Collateral circulation may be a potential therapeutic target for ischemic stroke.However,aiming at improving the treatment of collateral circulation,it has not yet got the reliable clinical validation now.Therefore,undergoing the study of collateral circulation first in the animal models of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion has important practical significance.This article reviews the methods of rat chronic cerebral hypoperfusion models,neurobehavioral evaluation,cerebral perfusion assessment,collateral circulation pathways,and the experimental research status of improving collateral circulation.

Objective To analyze the corneal flap thickness in laser in situ keratomileusis(LASIK) using Moria M2 microkeratome and to identify the related factors. Methods Sixty patients with LASIK were divided into two groups: M2 90 group,using the Moria M2 90 microkeratome,n=30;M2 110 group,using the Moria M2 110 microkeratome,n=30.All were performed on both eyes with the right one treated first.Subtraction pachymetry was used to measure corneal flap thickness which was analyzed statistically with the data including age,preoperative corneal diameter,curvature,corneal thickness and refraction. Results In the 30 patients of M2 90 group,the mean corneal flap thickness of right eye and left eyes were(128.03?12.03)?m(105~156 ?m) and(123.40?12.38) ?m(92~147 ?m),respectively,and the corneal flap thickness were statistically different between the right and left eyes(P

By analyzing the situation that large general hospitals face at present in their development and the background of reform in the system of overall responsibility by the attending physician in the hospital, the authors offer an account of the guiding ideology for large general hospitals to adopt the system of overall responsibility by the attending physician, the specific steps taken and the initial results attained. They also discuss the impact of the system of overall responsibility by the attending physician on the hospital from the perspectives of human resources, technological innovation, managerial system, and information system. The positive significance of the system of overall responsibility by the attending physician in the management of the hospital reform is also identified.

The painless needle insertion technique, summarized by Professor WU Lian-zhong during his decades of acupuncture clinical practice is introduced in this article, which is characterized as soft, flexible, fast, plucking and activating antipathogenic qi. The Sancai (three layers) lifting and thrusting manipulation technique is adopted by Professor WU for getting the qi sensation. And features of 10 kinds of needling sensation such as soreness, numbness, heaviness, distension, pain, cold, hot, radiation, jumping and contracture are summarized. Finger force, amplitude, speed and time length are also taken as the basis of reinforcing and reducing manipulations. Moreover, examples are also given to explain the needling technique on some specific points which further embodies Professor WU's unique experiences and understandings on acupuncture.
Acupuncture Therapy ; history ; methods ; China ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Humans ; Needles

Objective To study material basis of Zhou's prescription, components of effective parts Ⅰ in Zhou's prescription was gualitative and quantitative analyzed. Methods The components of effective part Ⅰ was identified by test-tube reaction and qualitative TLC method, the content of saponins and flavones was quantitative analyzed. Results Total content of the saponins and flavone are 1.07% and 0.85% in Zhou's Prescription. The purity of saponins and flavones in effective parts Ⅰ are 37.4% and 29.7%. Conclusion The main components of effective part Ⅰ in Zhou's Prescription were flavones and saponins.

Abruptio Placentae ; complications ; Adult ; Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation ; diagnosis ; etiology ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Pregnancy ; Prognosis ; Risk Factors

Adolescent ; Adult ; Anemia, Aplastic ; blood ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Isoenzymes ; metabolism ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear ; metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Protein Kinase C ; metabolism ; Protein Kinase C-theta ; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic ; cytology ; Th1 Cells ; cytology ; Young Adult

Objective To investigate the related factors of clinical incidence and the ultrasound diagnostic value of endometrial polyps (EMP).Methods A total of 278 patients with clinical abnormal vaginal bleeding,menorrhagia,infertility,cervical polyps or physical examination showing EMP received vaginal ultrasound and hysteroscopy.The related clinical factors were recorded and single factors and multivariate unconditional Logistic regression analysis were carried.Results The univariate analysis showed that the number of pregnancy,menopause,placing intrauterine device,oral comtraceptives,history of hormone therapy,chronic endometritis,cervical polyp,merger endometriosis and obesity were the statistically significant factors of EMP incidence (P ＜ 0.05 or ＜ 0.01),which were used as dependent variables for multivariate Logistic regression analysis,indicating that menopause,chronic endometritis,history of hormone therapy and cervical polyp significantly affecting EMP incidence (P ＜ 0.05),with OR values of 4.068,4.122,3.770 and 3.983 respectively.Conclusion Menopause,chronic endometritis,history of hormone therapy,cervical polyps are the related risk factors of EMP.

Objective To study the expression and significance of bcl-2 protein in esophageal squamous cell cancer and the surrounding tissues.Methods EnVision method was used to analyze the expression of bcl-2 protein in tissues of esophageal squamous cell cancer and the surrounding tissues from 62 patients.Results Expressions rates of bcl-2 protein were 80.3 ％ (49/61),45.9 ％ (28/61) and 67.7 ％ (20/62) in simple hyperplasia,high grade intraepithelial neoplasia and squamous cell carcinoma tissues,respectively,but 3.3 ％ (1/30) in normal mucosa tissue.There were significant differences between normal esophageal mucosa group and other groups (x2 =54.437,P ＜ 0.01).The expression of bcl-2 had no differentiation in tissue differentiation grade and degree of invasion of carcinoma (x2 =0.219,x2 =5.878,P ＞ 0.05).But it had significant relationship between the expression of bcl-2 and lymph node metastasis (x2 =4.120,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion bcl-2 may predicting the occurrence of esophageal squamous cell cancer in early stage,and may be regarded as an useful index for prognosis.

Objective To investigate the effect of pigment epithelium- derived factor (PEDF) on p38MAPK-CREB pathway and the expression of fibronectin (FN) in human mesangial cells (HMCs) cultured with high glucose. Methods HMCs were treated with different concentrations of glucose and the osmotic control respectively in the presence or absence of PEDF for 24 h:normal glucose (5.6 mmol/L),24.4 mmol/L mannitol,high glucose (30 mmol/L),high glucose+PEDF(30 mmol/L glucose with 10 nmol/L PEDF,40 nmol/L PEDF or 100 nmol/L PEDF).After samples were collected,the expression of phospho-p38MAPK (p-p38) and p-CREB was assessed by Western blotting,while FN mRNA and protein expression was assessed with RT-PCR and ELISA respectively. Results In contrast to normal glucose and mannitol treatments,the expression of p-p38MAPK,p-CREB and FN increased significantly in high glucose group (all P＜ 0.01).However,PEDF abolished the up-regulation of p-p38MAPK,p-CREB and FN induced by high glucose (all P＜0.05). Conclusion PEDF may inhibit fibrosis through P38MAPK-CREB pathway in diabetic nephropathy.