Objective To study the analysis of auditory rehabilitation outcomes of patients with cochlear nerve canal stenosis after cochlear implantation(CI).Methods A cohort of 30 patients with bilateral profound senso-rineural hearing loss who were diagnosed with cochlear neural canal stenosis by high-resolution CT were tested with evoked compound action potential (ECAP)and evoked auditory brainstem response (EABR)during and 3 ,6 , 9 months after CI.Audiometry in sound field was also assessed before and 3 ,6 ,9 months after CI.Among the co-hort,1 7 patients over 3 years old underwent postoperative speech recognition rate test.All the auditory rehabilita-tion outcomes were analyzed.Results ① For all 30 patients,there were no obvious differences of ECAP and EABR waveforms tested in 3,6 and 9 months after CI.②The thresholds in sound field in 3,6,9 months after CI were 65 ±8 dB HL,62 ±4 dB HL and 61 ±7 dB HL,respectively.The thresholds in sound field were significantly im-proved after than before CI (100 ±5 dB HL).③ The single vowel recognition rates of 17 patients in 3 ,6 and 9 months after CI were 55%±7%,56%±8% and 80%±4%,respectively.The single vowel recognition rate was significantly improved in 9 months after than before CI(52%±8%).The single consonant recognition rates of 17 pa-tients in 3 ,6 and 9 months after CI were 9%±3%,8%±4% and 9%±2%,respectively.The single consonant recognition rates were not significantly improved after than before CI (8%±2%).Conclusion ① For patients with bi-lateral cochlear neural canal stenosis,neither ECAP nor EABR waves were produced during or after CI.The language com-munication of patients is limited as a result of their poor subjective thresholds in sound field and speech recognition rates.

OBJECTIVE To analyze disease-related clinical features and therapeutic effects of basal cell adenoma in head and neck. METHODS Clinical data of 9 patients with pathologically diagnosed basal cell adenoma in head and neck between Mar 2007 and Jan 2016 in our department were analyzed retrospectively. The ratio of male 3 to female 6 was 1:2. The median age of the patients was 48.9 years old(22 to 65 years). 5 cases affected parotid gland, 1 occurred in left maxillary sinus and infratemporal fossa, 1 involved nasopharyngeal and pterygopalatine fossa, 1 originated from nasal vestibule and 1 derived from nasal septum. RESULTS 8 of the patients underwent surgical treatment, while one patient with tumor involving the left maxillary sinus and infratemporal fossa was given a transnasal surgery for concurrent rhinosinusitis and subsequently confirmed by pathology. The postoperative follow-up period was between 1 and 10 years. One patient with tumor affecting infratemporal fossa recurred 1.5 years after surgery, while the rest shown no signs of recurrence and complication. CONCLUSION Basal cell adenoma in head and neck is a rare kind of disease. Clinical features and imaging helped to differenced basal cell adenoma in head and neck from other diagnoses, but definite diagnosis relies on the pathological tests.Surgery may provide good effects and prognosis on patients with basal cell adenoma.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the feasibility of image navigation technology in endoscopic skull base surgery.

METHODSThis study consisted of 75 patients who underwent the endoscopic operations with the help of the image navigation system by the same surgeon between March 2010 and March 2013. The time to prepair image navigation system, identifying anatomical structure, complications, tumor resection, and follow-up results were analysed.

RESULTSThe application of image navigation technology in the endoscopic skull base operations was both safe and reliable for delineation of tumors and identification of vital structures hidden or encased by the tumors, such as internal carotid artery, optic canal, comb, saddle bottom, foramen rotundum, foramen ovale, foramen lacerum, jugular foramen, cerebral dura mater. The tumor was removed completely, subtotally, or partially. All patients were successfully registered with accuracy, and the preoperative time was 8-15 minutes for preparation, 11 minutes in average. The target error was less than or equal to 1.5 mm. With guidance of the image navigation system, all patients were successfully operated on without serious complication. There were 13 cases with anterior skull base tumor, all were removed completely. There were 28 cases with sella region tumor, 21 totally resected, 7 subtotally resected. There were 20 cases with petroclival region tumor, 12 totally resected, 5 subtotally resected, 3 partially resected. There were 14 cases with pterygopalatine fossa and/or infratemporal fossa region tumor, 11 totally resected, 3 subtotally resected. All patients were available for follow-up (mean = 26 months) except 6 cases.

CONCLUSIONImage navigation technology can be applied in endoscopic skull base operations with advantages of accurately locating, clearly marking, significantly decreasing incidence of complications, and maximally removing the lesions.

Carotid Artery, Internal ; Endoscopy ; Humans ; Pterygopalatine Fossa ; Skull Base ; surgery ; Temporal Bone