Adolescent ; Catheter Ablation ; instrumentation ; Equipment Failure ; Female ; Foreign Bodies ; etiology ; Humans ; Pulmonary Artery ; Silicones

To obtain the caries experience and, plaque accumulation severity and pit and fissure morphology in first permanent molars in 7-8 children in Wuhan, as a reasonable prediction of caries risk and preventive attention in the future, a convenient sample of five primary schools in the vicinity of the Wuhan University School and Hospital of Stomatology was drawn. Two calibrated examiners orally examined all present grade 2 children in the classroom, using standard caries plaque and tooth morphology criteria. Dental caries was scored at enamel (D(2)) and dentine (D(3)) for tooth and surface level. Independent variables were age, gender and school. Data analysis used analysis of variance and t-test. The sample comprised 1 043 7- and 8-year-olds. The prevalence of dental caries in permanent dentition was 8.7% and in primary dentition, 68.7%. Mean Decayed, Missing, Filled Teeth/S (DMFT/S) scores were 0.11 and 0.14, respectively. Mean dmft/s scores were 2.8 and 5.0. The d-component constituted 75% of the d(3)mft index, while enamel carious lesions constituted 36% of the total number of carious lesions (d(2,3)-component). Prevalence of medium and deep pits and fissures was 84.6%. Prevalence of medium and severe plaque accumulation was 67.4%. Prevalence of dental caries in the deciduous and permanent dentitions of 7- to 8-year-old children was high. Deep pits and fissures in high caries risk children should be sealed.
Child ; China ; epidemiology ; DMF Index ; Dental Caries ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; Dental Enamel ; pathology ; Dental Fissures ; pathology ; Dental Plaque Index ; Dentin ; pathology ; Dentition, Permanent ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Molar ; pathology ; Prevalence ; Tooth, Deciduous

To introduce scientific research innovation into undergraduate education, cultivating innovative talents has been an urgent mission of current higher education. This article reviewed our experience, with the introduction of producing-studying-researching platform built on original innovative achievements of Chongqing medical university,of training physical medicine physician to be practical talents of large-scale diagnostic and therapeutic medical equipments, and was aimed to explore introducing producing-studying-researching platform into undergraduate education as well as improve personnel training quality of undergraduates.

Objective To evaluate the damage caused by high intensity ultrasound(HIU)on tumor micro- vessels.Methods Rabbit models of the VX_2 tumor were set up.The target hepatic carcinomas were treated with HIU,and the results were observed using hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining,vascular endothelial cell biotinylated-ulex europaeus agglutininiⅠ(UEAI)immunohistochemical staining,tumor micro-vessel counts,and electron microscopy. Results Histological examination through HE staining indicated that HIU induced carcinoma vascularities with whole tumor tissue coagulative necrosis.The UEAI immunohistochemical staining of the target lesions treated by HIU was ne- gative,and complete tumor micro-vessel uhrastructure damage was observed under the electron microscope.Conclu- sion HIU can damage tumor micro-vessels thoroughly,in such way that it may inhibit tumor growth and metastasis.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of Kangquan Recipe (KQR) on sex steroids and cell proliferation in an experimental benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) model in rats.

METHODSSeventy-two SD rats were randomly divided into six groups: the normal group, the model group, the finasteride group, and the low-, middle-, and high-dose KQR groups, 12 in each group. Except those in the normal group, the rats were injected with testosterone after castration for the establishment of BPH model and then given respectively with normal saline, finasteride, and low-, middle-, and high-dose of KQR for 30 days. The levels of plasma testosterone (T) and estradiol (E(2)) were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the mRNA expression ) of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in prostate tissue was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) after administration.

RESULTSCompared with the model group, the prostate weight, the plasma T, and the mRNA expression of PCNA were significantly lower, and the plasma E(2) and the ratio of E(2)/T were higher in the three KQR groups (P<0.05 or P<0.01). There was no significant difference in the prostate weight, plasma T and E(2), and ratio of E(2)/T among the finasteride group and the three KQR groups (P>0.05). The mRNA expressions of PCNA were significantly higher in the middle- and low-dose of KQR groups than those in the finasteride group (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONKQR shows multitarget effects on experimental BPH rats, and the mechanism might be related with regulating the balance of plasma T and E(2) and decreasing the PCNAmRNA expression in prostate tissue to restrain cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner.

Animals ; Body Weight ; drug effects ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cookbooks as Topic ; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Gonadal Steroid Hormones ; blood ; metabolism ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Organ Size ; drug effects ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen ; genetics ; metabolism ; Prostate ; drug effects ; pathology ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; blood ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Experimental investigations were conducted on the process of combustion and explosion vent in a 200 mm (diameter) x 400 mm (length) vertical cylindrical vessel. When CH(4)-air mixture gases were used and the vent diameter was 55 mm, conditions of Phi (equivalent ratio)=0.8, Phi=1.0 and Phi=1.3 and two ignition positions (at the cylinder center and bottom) were selected. The venting processes and the correlated factors are discussed in this paper.

OBJECTIVETo study effects of body mass index (BMI) on postoperative outcome in patients with osteoarthritis after total knee arthroplasty (TKA).

METHODSThe data of 148 patients with osteoarthritis who underwent TKA from June 2006 to May 2009 in our hospital and had complete follow-up data were analyzed restrospectively, including 29 males and 119 females, ranging in age from 39 to 89 years old, with an average age of 71.2 years old. According to BMI classification standard, all the patients were divided into 4 groups: non-obese group (BMI ≤ 25.0 kg/m2), had 38 patients (45 knees), including 9 males and 29 females, with a mean age of (70.0 ± 8.2) years old; overweight group (BMI 25.1 to 27.0 kg/m2), had 40 patients (48 knees), including 10 males and 30 females, with a mean age of (72.6 ± 7.4) years old; obesity group (BMI 27.1 to 30.0 kg/ m2), had 30 patients (43 knees), including 7 males and 30 females, with a mean age of (70.4 ± 6.0) years old; morbidly obesity group (BMI > 30.0 kg/m2), 33 patients (39 knees), including 3 males and 30 females, with a mean age of (71.7 ± 6.4) years old. The index such as Knee Society Score (KSS), anterior knee pain and patella cartilage damage during surgery were recorded before surgery and at the time of follow-up.

RESULTSPostoperative KSS increased significantly compared to preoperative KSS, and the good rate reached to 97.1%. In the knee score, preoperative KSS and postoperative KSS had no significant differences among the four groups (preoperative P = -0.789; postoperative P = 0.133). However, compared with other groups, obesity group got the lowest preoperative function score (preoperative P = 0.036; postoperative P = 0.225). While the incidence of anterior knee pain was 9.7% (17/175), including 14 grade I and 3 grade II. There were no significant differences in incidence of anterior knee pain among four groups (χ2 = 0.764, P = 0.862). The average BMI of the patients with anterior knee pain was (27.4 ± 3.6) kg/m2, while the others' BMI was (27.5 ± 4.4) kg/m2. There was no statistically difference between two groups (t = -0.061, P = 0.951). There were no significant differences in patella cartilage damage among groups (χ2 = 7.070, P = 0.314).

CONCLUSIONThe KSS increases in all the different groups. Those patients get the benefit from TKA, and the obese patients can receive a similar postoperative outcome as the non-obese ones.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee ; Body Mass Index ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Osteoarthritis ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo study the apoptotic effect and mechanisms of methylmercury (MeHg) on HL-7702 cell line in vitro.

METHODSIn this study, the cell apoptosis was observed by AO/EB method and FCM method; the mitochondrial membrane potential was detected by FCM; and the expression of proteins related to apoptosis was measured by immunocytochemical method.

RESULTSAfter exposure to MeHg for 24 h in different doses, apoptotic rate ascended with the increasing of MeHg concentration. By AO/EB method, cell apoptotic ratio of negative control group was (2.62 +/- 0.19)%, cell apoptotic ratio of 10-50 micromol/L exposure groups were (7.97 +/- 0.64)%, (12.66 +/- 0.76)%, (19.16 +/- 0.87)%, (18.42 +/- 0.88)%, and (11.52 +/- 0.63)%, there were significant differences between the exposure and negative control groups (q values were 17.057, 32.009, 52.732, 50.373, 28.375; P<0.05). Mitochondrial membrane potential descended with the increase of MeHg, mitochondrial membrane potential of negative control group was (10.23 +/- 3.43) mV, mitochondrial membrane potential of 10-50 micromol/L exposure groups were (3.25 +/- 0.66), (3.03 +/- 0.35), (1.68 +/- 1.26), (1.69 +/- 1.13) and (1.77 +/- 0.88) mV, and there was significant differences between exposure and negative control groups (q values were 9.569, 9.871, 11.722, 11.708, 11.598; P<0.05). The expression of Bax, Bcl-2, CytC, Caspase-3 and AIF enhanced with the increase of MeHg, Bax/Bcl-2 ratio also appeared a trend of increase. Bax expression integral optical density (IOD) of negative control group was (21295.86 +/- 1969.81), Bax expression IOD of 10, 20, 30 micromol/L groups were 42807.87 +/- 4416.64, 55651.65 +/- 4662.72, and 72708.56 +/- 910.10, there were significant differences in Bax expression between 10, 20, 30 micromol/L groups and negative control group (q values were 14.191, 14.320, 33.917; P<0.05); Bcl-2 expression IOD of negative control group was (12588.33 +/- 4091.02), Bcl-2 expression IOD of 10, 20, 30 micromol/L groups were 20539.16 +/- 4906.09, 23689.97 +/- 2281.42, and 28692.80 +/- 4655.86, there were significant differences in Bcl-2 expression between 10, 20, 30 micromol/L groups and negative control group (q values were 4.322, 6.035, 8.754; P<0.05); and AIF expression IOD of negative control group was (12942.72 +/- 457.94), AIF expression IOD of 10, 20, 30, 40 micromol/L groups were 16973.57 +/- 1922.87, 29998.91 +/- 6803.58, 52467.16 +/- 1916.25 and 106342.53 +/- 1273.19, there were significant differences in AIF expression between 20, 30 and 40 micromol/L groups and negative control group (q values were 11.449, 26.530, 62.692; P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONMeHg could induce apoptosis on HL-7702 cell line in vitro. The mechanisms could be related to mitochondrial pathway in apoptosis.

Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cell Line ; Flow Cytometry ; Hepatocytes ; cytology ; drug effects ; Humans ; Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial ; drug effects ; Methylmercury Compounds ; pharmacology ; Mitochondrial Proteins ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo use a new kind of fixing material, i.e. Sol-Gel organic-inorganic hybridized material to immobilize bacterium to detect Biochemical oxygen demand quickly.

METHODSThe biosensor was fabricated using a thin film in which Hansenula anomala was immobilized by sol-gel and an oxygen electrode. The optimum measurement for biochemical oxygen demand was at pH 7.0; 28 degrees C; response time 3 - 12 min. Pure organic compound, sewage and rate of recovery were detected with the biosensor.

RESULTSIt shows that the BOD biosensor can be used to detect many organic compounds such as amino acid, glucide. It is suitable to monitor sewage and industrial waste water which has low level alcohols and phenols. The microbial membrane can work 3 months and remain its 70% activity. It is measured that the rate of recovery of BOD is between 90% to 105% in sewage.

CONCLUSIONThe study confirmed the effectiveness and usefulness of BOD sensor, which is quick, convenient, low cost and reliable with little interference.

Bacteria ; Biosensing Techniques ; instrumentation ; Cells, Immobilized ; Gels ; Membranes, Artificial ; Nylons ; Oxygen ; analysis ; Sewage ; analysis ; microbiology

OBJECTIVETo study the surgical treatment of recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) injury caused by thyroid operation.

METHODSFrom 1970 to 2001, 50 patients with RLN injury were caused by thyroid operation. The causes, location, type, operative procedures and follow-up were retrospectively analyzed.

RESULTSUnilateral RLN injury occurred in 46 cases and bilateral nerve injury in 4 cases. The RLN injuries were located within 2cm below the point of RLN entering to throat in 45 nerves (83.3%), other places in 6 nerves (11.3%), and unknown location in 3 nerves (5.4%). Transection of the nerve was found in 19 nerves (36.5%), suture or scare pressing the nerve in 35 nerves (64.8%). All the injured nerves were repaired surgically. Meanwhile all 4 patients with bilateral RLN injuries underwent tracheotomy. Of the 50 cases, 44 cases (88.0%) were followed up for more than 1.5 years. Among the 44 followed-up patients, phonation was restored to normal or obvious improvement in 42 cases (95.5%), and improvement in 2 (4.5%). Of the 35 patients with 39 nerves underwent indirect or direct laryngoscopy, the affected vocal cord movement entirely recovered in 21 cords (53.8%), partially recovered in 7 cords (17.9%), uncovered in 11 cords (28.3%). There was no relation between the recovery of phonation or vocal cord movement with the timing or the procedure of repairing operation.

CONCLUSIONSThe location of most RLN injuries caused by thyroid surgery are just below the point of RLN entering to throat, and most are mechanical injury, and need operation to resolve the cause. Once the RLN injury is made, an operation should be performed as early as possible.

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Injuries ; Retrospective Studies ; Thyroidectomy ; adverse effects ; Treatment Outcome ; Vocal Cord Paralysis ; etiology ; surgery