OBJECTIVE To introduce the development of an intelligent prescription review decision-support system for anti-tumor drugs and assess its clinical application outcomes. METHODS Relevant data sources， including national and local pharmaceutical administration policies， clinical practice guidelines/consensus， hospital information systems data， and genetic testing results， were integrated. Adhering to the principles of structure， standardization and dynamic updating， a knowledge base covering chemotherapeutic， targeted and immunotherapeutic agents was constructed using a dual-dimensional modeling approach that combined “drug attributes” and “clinical contexts”. This knowledge base was then embedded into the hospital’s electronic medical order system to establish the prescription review decision-support system. The application and performance of the system were evaluated at Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine. RESULTS A knowledge base containing 18 318 prescription review rules for anti-tumor drugs was constructed， and a closed-loop prescription review system was successfully established， encompassing pre-prescription real-time intervention， in-process interactive review， and post-prescription evaluation and analysis. From 2021 to 2024， the system generated a total of 57 879 alerts for prescriptions of five typical categories of anti-tumor drugs. For platinum-containing prescriptions， 22 577 alerts were generated， with Cisplatin for injection （lyophilized） being the most frequently alerted drug （13 445 alerts）， and “ototoxicity risk due to combined use” alerts remained high （7 682 alerts）. For methotrexate-containing prescriptions， 3 721 alerts were recorded， primarily related to “precaution-related issues” （76.4%， 2 843/3 721）. For doxorubicin-containing prescriptions， 17 301 alerts were triggered， primarily related to “dosage and administration” （14 315 alerts）. For human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-targeted agents-containing prescriptions， 1 007 alerts were issued， mostly related to “reimbursement restrictions” （956 alerts）. For programmed death-1/programmed death-ligand 1 inhibitors-containing prescriptions， the alerts increased year by year， totaling 13 273 alerts， primarily related to “inappropriate indication” （9 118 alerts）. Over the 4 years， the physician response rates to system alerts were 21.4%， 27.1%， 33.5% and 51.6%， respectively. CONCLUSIONS An intelligent decision-support system for anti-tumor drug prescription review， encompassing a closed-loop process of “real-time pre-event intervention， interactive in-event prescription review， post-event evaluation and analysis”， has been successfully constructed and implemented throughout the entire workflow. There is a discernible trend in this hospital， where the focus on monitoring anti-tumor drugs is shifting towards immunotherapy drugs. Additionally， the acceptance rate of physicians regarding prescription review opinions has been steadily increasing year by year.

Objective To investigate the density,species composition,and seasonal prevalence of domestic rodents in different habitats within Lanzhou garrisons,providing basic information for rodent prevention and control.Methods A total of 12 monitoring sites were sampled across urban,suburban,and rural residential areas from 2014 to 2022.Rodent density was monitored using the night-trapping method in the middle of odd-numbered months.Results From 2014 to 2022,346 domestic rodents were captured using 122 035 effective traps,with an average domestic rodent density of 0.28％.The highest domestic rodent density was 0.63％in 2016,and the lowest was 0.07％in 2020,showing significant differences across years,with an overall trend of initially decreasing and then increasing(χ2=136.555,P<0.001).The dominant species was Rattus norvegicus,accounting for 83.24％of the total rodents captured.Rattus norvegicus accounted for a relatively high proportion across different years,with a statistically significant difference in species composition(χ2=20.931,P<0.05).Rodent densities and species composition also varied significantly among the monitored habitats(P<0.001),with the highest densities observed in rural residential areas and the lowest in urban areas.Seasonal variation in rodent densities showed a bimodal pattern,with smaller peaks in January or March and a larger peak in July.Conclusions Domestic rodent density in Lanzhou garrisons has shown an upward trend in the past few years.Rodent control measures should focus on barracks in rural residential areas,with targeted interventions to reduce the risk of rodent-borne diseases.

Objective To investigate the population composition,seasonal dynamics,and infestation levels of cockroaches in Lanzhou,China,and to provide information for the scientific development of cockroach control strategies.Methods Monitoring was conducted at three locations using the sticky trap method.Habitats included farm product markets,catering establishments,hotels,hospitals,and residential areas.Results From 2016 to 2023,the average cockroach density was 0.77 insects per board,with an average infestation rate of 10.84%.Blattella germanica was the dominant species.Seasonal density of cockroaches showed an approximately unimodal distribution,peaking in September.The highest average density and infestation rates were observed in farm product markets.Conclusions Cockroach density and infestation levels in Lanzhou remained relatively low.A comprehensive prevention and control strategy focusing on environmental management in key areas should be implemented according to the seasonal fluctuations.

Objective To investigate the predictive value of combined detection of serum myelin basic pro-tein(MBP),creatine kinase isoenzyme(CKBB)and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine(8-OHDG)in the prognosis of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy(HIE).Methods A total of 150 neonates with neonatal HIE in the hospital from January 2020 to December 2023 were selected as the observation group,and 60 healthy neonates were selected as the control group.The levels of serum MBP,CKBB,and 8-OHDG were compared between two groups,the correlation between serum MBP,CKBB,and 8-OHDG levels and the severity of the disease was analyzed,clinical data and serum MBP,CKBB,and 8-OHDG levels of neonates with different prognosis were compared,and the influencing factors of neonatal HIE prognosis and the predictive value of MBP,CKBB,and 8-OHDG in the prognosis of neonatal HIE were analyzed.Results The serum levels of MBP,CKBB and 8-OHDG in mild,moderate and severe neonates in observation group were higher than those in control group(P<0.05).Serum levels of MBP,CKBB and 8-OHDG in observation group were positively correlated with the severity of the disease(P<0.05).The Apgar score 1 min after birth in the neonates with poor prognosis was lower than that in the neonates with good prognosis(P<0.05),and the severity of the disease,serum MBP,CKBB and 8-OHDG levels were higher than those in the neonates with good prognosis(P<0.05).Mul-tivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that Apgar score 1 min after birth,serum MBP,CKBB and 8-OHDG were independent influencing factors for the prognosis of neonates with HIE(P<0.05).The area un-der the curve of combined detection of serum MBP,CKBB and 8-OHDG for predicting the prognosis of neo-nates with HIE was 0.941,which was significantly higher than those predicted by each index alone(P<0.05).Conclusion Serum MBP,CKBB and 8-OHDG levels are related to the prognosis of neonates with HIE and the severity of brain injury,and the combination of the three could provide reference for the prognosis e-valuation of neonates with HIE.

Objective To explore the differences in gut microbiota among patients with Parkinson disease(PD),major depressive disorder(MDD)and PD with depression(dPD),as well as their correlation with psychological factors.Methods A cross-sectional control design was used for the study.Fecal samples were collected from 30 PD patients,21 dPD patients,and 20 MDD patients for high-throughput 16S rRNA sequencing analysis.The Snaith-Hamilton pleasure scale(SHAPS),ruminative responses scale(RRS),Connor-Davidson resilience scale(CD-RISC)and self-compassion scale short form(SCS-SF)were used for psychological assessments.Results The relative abundance of Megamonas was higher in the MDD group than in the dPD and PD groups,while Prevotella was lower in the MDD group than in the dPD and PD groups.The relative abundance of Escherichia-Shigella in PD was higher than that in the dPD and MDD groups,and the difference was significant(P<0.05).The score of the CD-RISC was positively correlated with the abundance of microbiota at Vibrio(r=0.598,P<0.001)and Shewanella(r=0.569,P<0.001),while the score of ruminative responses scale was positively correlated with the abundance of microbiota at Hydrogenophaga(r=0.625,P<0.001),Rhodococcus(r=0.510,P<0.001).Conclusion There are some differences in gut microbiota among patients with Parkinson disease,Parkinson disease with depression and major depression disorder.The specific microbiota such as Vibrio and Rhodococcus may be related to the psychological factors and depressive symptoms of dPD patients.

Hongsheng Dan, historically referred to as the "surgical sacred medicine", is at risk of losing its refining technology in contemporary times. This study aimed to preserve and innovate this traditional non-heritage refining technology. By utilizing the analytic hierarchy process(AHP) combined with the entropy weight method, this study established the hierarchical structure model of refining process of Hongsheng Dan and conducted a single factor experiment and an L_9(3~4) orthogonal experiment to optimize the refining method of Hongsheng Dan. Additionally, the study employed infrared thermal imaging to monitor temperature variations of Hongsheng Dan during the refining process. The optimized refining parameters for Hongsheng Dan were established as follows: a slow fire temperature of 175 ℃ with a duration of 30 minutes, a strong fire temperature of 270 ℃ with a duration of 60 minutes, and a tail fire temperature of 180 ℃ with a duration of 15 minutes. The stability and feasibility of this optimized process were confirmed through validation tests. The research focused on the material transformation of Hongsheng Dan, starting from the material changes during the refining process of Hongsheng Dan and the synthesis of mercuric oxide from nitric acid. The study investigated elemental transformations, physical phase changes, and alterations in thermal properties. 78.98% of the mercury in Hongsheng Dan and 80.21% of the mercury in mercuric oxide from nitric acid were retained. The diffraction peak intensity of the(011) crystal plane of Hongsheng Dan was highest at approximately 30.07°, indicating that the(011) crystal plane had a preferred crystalline orientation. Furthermore, the temperature range for the alteration in thermal properties during the refining process of Hongsheng Dan was found to be between 80 ℃ and 130 ℃. This research not only optimized the refining technology of Hongsheng Dan but also pioneered the application of infrared thermal imaging to study temperature changes throughout the refining process. By exploring the material transformation patterns of Hongsheng Dan and the synthesis of mercuric oxide from nitric acid, the study provided technical support for the preservation and innovation of Hongsheng Dan.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal/standards* ; Temperature

Objective·To elucidate the causal relationship between obstructive sleep apnea(OSA)and imaging-derived phenotypes(IDPs)through two-sample Mendelian randomization(MR)studies.Methods·The genetic data related to OSA were obtained from the genome-wide association study(GWAS)(ncase group=50 200,ncontrol group=401 484)in the FinnGen Biobank R11.Twenty-seven single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)were screened out as instrumental variables of OSA.The GWAS of 3 935 IDPs was based on multimodal neuroimaging data from 39 691 individuals of European ancestry in the UK Biobank.Multiple MR methods,primarily utilizing inverse variance weighted(IVW)analysis,were applied,along with assessments for heterogeneity,pleiotropy,and sensitivity.Results·MR analysis indicated that 8 IDPs were associated with OSA.For example,the genetically determined volume of caudal middle frontal gyrus in the right hemisphere was associated with an increased risk of OSA.A one?standard-deviation increase in volume corresponded to an 11%higher risk of OSA(IVW OR=1.11,95%CI 1.06?1.17,P<0.001).Genetically determined reduced risk of OSA was associated with a resting-state functional connectivity characteristic(IVW β=-0.10,95%CI-0.19?-0.01,P=0.025),representing the functional connectivity strength between the bilateral frontal poles and the right frontal-parietal cortex.The heterogeneity test did not find significant heterogeneity among the instrumental variables.The pleiotropy test did not detect any pleiotropy.The sensitivity analysis indicated stable results.Conclusion·Eight IDPs may have a causal relationship with the occurrence of OSA,among which one IDP shows a bidirectional causal relationship,providing potential targets for non-invasive neuromodulation interventions in OSA.

Objective To investigate the value of prone-position MRI of lumbar spine for diagnosing pediatric occult tethered cord syndrome(OTCS).Methods A total of 67 children with suspected tethered cord syndrome(TCS)and confirmed OTCS by surgery were prospectively enrolled as OTCS group,while 73 healthy subjects were recruited as control group.Supine-and prone-position lumbar MR examinations were performed in both groups.The position of filum terminale on prone axial T2WI and the presence or absence of"sunset sign"(i.e.filum terminale located within the dorsal 1/2 of spinal canal on prone axial T2WI)were observed,spinal cord conus mobility was calculated.The efficacy of"sunset sign"for diagnosing OTCS in children was calculated through comparison between groups.Receiver operating characteristic curve was drawn,the area under the curve(AUC)was calculated to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of spinal cord conus mobility.Results On prone-position axial T2WI,"sunset sign"was found in 58 cases(58/67,86.57％)but not in 9 cases(9/67,13.43％)in OTCS group,which was not even observed in control group.The sensitivity of"sunset sign"for diagnosing pediatric OTCS was 86.57％(58/67),with specificity of 100％(73/73),positive predictive value of 100％(58/58)and negative predictive value of 89.02％(73/82).The spinal cord conus mobility was(19.30±5.89)％in OTCS group and(31.71±6.58)％in control group,being statistically different between groups(t=-11.722,P＜0.001).The sensitivity,specificity and AUC of spinal cord conus mobility for diagnosing pediatric OTCS was 80.60％,90.41％and 0.920,respectively.Conclusion Prone-position MRI of lumbar spine could be used in diagnosing pediatric OTCS.

Objective In order to summarize the implementation status and effectiveness of entrusted management projects in municipal hospitals of Beijing,the project aims to better promote the extension of high-quality urban re-sources to county-level hospitals.Methods Through survey questionnaires and focus group interviews,the survey questionnaire includes the size of the hospital,the number of surgeries,Case Mix Index,annual average number of new technologies and projects,personnel training entrusted,and interviews with 50 heads of municipal hospi-tals,district hospitals,and district level government relevant departments.Results Measures for medical homogeni-zation,talent cultivation,management,and cultural homogenization were sorted out.In terms of hospital scale,level evaluation,medical service capabilities,and the proportion of master's degree and above personnel in the managed hospitals,an upward trend was observed.Conclusion The medical cooperation project entrusted by Beijing Municipal Hospitals promotes the integration of regional medical services,and provides reference for the expansion and sinking of high-quality medical resources from the management mechanism,operation mechanism and key measures.

Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)is a respiratory syndrome caused by severe acute respiratory syn-drome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2).Once SARS-CoV-2 was detected in Wuhan(Hubei Province,China),it rap-idly spread widely across China and the world,posing a serious threat to global health and the economy.With the development of Artificial Intelligence(AI)technology and the openness and application of open-source software,tremendous progress has been achieved in the quantitative study of chest radiology for COVID-19,enabling the quantitative dataization of radiological image data,which adds a powerful indicator to the prognosis study of COV-ID-19.Therefore,we reviewed the current literature on the factors predicting the severity and prognosis of COV-ID-19,and summarized demographic,laboratory and radiological factors to help with risk stratification and prog-nosis assessment for COVID-19 patients and assist in their clinical management and treatment.