OBJECTIVE: To optimize the therapeutic regimen for acute cerebral infarction for clinical reference. METHODS: Medical records of patients in who acute cerebral infarction occurred for the first time in a hospital during 2003～2006 were analyzed statistically in respect of drug use. RESULTS: In terms of DDDs, dehydrants, diuretics, platelet aggregation inhibitors, promoting cerebral circulation agents and supportive drugs took the lead in this hospital. The DDDs of drugs used for complications in descending order were antiinfectives, hypotensors, and drugs for heart diseases. CONCLUSION: The drugs used for inpatients with acute cerebral infarction varied in kinds; therefore, clinical choice of drugs and the rationality of drug use remain to be further studied.

Gossypol is a kind of yellow polyphenolic compounds extracted from root,stem and seed of the cotton plant. It had received significant attention for its potential application as a male antifertility agent. Then it was used to treat female hormone-dependent diseases,for instance,endometriosis,hysteromyoma,uterine bleeding and dysmenorrheal. Current recent researches showed that gossypol has multiple biological activities,such as anti-inflammatory,antimalarial,antiviral,antioxidant activities and so on,especially the activity to induce tumor cell apoptosis.

Gossypol is a kind of yellow polyphenolic compounds extracted from root, stem and seed of the cotton plant. It had received significant attention for its potential application as a male antifertility agent. Then it was used to treat female hormone-dependent diseases, for instance, endometriosis, hysteromyoma, uterine bleeding and dys-menorrheal. Current recent researches showed that gossypol has multiple biological activities, such as anti-inflammatory , antimalarial, antiviral, antioxidant activities and so on, especially the activity to induce tumor cell apoptosis.

This review describes the observations that constitutive ATM activation (CAA) and H2AX phosphoryla-tion (CHP) caused by endogenous oxidants in normal cells as well in tumor cell lines.This review also reported the findings on differences in CAA and CHP on the effects of several agents and growth conditions.

With its important functions as load-bearing, shock absorption, stabilization, lubrication and congruency, the meniscus plays an important part in the complex biomechanics of the knee joint. Therefore it is still a challenging question for knee surgeons to reconstruct the function of meniscus which was injured or resected. This review details current efforts to transplant or to replace a meniscus.

Plant expression cassette for TaDREB from wheat was constructed into plasmid pBIR1.Aloe stems were used as explants for the transformation mediated by Agrobaterium.Infected tissues were selected using G418 to generate transformants.In total,58 resistant plantlets to the antibiotics were obtained from the infected explants.The designed primers according to the selective gene npt II and the target gene TaDREB were used to analyze all of the G418 resistant plantlets.PCR results demonstrated that TaDREB were successful transferred into aloe genomic with the transformation efficiency of 0.5%.The transgenic aloe plants were treated under 4℃ for two weeks and then at-20℃ for 30min.The treatment showed that the leaves of negative plants appeared severe evidence of freeze injury with brown,withered and translucent,while the positive plants appeared good growing condition.The activities of enzymes such as peroxidase(POD)and superoxide dismutase(SOD)of transgenic plants which were stressed for 14 days under low temperature were analyzed.The results indicated that the trend of SOD and POD activities in transgenic plants was down-up-up-up,and that in non-transgenic plants was down-up-down-down.The average value of relative electrical conductivity in the positive plants was 0.456 which was lower than 0.685 in the negative plants.It is supposed that transformation of the kind of gene could improve the resistant ability of aloe to low temperature.

Objective To examine the effect of Pu-Erh tea extract(PTE) on genes expression of lipogenesis in white adipose tissue of rats fed high fat diet.Method Thirty male SD rats were randomly divided into three groups(n=10):the control group(basal diet);the high fat group(high fat diet);the PTE group(high fat diet + Pu-Erh tea extract).Body weight and adipose tissue were measured.Expression of genes regulating lipid metabolism was assessed in adipose tissue.Results PTE supplementation prevented diet-induced increases in body weight and adipose tissue.Diacylglycerol acyltransferase-1(DGAT1),stearoyl-CoA desalurase-1(SCD1) and sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c(SREBP-1c) mRNA levels were markedly decreased in adipose tissue of rats fed PTE.Conclusion This study shows for the first time that Pu-Erh tea extract prevents diet-induced obesity,and this effect is partly mediated via a direct influence on adipose tissue.

Aim: To study the effects of Clostridium difficile toxin A on the cytotoxity and apoptosis of human hep-atoma cell line SMMC-7721. Methods: Clone inhibiting experiment and MTT calorimetric assay were used to assay SMMC-7721 proliferation. Morphological changes relevant to the apoptosis and the DNA damage were analyzed by transmission electron microscope and single cell gel assay. The number of apoptosis cells and the expression of Bcl-2 and p53 protein were detected by the flow cytometry. Results: 0. 018- 4. 690 mg/L toxin A significantly decreased the colony information of SMMC-7721 cells, and greatly inhibited SMMC-7721 proliferation in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. Morphological changes related to apoptosis were evident under transmission electron microscope and DNA damage was detected by single cell gel assay when SMMC-7721 cultured with 4. 690 mg/L toxin A for 48 h. Toxin A 0. 0734. 690 mg/L induced apoptosis in SMMC-7721 cells from 6. 8% to 41. 8%. In addition, Toxin A 0. 293-4. 690 mg/L significant decreased Bcl-2 protein expression and increased p53 protein expression in SMMC-7721. Conclusion: These results showed that clostridium difficile toxin A had a significantly cytotoxicity in human SMMC-7721 which was attributed to toxin A induced apoptosis.

Targeted therapeutic strategy for cancer stem cells (CSCs) is the key to prevent tumor relapse and metastasis. The im-portant roles of epigenetic regulation on the development of stem cells and gene reprogram of somatic cells suggest that this process may remarkably affect the occurrence and development of CSCs. The epigenome, which comprises DNA methylation, histone modifica-tions, chromatin structures, and non-coding RNAs, controls gene expression patterns. In renal cell carcinoma (RCC), aberrant changes occur in the epigenome. To date, cells with CSC properties from RCC have been successfully isolated using different methods, such as sorting using the Hoechst 33342 side population, forming tumor spheroid, and sorting CD105 cell surface biomarker. According to the progress in genetic studies on RCC, in addition to DNA sequence, the abnormality in the regulatory mechanism has considerable func-tions in tumor progression. Epigenetic changes may be integral to the behavior of cancer progenitor cells and their progeny. Knowledge on epigenetics in renal tumorigenesis process is beneficial in the development of new therapeutic modalities and may deliver new prog-nostic and early diagnostic markers. This paper reviews the latest development in the study of RCC stem cells and the underlying mech-anisms of epigenetic regulation on the development of CSCs in RCC.

BACKGROUND:The biological function of human periodontal ligament stem cells is a hot area of research in the treatment of periodontal disease. Human periodontal ligament cells are one of the end cells derived from human periodontal ligament stem cells;meanwhile, it can also provide supports to the development of human periodontal ligament stem cells. However, few studies are reported about the difference of biological characteristics between human periodontal ligament stem cells and human periodontal ligament cells. OBJECTIVE:To compare the differences of biological characteristics between human periodontal ligament stem cells and human periodontal ligament cells. METHODS:The human periodontal ligament stem cells and human periodontal ligament cells were isolated and purified using tissue explant method and cellclone method, respectively, and then were observed under light microscope to compare the differences of morphology. cellproliferation curves of human periodontal ligament stem cells and human periodontal ligament cells were drawn respectively with cellcounting kit 8 assay. Flow cytometry analysis was used to detect their cellcircles and their surface markers expressions. The alkaline phosphatase gene, proliferating cellnuclear antigen gene and Scleraxis gene of human periodontal ligament stem cells and human periodontal ligament cells were detected by Real-time PCR assay.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The human periodontal ligament stem cells and human periodontal ligament cells showed a notable difference in morphology under the light microscope observation. During the first 5 days, the cellproliferation curve of human periodontal ligament stem cells was lower than that of human periodontal ligament cells, but 5 days later, the curve of human periodontal ligament stem cells was significantly higher than that of human periodontal ligament cells. The cellcircles of human periodontal ligament stem cells and human periodontal ligament cells were 41.1%and 23.9%, respectively. The surface markers of human periodontal ligament stem cells and human periodontal ligament cells were similar, but their expression rates had significant difference. The expressions of alkaline phosphatase gene, proliferating cellnuclear antigen gene and Scleraxis gene of human periodontal ligament stem cells were significantly higher than those of human periodontal ligament cells. The above results suggest that human periodontal ligament stem cells have much stronger potential ability than human periodontal ligament cells in osteogensis and cellproliferation.