Autoimmune diseases can present as different forms of sleep disorders, such as narcolepsy, insomnia, and sleep-related breathing disorders. These disorders can be life-threatening in severe cases. However, the lack of awareness of immune-related sleep disorders, along with the absence of uniform diagnostic and treatment standards, may lead to frequent missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis. This article will review the concepts, classification, pathogenesis, clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of immune-related sleep disorders, aimed at deepening the understanding of the diseases as well as facilitating early diagnosis and treatment.