Malignant gliomas cells grow invasively with no clear boundary,and a complete resection surgery is very difficult,and the pathological type is not sensitive to radiotherapy and chemotherapy,so the overall treatment effect is not ideal,and this disease is very prone to local recurrence after treatment.The treatment of malignant glioma is mainly composed of surgical resection with postoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy.Other new treatments include targeted therapy,immune therapy,gene therapy and so on.

Objective To study the genotype and phylogenetic characterization of the pathogens associated to the epidemic outbreak of acute gastroenteritis.Methods A total of 19 anal swab and feces samples from acute gastroenteritis outbreak in a junior middle school were collected in November 2014,Anhui province.Norovirus (NoV) nucleic acid was detected by Real-time PCR method,and the partial capsid gene of the all positive specimens were amplified by conventional RT-PCR and sequenced.Phylogenetic tree was constructed by the Neighbor-Joining method based on partial capsid gene sequences of norovirus to perform phylogenetic analysis.Results Of the 19 specimens,12 (12/19) were positive for NoV,and the positive samples of those were sequenced.Phylogenetic analysis showed that 11 strains were belong to genotype GⅡ.2,and one strain was belong to genotype GⅡ.6 norovirus.The nucleotide identity of the partial capsid gene sequences were 95.60％ between 11 genotype GⅡ.2 strains identified and Melksham strain of norovirus.Conclusion The epidemic outbreak of acute gastroenteritis from Anhui province was caused by genotype GⅡ.2 and GⅡ.6 norovirus co-infection,and genotype GⅡ.2 norovirus was predominant strains in this outbreak.

External beam radiotherapy (EBRT) is one of the important treatment of thyroid cancer. EBRT is still controversial in some aspects of differentiated thyroid cancer. With the development of radiotherapy technology, improvement of equipment and accuracy, treatment complications caused by EBRT are significantly reduced. As a result, EBRT is valued again in the treatment of thyroid cancer, and its indications have been broadened. How to improve the curative effect and guarantee the quality of life becomes the focus of attention. EBRT may be an effective treatment for specific stage and pathological type of thyroid cancer. The multidisciplinary approach is expected to benefit more patients in the future.