A Computer-normalized micro-ELISA assay with some improvements to reduce non -specific binding for determination of Dermatophagoides farinae-specific IgE is desc- ribed.Bovine serum albumin was added to the conjugate buffer and serum dliuent to re- duce“noise”often encountered in ELISA assay,resulting in decreased background and increased sensitivity for determining specific IgE.An“IP”milliunit system was adopted to communicate the results of the assay in order that the clinician can compare them more easily.A computer programme for standardization of the results was developed. The automation and high efficiency of computer allowed a reliable and much more ra- pid management of all the experiment data.Interassay coefficients declined from 15.81% into 8.20% after normalization.This computerized normalization method can also be used in other allergen-specific IgE determinations,employing the same progra- mme.The specificity of this experiment was confirmed by absorption studies.

Objective To explore the correlation between serum levels of CXC chemokine ligand 16(CXCL16) and carotid artery atherosclerosis in patients with acute cerebral infarction(ACI) .Methods A total of 36 cases of patients with ACI were enrolled in ACI group ,and 30 individuals received physical examination were enrolled into control group .Levels of blood lipid ,high‐sensitive C‐reactive protein(hs‐CRP) and serum CXCL16 were detected ,and the carotid atherosclerotic plaques and changes of carotid intimal‐medial thickness(IMT) were examined by using the Color Doppler ultrasonography .Results The serum levels of CXCL16 in ACI group[3 .58(1 .06 -12 .83)ng/L] was higher than that in control group[1 .57(0 .61 -3 .34)ng/L] ,had statistically significant difference(P<0 .05) .The carotid IMT were higher in ACI group[(1 .19 ± 0 .36)mm] than that in control group[(1 .01 ± 0 .18) mm] ,had statistically significant difference(P<0 .05) .In ACI group ,the serum level of CXCL16 was higher in patients with vul‐nerable plaques than that in patients with stable plaques ,had statistically significant difference(P<0 .05) ,Serum levels of CXCL16 were correlated with carotid IMT and levels of hs‐CRP(r=0 .497 ,P<0 .05 ;r=0 .442 ,P<0 .05) .Multiple linear stepwise regres‐sion analysis showed that CXCLl6 was one of the independent risk factors for the development of carotid atherosclerotic plaques . Conclusion High serum levels of CXCLl6 and hs‐CRP might be independent risk factors for the development of carotid atheroscle‐rotic plaques ,and CXCLl6 might be closely correlated to the vulnerability of carotid atherosclerosis plaques .

Objective To explore the effect of the Yu-tone music to reduction of fear emotion. Methods 72 undergraduate students listened to Yu-tone Music or had a rest for ten minutes after elicitation of fear emotion by film clip;and measured from autonomic nerves system include skin conduction,BVP amplitude,heart rate,respiration,finger temperature and self-report subjective experience. Result 1.Compared with silence[(0.96±1.64)1/Ω,(0.85±1.73)min-1,(4.48±43.54)μV,(-5±15.37)min-1],music was associated with a significantly decreased skin resistance,respiration rate,heart rate and myoelectricity after fear emotion[(2.04±2.22)1/Ω,(0.09±1.79)min-1,(8.47±26.24) μV,(1.57±20.88) min-1,P <0.01,P <0.01,P <0.01,P <0.05]; 2.Compared with silence[(-0.37±2.71)μV, (0.13±1.16) ℃ ],music was enlarged BVP amplitude and skin temperature[(-0.53±3.8)μV,(-0.02±0.87)℃],but there was no significant difference( P ＞0.05,P ＞0.05).Conclusion Music advance the restore of negative emotion,and reduce excitability of the sympathetic and improve function of the parasympathetic nervous systems. Simultaneously,music significantly enhance the feelings of happiness as well as quietness of positive emotion.

Objective To explore the effect of continuous subglottic irrigation and aspiration in patients with artificial airway. Methods One hundred and twenty-eight patients with mechanical ventilation were randomly divided into observation group and control group with 64 cases in each group.The observation group was treated by continuous subglottic irrigation and aspiration,and the control group received traditional nursing.The two groups were observed and compared in terms of incidence of aspiration and ventilator-associated pneumonia.Result The incidences of ventilator associated pneumonia(VAP)and aspiration in the observation group were significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Continuous subglottic irrigation and aspiration can effectively prevent aspiration and VAP among patients with artificial airway.

From May 1981 to September 1983. experimental study of the effect of buried nerve endings into muscles on the recovery of its motor functions was carried out in our hospital with 40 robust rabbits of both-sexes divided into two groups. In group A. left common peroneal nerve was cut off at the relatively deep site of myoneural junction and divided into three bundles, which were separately buried into long extensor muscle of digits, anterior tibial muscle and long peroneal muscle. For group B. a piece of 1.2cm cut from left common peroneal nerve and another piece of 1.4cm cut from right common per-oneal nerve were freely transplanted to the left-side muscles in the same way as in group A. Experimental results showed that the motor function of the muscles transplanted with nerve ending started to recover in two months after operation, and that the muscle power reached more than the 4th grading and electric irritation could induce muscle contraction at the 6th month after operation. Electromyogra-phic examination showed mixed disturbing potential. The new motor end-plates could be found on his-tological examination. In one clinical case follow-up for 6 months was made post-operatively and the recovering muscle power was fairly satisfactory.

To investigate and analyze the factors which influence the public attitudes towards autopsy after accidental deaths.The study has carried on an investigation among 386 individuals in random,with a questionnaire named "The cognition of the public whether to carry on the autopsy after accidental deaths".Using the statistical methods of the Logistic Regression analysis and optimum regression analysis to analyze the recycling questionnaires.Through the diagnosis,we found there are four main factors which influence public opinion upon the autopsy after accidental deaths,the knowledge of autopsy,the believing in autopsy,years of schooling and family financial circumstances.

Ojective To evaluate the therapeutic effects of fibrin glue for hemostases and preventing gastroenterologic tract leakage. Methods Fibrin glue was used to prevent bleeding or leakage of anastomotic stoma in 153 patients undrgone operation as compared with the control group. Results Postoperative hemorrhage in the experimental group reduced significantly (P

Objective To study the dynamic changes of posttraumatic focal brain edema. Methods 120 patients who underwent multiple CT scans after head injury with hematoma or brain contusion in our hospital from 1998 to 2002 were enrolled in this study. Their CT image parameters and clinical data were recorded, and statistically analyzed. Results 96.7%(116/120) patients had perihematoma or pericontusion edema. Edema appeared 7 hours after head injury and reached its climax at the ninth day. Edema shape trended taper during its development, and cortex escaped from edema. Conclusion Focal brain edema was very common in the patient with head injury. Taper shape's formation and escape of cortex may mainly attribute to the difference in construction topology and blood supply between cerebral white and gray matter.

Objective To introduce our experience of treating Pilon fractures with an articulated and spanning external fixator. Methods From February 2002 to June 2004, 19 patients with high energy Pilon fractures (21 sides) were treated with a T- shaped unilateral articulated and spanning external fixator in our department. The fixators were placed medial1y across the ankle joint, and the fixation of fracture was enhanced by a combined use of limited internal fixation. The main causes of injury were traffic accidents and high altitude falling. The distal 2 pins were inserted into the talus and the tuberosity of calcaneus so that the subtalar joint was treated as an axis during ankle movement. At approximately postoperative 2 or 3 weeks, the articular hinge was released and the patient began ankle exercises. The clinical outcomes and complications were investigated and the postoperative X- ray examinations of the ankle were also evaluated. Results 19 patients were followed up for a mean period of 13 months. No infection of wound or pin site, no neurovascular complication or no nonunion was found. According to Baird & Jackson ankle joint scoring system, their functional evaluation of the ankle scored from 72 to 98 (averaging 92). Clinical results were excellent in 4, good in 12, fair in 3 and poor in 2. Reduction of the articular surface was anatomic in 16, fair in 3 and poor in 2 according to Burwell & Charnley classification. Conclusions External fixation with an articulated and spanning fixator combined with limited internal fixation is a satisfying technique to treat Pilon fractures. This technique can restore anatomical articular surface, allow early ankle joint motion, effectively decrease complications of both wound and bone healing, and prevent ankle joint stiffness after fixation.

BACKGROUND:Recently,open reduction and internal fixation has become an important therapy for pelvic and acetabular fracture. However,screw penetration sometimes occurs,which damage vessels or nerves in the pelvic cavity. OBJECTIVE:To measure the best entry points,direction and length of screw in acetabular anterior column fracture lag screw internal fixation technique. DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING:Measurement experiment was performed at the Department of Anatomy,Medical School of Shandong University from June to October 2008. MATERIALS:A total of 20 semi-pelvic specimens of adult male cadavers were used to make serial cross-sections of the acetabular anterior column. METHODS:In single screw technique,the horizontal distance OP and vertical distance PQ from entry point O to apex of greater sciatic notch Q were measured,and screw length was measured. In double screw technique,the horizontal distance O1P1,O2P2 and vertical distance P1Q,P2Q from entry point O1 of the inner screw and entry point O2 of the outer screw,respectively to apex of greater sciatic notch Q were measured. The length of inner screw and outer screw were measured respectively. Angle ? on sagittal plane and the angle ? on coronal plane of the screw were determined. All data were put into software SPSS 10.0 for statistical analysis. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:The entry points,direction and length of screw in acetabular anterior column fracture lag screw internal fixation technique RESULTS:Single screw technique:the length of OP and PQ was (23.5?2.2) mm and (16.8?1.6) mm respectively; the length of lag screw was (84.9?4.7) mm. Double screw technique:the length of O1P1 and P1Q was (26.3?2.3) mm and (13.6?1.4) mm,respectively,and the length of medial lag screw was (69.8?4.1) mm; the length of O2P2 and P2Q was (20.7?2.1) mm and (20.1?1.8) mm,and the length of lateral lag screw was (61.2?3.7) mm. Angle ? was (123.4 ? 4.1)? and angle ? (62.2 ? 5.8)?. CONCLUSION:The entry point of single screw technique lies in the summit of greater sciatic notch 17 mm outward,vertical to the medial margin of the posterior column,24 mm upward,parallel to the medial margin of the posterior column; the length of the screw is 85 mm. The entry point of medial screw in double screw technique lies in 14 mm outward,vertical to the medial margin of the posterior column,and 26 mm upward,parallel to the medial margin of the posterior column; the length of the screw is 70 mm. The entry point of lateral screw in double screw technique lies in 20 mm outward,vertical to the medial margin of the posterior column,and 21 mm upward,parallel to the medial margin of the posterior column; the length of the screw is 61 mm. The angle of lag screw with respect to the parallel line of the medial margin of the posterior column is 123?,and the angle lag screw with respect to the vertical line of the medial margin of the posterior column is 62?. The position of the lag screw must be confined by intraoperative fluoroscopy in multiple projections.