OBJECTIVE To explore the disinfection methods for slippers that used in operation room. METHODS A total of 120 pairs of slippers were monitored on their disinfection half of them were with automatic washer machine as a test group; while control group was dealed mannally with compound chlorine disinfection solution. The disinfection effects of two groups were compared. RESULTS The disinfection effects of two methods were identical, but had a difference of work efficiency. CONCLUSIONS The slippers used in operating room are contaminated by bacteria seriously. The manual disinfection method is low inefficient. The test group by machine method is with good efficiency and safety, so, it was recommendable for clinical use.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of the extracts of Polygonum lapathifolium on the activity of ?-glucosidase.METHODS:Soxhlet extraction was applied to extract overground part of P.lapathifolium,and the inhibition effect of extracts on ?-glucosidase was determined with 96-microplate-based method,and the inhibitory kinetic characteristics of methanol extract was investigated using Lineweaver-Burk method.RESULTS:The extracts from P.lapathifolium showed good inhibitory activity.The methanol extract had the highest inhibitory activity (IC50=2.13 ?g?mL-1)followed by ethyl acetate extract (IC50=3.826 ?g?mL-1),petroleum ether extract (IC50=230.86 ?g ? mL-1).And they were all higher than that of acarbose (IC50=1 103.01 ?g?mL-1) as positive control.Inhibitory kinetics test indicated that methanol extract was noncompetitive inhibitor.CONCLUSION:The extracts of P.lapathifolium have good inhibition effect on the activity of ?-glucosidase with a good prospect of development and utilization.

Objective To observe the therapeutic efficacy of ozone injection in treating lumbar disc herniation. Methods One hundred and four patients with CT or MRI proved lumbar disc herniation, including 144 diseased lumbar discs, were enrolled in this study. The main complains were severe pain or numbness in the low back and lower limbs. Under the X-ray guidance, a 21 G needle was punctured into the disc, followed by an injection of 4-40 ml ozone (50 ug/ml) and 40 mg prednisolone acetate into intradiscal and paravertebral space. Results All patients were followed up for 3 to 84 months with an average time of 38 months. The last follow-up check was carried out in March of 2009. The total effective rate was 77.1%, with no occurrence of any serious complications. Conclusion The percutaneous injection of medical ozone into disc and paravertebral space is an effective and safe method for the treatment of lumbar disc herniation.

Objective To evaluate PDCA circle in training of cooperation quality in endoscopic nurse.Methods PDCA circle was applied to train endoscopic nurses.Knowledge of endoscopic nursing and techniques as well as operators' satisfaction with endoscopic examination were compared before and after PDCA circle training.Results Nursing scores increased from 92.40 to 96.00 with statistical significance (P ＜ 0.05).Performance scores increased from 93.03 to 98.13 (P ＜ 0.05).Operators' satisfaction increased from 81.3％ to 96.9％.Conclusion PDCA circle could improve not only endoscopic nursing but also the quality of endoscopic training.

Objective To evaluate the relationship between the concentration of pentane in the exhaled air and degree of the lung injury in non-heart-beating (NHB) rabbits.Methods Twenty-four healthy male Japanese white rabbits weighing 2.4-3.0 kg were randomly divided into 4 groups ( n =6 each):A,B,C and D groups.The NHB model was established by exsanguination through the femoral artery.The exhaled gases were collected and lung tissues were removed at 0,30,60 and 120 min after cardiac arrest in A,B,C and D groups respectively.The concentration of pentane in the exhaled gases was detected immediately using the gas chromatography-mass spectrography.The wet to dry (W/D) lung weight ratio and content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in lung tissues were measured.The lung injury score (LIS) was recorded.The maximal volume ( Vmax ) of the lung was recorded when the airway pressure reached 30 cm H2O.Results Compared with groups A and B,the exhaled pentane concentration was significantly increased in group C,and the W/D ratio,content of MDA and LIS were significantly increased,while Vmax was significantly decreased in group D ( P ＜ 0.05).Compared with group C,W/D ratio and LIS were significantly increased in group D ( P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusion The concentration of exhaled pentane can not reflect the degree of the lung injury in NHB rabbits.

Objective: To establish a prediction model for high-risk cardiovascular disease (CVD) among residents aged 35 to 75 years, so as to provide the basis for improving CVD prevention and control measures. Methods: Permanent residents aged 35 to 75 years were selected from Dongcheng District, Beijing Municipality using the stratified random sampling method from 2018 to 2023. Demographic information, lifestyle, waist circumference and blood biochemical indicators were collected through questionnaire surveys, physical examinations and laboratory tests. Influencing factors for high-risk CVD among residents aged 35 to 75 years were identified using a multivariable logistic regression model, and a prediction model for high-risk CVD was established. The predictive effect was evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results: A total of 6 968 individuals were surveyed, including 2 821 males (40.49%) and 4 147 females (59.51%), and had a mean age of (59.92±9.33) years. There were 1 155 high-risk CVD population, with a detection rate of 16.58%. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that gender, age, smoking, central obesity, systolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were influencing factors for high-risk CVD among residents aged 35 to 75 years (all P<0.05). The area under the ROC curve of the established prediction model was 0.849 (95%CI: 0.834-0.863), with a sensitivity of 0.693 and a specificity of 0.863, indicating good discrimination. Conclusion The model constructed by eight factors including demographic characteristics, lifestyle and blood biochemical indicators has good predictive value for high-risk CVD among residents aged 35 to 75 years.

Objective:To explore the putative role of CD40 and COX-2 expression in human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC)and to analyze their possible relationship with angiogenesis in ESCC.Methods:The expression of CD40 and COX-2 was detected in 79 ESCC and 28 normal esophageal epithelial tissue samples with immunohistochemical staining.The microvessel density by CD34 was determined and the clinicopathological significance of CD40 and COX-2 expression in ESCC was analyzed.In addition,the expression of CD40 and COX-2 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cell line Eca109 and primary cultured normal esophageal epithelial cells in vivo was comparatively studied with immunocytochemical staining andWestern blot.Results:Compared with that in normal epithelial tissues,the expression of CD40 and COX-2 in ESCC was significantly higher(54.43%vs 10.71%:69.62%vs 17.86%:respectively,P<0.05).The positive expression rate of CD40 in ESCC cases with lymph node metastasis was significantly higher than that in those without lymph node metastasis(70.37%vs 46.1 5%.P<0.05).No correlation was found between CD40 expression and patient age,sex,tumor location,size and differentiation of tumors.No clinicopathological significanca of COX-2 expression in ESCC was found.There was a positive correlation between CD40 expression and COX-2 expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(P<0.05,φ=0.446).The mean MVD value in ESCC was significantly higher than that in normal esophageal tissue(25.02±5.52 vs 12.09±4.55,P<0.05).MVD value in ESCC was closely correlated with lymph node metastasis.The mean MVD value in ESCC cases with positive CD40 and COX-2 expression was higher than that in those with negative CD40 and COX-2expression(26.37±6.02 vs 22.58±5.25.P<0.05).Western blot results showed that CD40 and COX-2 expression in Eca109 was higher than that in cultured normal esophageal epithelial cells (P<0.05).Conclusion:The expression of CD40 is involved in the carcinogenesis and progression of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.CD40 may play an important role in the angiogenesis of ESCC through promoting COX-2 expression.

Objective To research clinical application of rotating platform knee prosthesis Gemini MK II in the total knee arthroplasty. Methods From August 2010 to July 2013, 87 patients (106 knees) underwent total knee arthroplasty using rotating platform knee prosthesis Gemini MK II. The average ages of the cases were 65.3 years (52-81 years). The clinical results were evaluated by the HSS knee rating score system as well as X-ray films. Results The patients were followed up for mean 24.2 months (7~40 months). The pain caused by the illness of knee obviously alleviated and the function of knee significantly improved. The complications such as osteolysis around the prosthesis, prosthesis loos-ening and dislocation of meniscus bearings were not found. The HSS knee rating score was (51.5±9.7) before total knee arthroplasty, which improved to (87.3±6.4), The difference was significant(P<0.01). Conclusion There are satisfactory results in a short time for rotating platform knee prosthesis Gemini MK II in the total knee arthroplasty. A long term follow-up is obviously necessary to make more precise statement about the knee replacement system.

Objective To evaluate the changes in the expression of c-fos protein in the spinal cord in a rat model of oxycodone dependence or withdrawal response.Methods Thirty SPF adult male Sprague-Dawley rats,aged 6-8 weeks,weighing 180-220 g,were divided into 3 groups (n=10 each) using a random number table method:normal saline group (group NS),oxycodone dependence group (group OD),and oxycodone withdrawal group (group OW).In OD and OW groups,oxycodone was injected subcutaneously in back,5 days in total,with the dose of 2,3,4,5 and 6 mg/kg in turn,3 times a day (8:00/15:00/22:00).The equal volume of normal saline was given instead in group NS.The mechanical paw withdrawal threshold was measured at 3 days before administration and 30 min after the last administration every day.The oxycodone withdrawal was induced by intraperitoneal injection of naloxone 4 mg/kg at 8 h after the last administration of oxycodone on 5th day in group OW.The withdrawal response scores and range of weight changes were recorded within 15 min after giving naloxone or normal saline in NS and OW groups.Spinal cord tissues were collected at 1 h after the last administration on 5th day in group OD and at 1 h after giving normal saline or naloxone on 5th day in NS and OW groups for determination of the expression of c-fos protein by Western blot.Results Compared with group NS,the mechanical paw withdrawal threshold was significantly increased on 1 and 2 days after administration,and the expression of c-fos protein in the spinal cord was up-regulated in OD and OW groups,and withdrawal response scores were significantly increased,and the range of weight change was increased in group OW (P＜0.05).The expression of c-fos protein was significantly down-regulated in group OW as compared with group OD (P＜0.05).Conclusion Oxycodone dependence or withdrawal response may be related to the expression of c-fos protein in the spinal cord of rats,and the expression is up-regulated during oxycodone dependence,while down-regulated during oxycodone withdrawal.

Objective To translate English version of sensory-motor profile awake ( SMP-a) into Chinese version (the Chinese Version of SMP-a),and analyze the reliability and validity of the scale before and after craniotomy under awakening anesthesia. Methods Eighty-one patients whose tumors were located near or already in sensory-motor functional area were included in this study. Before and after awake cranioto-my,the Chinese version of SMP-a was used to accurately assess the sensory-motor function of each patient. Finally, the reliability and validity of the scale were analyzed by SPSS statistical software. Results Cronbach's α coefficient in the Chinese version of SMP-a was 0. 971,and Cronbach's α coefficient in the four subscales of face,hand,leg and sensation was 0. 965,0. 989,0. 981 and 0. 970,respectively. The test-retest reliability of the Chinese version of sensorimotor assessment scale was 0. 910,0. 904,0. 884,0. 898 and 0. 695 (total,face,hands,legs and sensory score respectively). The raters' consistency reliability was above 0. 949,0. 960,0. 934,0. 887 and 0. 660,respectively. The Pearson correlation coefficients of sensorimotor function score with SF-36 physiological function factors and KPS score were 0. 868 and 0. 790,respectively. Conclusion Before or after operation,the Chinese version of SMP-a has preferable reliability,internal con-sistency reliability and structural validity. It is feasible in awakening anesthesia craniotomy,and the degree of damage can be determined by repeated measurement of the sensorimotor sites that may be impaired by the patient.