Objective　To study the clinical features and operative methods for patients with hepatic tuberculosis.Methods　The clinical features、diagnosis、operative methods and the location of tuberculosis focus in the liver were analysed in 8 patients.Results　Difinite preoperative diagnosis could be reached in none of the 8 patients.Surgical procedure included focus remove (5 cases) and deroof plus drainage (3 cases).The diagnosis of hepatic tuberculosis was proved by pathological examination.Conclusions　Surgical resection plus anti-tuberculosis drugs are the mainstay for the treatment of patients with hepatic tuberculosis.

Objective To study the clinical features and operative methods for patients with hepatic tuberculosis.Methods The clinical features、diagnosis、operative methods and the location of tuberculosis focus in the liver were analysed in 8 patients. Results Difinite preoperative diagnosis could be reached in none of the 8 patients. Surgical procedure included focus remove (5 cases) and deroof plus drainage (3 cases). The diagnosis of hepatic tuberculosis was proved by pathological examination. [WT5”HZ]Conclusions Surgical resection plus anti tuberculosis drugs are the mainstay for the treatment of patients with hepatic tuberculosis.

Objective To evaluate the clinical and pathological features and treatment of primary hepatocellular carcinoma invading on to the bile duct.[WT5”HZ]Methods [WT5”BZ]39 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma of icteric type were collected in our hospital.[WT5”HZ]Results [WT5”BZ]The incidence was 6% in all hepatocellular carcinoma patients.Preoperative correct diagnosis was achieved in only 33% of the 39 cases.The positive diagnostic rate of B ultrasound and CT was 88% and 80%respectively,and 49% of cases suffered from intraportal thrombi concomitantly.[WT5”HZ]Conclusion [WT5”BZ]Preoperative correct diagnosis depends on image test,hepatectomy with biliary duct drainage is the mainstay for treatment.

Objective To study the clinical features and treatment on hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) with obstructive jaundice as primary symptom. Method We collected 39 cases of patients of HCC with obstructive jaundice as primary symptom in our hospital,the clinical features and treatments were studyed.Results The incidence of such patients was 6.3% in all HCC patients and all patients were operaed;the positive diagnostic rate of B ultrasonud and T was 88.2% and 80% respectively ,it was 48.7% in cases with intraportal thrombi.Conclutions Preperative correct diagnosis depends on image test,hepatectomy with biliary duct drainage is the mainstay for treatment .

Objective To report the design and manufacture of a novel orientation device of elbow rotation center.Methods The anatomical data of distal humeral elbow were obtained from 3 reports on the anatomy of the distal humerus retrieved from CNKI from 2004 through 2014.Software UGS.0 NX,CAD/CAM animation and video were used to design the 3D model of our novel orientation device of elbow rotation center.The glass fiber physical model of the device was manufactured using 3D printing technology.Five healthy volunteers were recruited for a simulated surgery experiment to test the efficacy and accuracy of the device,including 4 males and 1 female,from 25 to 36 years of age.Results No change was observed before and after the device was disinfected regarding the length (129 mm),width (116 mm) or height (215 mm),or other shapes.Satisfactory X-ray images of the elbow were obtained in the 5 volunteers.The fluoroscopy frequency required ranged from 6 to 11 times,averaging 8.2 times.The time needed for orientation ranged from 442.2 to 554 seconds,averaging 489.2 seconds.Conclusions Our self-designed orientation device can be used to accurately position and orientate the rotation center of elbow joint,showing its reasonable design.Glass fiber materials can be used to manufacture our orientation device.

Objective To summarize countermeasures on common problems of microendoscopic discectomy(MED). Methods Microendoscopic discectomy was performed in 104 cases of lumbar disc herniation by using the MED system(Sofamor Danek Group,USA).Frequently encountered problems during the operation were reviewed and summarized. Results Conversions to open surgery were required in 4 out of 104 cases due to bleeding or adherence.Among the rest of 100 cases,dural injury occurred in 3 cases,with 1 case accompanying leakage of cerebrospinal fluid.Of the 100 cases(115 intervertebral spaces),the average operation time was 50 min(range,30~90 min) and the average hemorrhage amount was 80 ml(range,20~400 ml) for each intervertebral space.The 100 cases were followed for 3~32 months(average,18 months).According to the Macnab criteria,the curative effects were classified as excellent in 65 cases,good in 29 cases,and fair in 6,the rate of excellent or good effects being 94.0%(94/100). Conclusions The most frequent problems during MED are bleeding and prolonged excision of the ligamenta flava.Strict adherence to technique,acquaintance with the weakness of the ligamenta flava,and familiarity with anatomic structures of the vertebral vein system and its relationship with abdominal pressure,are very important in the prevention and treatments of surgical complications.

Objective This study was designed to evaluate the biomechanical properties in tendons across the joints when Palmar or dorsal stitches were used. Methods Twenty porcine tendons were transected and then repaired in zone Ⅱand divided into two groups,using modified Kessler by placing the stitches in volar or dorsal part of tendons.The repaired tendons were placed on a joint model with flexion of 60?. An instron tensile testing machine was used to investigate 2 mm gap formation force and ultimate tensile strength. Results 2 mm gap formation force and ultimate tensile strength were both higher when dorsal placement of stitches was used. Conclusions Dorsal placement of stitches was recommended for repairing the tendons across the joints because it can offer greater tensile strength.

The application of network and multimedia technology in combination with bilingual teaching in orthopedics is explored which not only promotes the use of multimedia technology in teaching,but also enhances students' understanding ability for professional knowledge.Moreover,it can enhance students' learning interest in medical English and medical knowledge,thus promoting education effectively.

[Objective] To explore the relationship between brittle diabetes and yin fire, so as to more comprehensively understand fragile diabetes from TCM, broaden the clinical diagnosis and treatment, and improve the clinical curative effect. [Methods] The theory of yin-fire theory was summarized, and the relationship between brittle diabetes and yin-fire was expounded from the aspects of academic origin, pathological basis, clinical manifestation and so on, proposed treatment principles and prescriptions.[Result] The yin fire theory originated from Nei Jing. Yin and yang do not rise, wet muddy bets, endogenous fire, the fire is too weak. Fever is the reason for the formation of diabetes, Yin fire is an important reason for fluctuations in blood sugar; brittle diabetes expelling Bu Zhong Yi Qi, lifting fine, Xie Yin fire, from Dongyuan Qingshu Yiqi Decoction to the treatment of fragile diabetes sugar made a good effect. [Conclusion] The theory of yin fire has important practical significance for diabetes, especially brittle diabetes. It is a new idea and method to treat brittle diabetes by the thought and method.

Objective To evalvate the influence of elbow joint stability following ulna coronoid process fractures. Methods Three cadaveric upper extremities were used. The height, width, thickness, diameter and opening angle of ulna coronoid process were measured in six arms, while the coronoid process fragments at the level of 2 mm, quarter, half, three quarter and whole height were resected consecutively, the changes of the range of the elbow joint movement were recorded. Another sixteen specimens were divided into two groups: the anterior bundle of the ulnar collateral ligaments (UCL) in one group was unrepaired; While the other repaired, then the angle of cubitus valgus between two groups was compared. Results If the osteotomy bone was within quarter of ulna coronoid process, the elbow joint function was good. However, in cases of osteotomy on half of coronoid process, the elbow extension function was limited and the elbow became unstable. After reduction with internal fixation, the angle of cubitus valgus was greater in the second group, and the difference of elbow joint in flexion 0?, 30?, 60?, 90? and 120? had statistical significance(P