Objective To study the protective effects of Tianma xingnao capsule on brain blood circulation in mice and rats.Methods The arteria carotis externa was ligated,and arteria carotis interna was kept.The left carotid artery was exposed and placed over an ultrasonic flow probe.The brain flow volume was recorded with an Ultrasonic Volume.The pursiness time of mice was observed to evaluate the effect of Tianma xingnao capsule on cerebral ischemia and anoxia.The permeability of normal blood-cerebral barrier was investigated in mice.Results Tianma xingnao capsule significantly increased brain blood flow and prolonged mouse pursiness time.Tianma xingnao capsule at a dose of 4 g/kg significantly elevated the content of Evans in mouse brain.Conclusions Tianma xingnao capsule can increase the brain blood flow in rats and improve brain blood circulation in mice.It is obviously advantageous to protect against cerebral ischemia and hypoxia.

Objective:To observe the impacts of herb-partitioned moxibustion,warm moxibustion and electroacupuncture on the basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF)and collagen type Ⅰ(Col Ⅰ)in colons of rats with Crohn' disease(CD),and discuss the mechanism of acupuncture therapy on the intestinal fibrosis in CD.Methods:The model rats were developed by TNBS as multiple proinflammatory method.The rats were randomly divided into 5 groups:a normal group,a model group,a warm moxibustion group,an electroacupuncture group and a herb-partitioned moxibustion group.The treatments were carried out at Tianshu(ST 25)(bilateral)and Qihai(CV 6)in different treatments.The immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression position of Col Ⅰ and bFGF.Results:The expressions of Col Ⅰ and bFGF in colons of rots in the model group significantly increased(compared with the normal group,P<0.01).After the herb-partitioned moxibustion,warm moxibustion and electroacupuncture,the expressions of Col Ⅰ and bFGF reduced markedly in the rats with CD(P<0.01).The expression of bFGF and Col Ⅰ in the colons had an obvious correlation in the Spearman rank correlation analysis.Conclusion:Acupuncture treatment reduced the abnormally high levels of expressions for Col Ⅰ and bFGF in colons.Col Ⅰ and bFGF participated in the fibrosis.Acupuncture treatment may reduce the bFGF expression in colons to regulate the excessive deposition,treating the intestinal fibrosis in CD.

Objeetive To analyze the clinical efficacy of liver transplantation (OLT) for patients with hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS).Methods From 2008 to 2013,420 adult patients underwent liver transplantation in our hospital.There were 91 patients with,and 329 patients without,HPS.The 5-year survival and mortality rates after OLT for the two groups were retrospectively analyzed.Results There were no significant differences between patients without and with HPS in age,primary disease,Child-Pugh score,MELD score,cold ischemia time and warm ischemia time.However,the differences on serum albumin [(29.6 ± 1.2) g/L vs.(26.4 ± 1.6) g/L] and blood oxygen pressure [(61.0 ±9.0) mmHg (1 mmHg =0.133 kPa) vs.(87.0 ± 6.0) mmHg] were significantly different (P ＜ 0.05).The 1-year cure rate was 65.9％ (60/91) in 91 patients with HPS after liver transplantation.The 1,3,5-year cumulative survival rates for patients without HPS were 97.3％,90.9％ and 80.3％,respectively,and the main causes of death were primary graft dysfunction,recurrent cardiovascular events and primary disease recurrence or tumors.The 1,3,5-year cumulative survival rates for patients with HPS were 65.9％,59.3％ and 56.0％,and the main causes of death were multiple-organ failure,pulmonary infection and cerebrovascular events.Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis showed that the survival of patients with HPS was significantly lower than that of patients without HPS (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Liver transplantation is the most effective treatment for patients with HPS,but the short-term mortality rate is relatively high.We still need to learn more about HPS to improve the survival rate of patients with HPS after liver transplantation.

OBJECTIVEThis study investigated the thrombolitic effect of Tianma Xinnao capsule and its preliminary mechanism, as well as the effect on coagulation system.

METHODCharlton's and Tomihisa's methods were modified to investigate the thrombolytic effect of Tianma Xinnao capsule. The activities of type 1 plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1) and tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA) in rabbit plasma were assayed by use of ELISA. The effects of Tianma Xinnao capsule were also evaluated on euglobulin lysis time (ELT), prothrombin time (PT), kaolin partial thromboplastin time (KPTT), thrombin time (TT), fibrinogen (Fib) and hemorheology.

RESULTThe results showed that Tianma Xinnao capsule had a dose-dependent thrombolytic effect in rats. Tianma Xinnao capsule at 0.6 and 1.2 g x kg(-1) produced 40% and 50% of reperfusion rate, while obtained 50% and 40% of reocclusion rate; 0.3 g x kg(-1) of Tianma Xinnao capsule, however, had no effect on the reperfusion or reocclusion rate. Tianma Xinnao capsule significantly inhibited PAI-1 activity, while elevated tPA activity in rabbit plasma. Tianma Xinnao capsule markedly prolonged ELT, PT, and KPTT, and decreased Fib level. Tianma Xinnao capsule showed no significant influence on TT or high, medium, or low sheering viscosity.

CONCLUSIONIt is indicated that Tianma Xinnao capsule inhibited PAI-1 activity and increased tPA activity, and this property of Tianma Xinnao capsule is assigned to be responsible for the thrombolytic effect.

Animals ; Blood Coagulation ; drug effects ; Blood Viscosity ; drug effects ; Capsules ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Male ; Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 ; metabolism ; Rabbits ; Rats ; Thrombosis ; blood ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Tissue Plasminogen Activator ; metabolism