Acquired epileptic aphasia is an age-related epilepsy syndrome. It is an epileptic encephalopathy. The etiology and pathogenesis is unclear. There are many progresses in pathogens, such as of susceptibility genes, the mechanism of autoimmunity, and the disorders of metabolism in brain and so on. But each theory can only explain a part of clinic symptom. In the progress of treatments, more recent case series show that sulthiame and levetiracetam can be considered as effective drugs. There are also progresses in corticosteroid,intravenous immunoglobulims and surgery treatment. Other new methods, such as diet and sign language, are applied in clinical therapy.

Objective To identify G?quadruplex structures in the promoter region of MET. Methods CD spectroscopy,UV spectroscopy,non?denatured electrophoresis and PCR stop assay were applied to indicate the G?quadruplex structure and its function. Results The Pu23WT se?quence in the promoter of MET adopted an intramolecular parallel G?quadruplex structure under physiological conditions in vitro,which can stop the extension of Pmet. Conclusion G?quadruplex structure in the promoter might inhibit MET gene expression in vivo.

Objective To assess patient ’ s fallopian tube function after laparoscopic salpingotomy for tubal ectopic pregnancy.Methods We observed the degree of pelvic adhesion and previous tubal patency by laparoscopic secondary exploration. The fallopian tube function were evaluated in 24 cases ( 26 fallopian tubes ) which had experienced laparoscopic salpingotomy. Results There were 4 cases of severe adhesions (16.7%), 4 cases of moderate adhesions (16.7%), 5 cases of mild adhesions (20.8%), and 11 cases of minor adhesions (45.8%).The status of fallopian tubes:tubal rapture and tissue absence were seen in 11 oviducts (42.3%), intact but obviously shortened oviduct with distal hydrops was seen in 11 oviducts (42.3%), and normal oviduct was recorded in 4 oviducts (15.4%).The methylene blue flow test was performed in the 26 tubes, showing 23 (88.5%) occluded and 3(11.5%) patent. Conclusions The fallopian tubes have incomplete shapes after laparoscopic tubal fenestration for ectopic pregnancy in most patients.We confirm that laparoscopic salpingotomy can not preserve the fertility effectively.

BACKGROUND:Chitosan is a kind of biomaterial with good hemostatic, antibacterial and absorption properties. The guanidine modified chitosan holding better antibacterial and absorption abilities is a commonly used chemical separation material. However, its coagulation property is still unclear. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the in vitro hemostatic property and cytotoxicity of the guanidine modified chitosan, and to explore its availability as a hemostatic material.METHODS:The guanidine modified chitosan was synthesized with the raw materials of chitosan and arginine, and the coupling agents of EDC and NHS. The coagulation ability was evaluated preliminarily through the whole blood coagulation time, and three in vitro coagulation indexes (activated partial thromboplastin time, prothrombin time and thrombin time). The guanidine modified chitosan extracts were co-cultured with the mouse fibroblasts, and then the cell growth was observed by MTT assay and fluorescence microscope. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The guanidine modified chitosan shortened the whole blood coagulation time, suggesting its hemostatic property. In vitro coagulation results indicated that the guanidine modified chitosan exerted the effect not through the traditional endogenous and extrinsic coagulation pathways. Guanidino group has not been proved to be hemostatic, so the chitosan may be the effective component. MTT assay showed that the cell proliferation rate was 87.8%and the toxicity level was grade 1. Fluorescent staining observed abundant live cells, and few dead cells, indicating that the guanidine modified chitosan exhibits low cytotoxicity.

Environmental Microbiology is an important basic course of Environmental Engineering.Its characteristic is content broad,quick development and strong practicality,thus this curriculum's teaching has certain degree of difficulty.Some suggestions and concrete measures about teaching reform,which included curriculum's course content,teaching method,experiment teaching and assessment methods were proposed in this paper.

OBJECTIVE: Analyze the applications and challenges of guidelines for pharmacoeconomic evaluation (PE) in China. METHODS: Reviewing what Chinese health policy need from pharmacoeconomics; analyzethe applications and challenges of guidelines for PE in China; summarize the application and development of the guidelines for PE in the world. RESULTS: PE plays an important role in Drug development, pricing, reimbursement and evidenc-based clinical pathway. Since PE guidelineis not mandatory in healthcare policy decision making in China, and there are lack of high-quality, reliable database for PE, the guideline encountered many difficulties and challenges in practice and hasn't play its due role yet. CONCLUSION: Based on the experience from other counties and practical in China, we recommended that PEguideline shouldbe mandatory. It is recommended to set up national research institutions for PE, and update or supplementthe guidelines regularly. Moreover, the basic research should be strengthened, such as rational drug use, pharmacoepidemiology, quality of life.

Objective:To prepare DEET-ethylcellulose microsphere(DEET-EC) and observe its properties to retard volatilization of DEET. Methods: DEET-EC was prepared with solvent evaporation method. DEET was dissolved in CH 2Cl 2 with EC served as dispersed phase and 1% PVA water solution as continuous phase. The dispersed phase was added into the continuous phase with stirring rate at 1 000 r/min. The stirring rate was changed into 600 r/min after 30 min, and was kept until CH 2Cl 2 was entirely volatilized. After being watered, precipitated and lyophilized for 12 h, DEET-EC was derived, and the shape was observed with electron microscope. The particle size distribution was detected in 500 microspheres with optical microscope. HPLC method was established to determine the embedding ratio and loaded ratio of DEET-EC microsphere. Chromatograph conditions: Diamonsil ODS column (150 mm?4.6 mm), CH 3OH∶H 2O=65∶35 as mobile phase at 1 ml/min, the detected wavelength 210 nm. Results: The DEET-EC was egg-white and had spherical shape. Almost 90% of the MS distributed in 30-70 ?m, while ( ar ) and ( v ) were 49.6 ?m and 51.2 ?m, respectively. The loading ratio was 18.7% and the embedding ratio was 56.1%(n=6). Conclusion: The solvent evaporation method is convenient and simple to prepare DEET-EC microsphere.

Objective To investigate the molecular epidemiology of GJB2 mutations as a causative effect of prelingual deafness in northwestern China. Methods The medical history of 274 deaf-mute students was collected. Blood samples were obtained from them with informed consent. GJB2 gene sequences of genomic DNAs were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with a pair of primers, and bidirectional sequencing of PCR products was performed and analyzed with DNAStar Software. Results A total number of 274 deaf-mute students were diagnosed as non-syndromic hearing impairment, and profound prelingual deafness. Two kinds of polymorphism, seven pathologic mutations and one novel mutation were revealed in the GJB2 screenings of them, and 79G→A and 341A→G were polymorphism with high frequency. Conclusion GJB2 gene mutation is the causative gene in the prelingual deafness with a high incidence of 10.95% in northwestern China. Based on the investigation, it is clear that screening of GJB2 gene mutation should play a significant role in early diagnosis of deaf-mutism in this region.

Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) widely exists in living organisms.It,whose length is more than 200 bp,can regulate the genic expression in the epigenetic,transcriptional and post-transcriptional level.Therefore,it can influence cell proliferation,apoptosis,vitality,immune response and oxidative stress.In recent years,the study of lncRNA is developing rapidly in the ophthalmic research,and this article reviews the latest research progress on mechanism of lncRNA in the ophthalmology disease.

Objective To isolate and identify the chemical constituents in the polar part of the Ancecotochilus roxburghii.Methods The flavonoids were isolated by column chromatography and their structures were elucidated through spectral analyses such as FAB-MS and NMR.Results Five flavonoids were isolated and identified as quercetin 7-O-?-D-glucoside(Ⅰ),quercetin 3-O-?-D-rutinoside(Ⅱ),isorhamnetin-3,4′-O-?-D-diglucoside(Ⅲ),isorhamnetin-3,7-O-?-D-diglucoside(Ⅳ),and isorhamnetin-7-O-?-D-diglucoside(Ⅴ).Conclusion All the compounds are obtained from A.roxburghii for the first time.