Genomics ; methods ; Humans ; Microbiology

The construction of nano-bionic drug delivery system based on cells or cellular components is a research hotspot of novel drug delivery systems at present. The nano-bionic drug delivery system can integrate the characteristics not only high drug loading and controlled release of nano-carriers, but also good biocompatibility, low immunogenicity and natural targeting from bionic components of cell, and it can also integrate with flexible morphology from living cells. Among them, nano-bionic drug delivery system based on macrophages possesses a good prospect of clinical application because of phagocytic function, inherent tendency, deep penetration ability and potential in cell therapy of macrophages in the treatment of tumors. Based on this, this paper reviews the drug loading strategies of nano-bionic drug delivery system based on macrophages and its application in tumor therapy, so as to provide reference for the development of novel drug delivery systems.

Objective To understand the drug-resistance of MRSA patients in neurosurgery intensive care unit,raise the prevention of MRSA and provide doctors the basis for controlling it. Methods The 5 year(20012005) MRSA patients were tested by Kirby-Bauer in neurosurgery intensive care unit of a third-tier general hospital in Shanghai. Statistic and analysis the drug-resistance of the patients. Results The rates of 121 MRSA drug-resistance to penicillin G,erythromycin, ciprofloxacin, amikacin and the cephalosporins are 92.3 % to 100 %, totally senaitire to teicoplanin and vancomycin and lower drug-resistance to rifampin,netilmicin and fosfomycin, but it rapidly raised from 10.0 % (2001 ) to 95.2 % (2005) to sulfamethoxazole. Conclusion It is time to take care of the drug-resistance of MRSA. Prevention and use antibiotics properly are the important ways to decrease the hospital infection and to improve the quality of recovered.

Aim To study the effects of Meloxicam gel(Mel G)on AA in rats,and the relationship between therapeutic effects and Mel G in tissue or serum. Methods The model of AA was induced by intradermal injection of Freunds complete adjuvant(FCA) in rats,the effects(hindpaw swelling volume)of Mel G on AA rats were observed following Mel G tc. A high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)method with ultraviolet detection was set up to determine the concentration of Mel in serum and local tissue. Results Mel G significantly inhibited secondary inflammation of AA rats. The concentration of Mel G was lower in serum and higher in local tissue than that of Mel tablets. A significant linear correlation in a negative manner existed between local tissue concentration of Mel G and hindpaw swelling volume. Conclusion Therapeutic effects of Mel G on AA in rats were associated with higher tissue concentration of Mel G.

Objective To investigate the therapeutic efficacy of lactulose combined with Bacillus subtilis duplex living bacterium in patients with constipation-predominant irritable bowel syndrome.Methods A total of 98 patients with constipation-predominant irritable bowel syndrome were divided into 3 groups according to the therapeutic drugs:lactulose group (33 cases),Bacillus subtilis duplex living bacterium group (30 cases) and combined treatment group (35 cases),and patients in all groups received mosapride.The course of treatment was 2 weeks in all groups.The symptoms of patients with abdominal pain,abdominal distention,defecate condition and quality of life before and after treatment was observed.Results The total efficacy of abdominal pain,abdominal distention in combined treatment group was higher than that in lactulose group and Bacillus subtilis duplex living bacterium group,in lactulose group was higher than that in Bacillus subtilis duplex living bacterium group,and there was significant difference (P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference in defecate Bristol grade before treatment among three groups (P ＞ 0.05).There was significant difference in defecate Bristol grade after treatment among three groups(P ＜ 0.05).There was significant difference in defecate Bristol grade before and after treatment in three groups(P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference in the quality of life before treatment among three groups (P ＞ 0.05),the quality of life after treatment in three groups was higher than that before treatment,and there was significantdifference (P ＜ 0.05).After treatment,the quality of life in combined treatment group was higher than that in lactulose group,in lactulose group was higher than that in Bacillus subtilis duplex living bacterium group,and there was significant difference (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The combined regimen of lactulose and Bacillus subtilis duplex living bacterium is more effective than lactulose or Bacillus subtilis duplex living bacterium alone.Thus the combined regimen of lactulose and Bacillus subtilis duplex living bacterium is an effective therapeutic method for constipation-predominant irritable bowel syndrome.

Objective To study the mechanisms of Re Bi granule on treating RA.Methods Make SD maleness rats Adjuvant-Induced Arthritis(AA)which was derived by Freund's complete adjuvant(CFA)as investigation object.Make Wang Bi granule as positive control medicine,and divide it into six groups(blank group,model group,control group,Infusion of Re Bi granule high dose group and midst dose group and low dose group).Observe Re Bi granule's influence and mechanism to synovial cell apoptosis and T cell subsets.Results Re Bi granule could distinctly heighten synovial cell apoptosis ratio of AA rats,heighten CD8+cell's number and reduce CD4+cell's number,lower CD4+/CD8+ ratio,adjust T cells for two-way.Conclusion Re Bi granule not only is an effective treatment way for rheumatoid arthritis,but also can improve the abnormal immune status.

Objective To discuss the method,safety and effect of malignant pancreas tumor treated by CT guided percutaneous embedding of~(125)I. Methods 32 cases of malignant pancreas tumor with CT scan and contrast enhancement were retrospectively analysed.All the cases had been confirmed pathologically be- fore CT guided therapy.The number of~(125)I particle was 12～46,The distance between particles was 0.～1.2 cm. The number of puncture point was 1～2.The number of puncture direction was 2-5 times.Results Regarding 32 cases for 1 month,the size of the tumor reduced in 11 cases,no change in 20 cases,and increased in 1 case.As for 31 cases for 2 months,the size reduced in 16 cases,no change in 13 cases,and enlarged in 3 cases.Regarding 30 cases for 3 months,the size reduced in 18 cases,no change in 11 cases,and increased in 3 cases. Regarding 28 cases for 6 months, he size reduced in 10 cases, no change in 5 cases, and in- creased in 13 cases.Regarding 22 cases for 1 year,12 cases had been done the second therapy,the size of the tumor reduced in 16 cases,no change in 3 cases,and increased in 3 cases.Conclusion The size of pancreas tumors were reduced obviously,the symptoms were relieved after the treatment.The method turned out to be safe and accurate.

Objective: To investigate thestatus and control of blood lipid level among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus（T2DM）in rural communities of Zhejiang Province，and to provide evidence for blood lipid control for T2DM. Methods: A sample of 10 343 patients with T2DM managed by communities from Jiashan，Suichang and Yongkang in 2016 were recruited. Through the diabetes registry system，physical examination and laboratory tests，data of demographic features，blood pressure，body mass index（BMI），waist circumstance（WC），glycated hemoglobin（HbA1c），total cholesterol（TC），triglyceride（TG），low-density lipoprotein cholesterol（LDL-C）and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol（HDL-C）were collected to learn the status of blood lipid control. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to explore the influencing factors for blood lipid control. Results: The control rate of TC，TG，LDL-C and HDL-C in patients with T2DM was 29.84%，58.72%，48.25% and 61.27%，respectively. About 11.76% of patients had all the four indicators in control，while 9.22% of patients failed in all. The higher control rates of all of the four indicators were seen in males than females，in older age，in lower BMI and in normal people than in central obese people（all P<0.05）. The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that sex（OR=3.556，95%CI：3.070-4.119），age（OR=1.130，95%CI：1.060-1.204），WC（OR=0.989，95%CI：0.980-0.998）， BMI（OR=0.768，95%CI：0.688-0.857），systolic blood pressure（OR=0.991，95%CI：0.984-0.999），HbA1c level（OR=0.914，95%CI：0.876- 0.953），smoking（OR=0.768，95%CI：0.639-0.924）and drinking（OR=0.688，95%CI：0.536-0.884）were associated with the control of TC，TG，LDL-C and HDL-C in patients with T2DM. Conclusion The control rate of blood lipid is low in patients with T2DM in rural communities of Zhejiang Province，surveillance and interventions should be focused on sex，overweight/obesity，smoking，alcohol intake，blood glucose and blood pressure.

BACKGROUND:The methylprednisolone pulse therapy in early period of spinal cord injury can attenuate the pathological degree of spinal cord injury, however no breakthrough was found within recent 20 years.
OBJECTIVE:To observe the protection effects of sodium aescinate on the nerve cellapoptosis and expression of glial fibrial ary acidic protein (GFAP) in the early spinal cord injured rats.
METHODS:Spinal cord injury models were established with the modified Al en’s method in 180 Sprague-Dawley rats, and were randomly divided into three groups, with 60 rats in each group. Immediately after injury, the rats in three groups were intraperitoneal y injected with sodium aescinate (5 mg/kg), methylprednisolone (100 mg/kg) and equal saline, respectively, once per day. At 8 hours, 24 hours, 96 hours and 7 days, 14 days after injury, rats were sacrificed and the injured segments were resected for hematoxylin-eosin staining and immunohistochemical staining, the nerve cellapoptosis and GFAP expression were detected.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The apoptotic nerve cells were seen at 8 hours after injury and the number of apoptotic cells reached the peak at 7 days, the edema was attenuated at 14 days without less nerve cellapoptosis in al groups, significantly fewer apoptotic nerve cells can be seen in sodium aescinate and methylprednisolone groups compared with the control group (P<0.05) at each time. The expression of GFAP was increased in the time dependant manner in al groups, the increase was slow in methylprednisolone group but sharp in sodium aescinate group and control group within 96 hours. There was no difference between control group and sodium aescinate group within 24 hours (P>0.05), which was lower than methylprednisolone group (P<0.05);after 96 hours, methylprednisolone group and sodium aescinate group were both significantly lower than control group (P<0.05). Furthermore, the decreasing expression was observed in al groups after 7 days. Sodium ascinate has obvious protection effects on nerve cells in spinal cord injured rats and promotes neurological function through decreasing GFAP expression after injury. The efficacy of sodium ascinate is equal to that of methylprednisolone within 2 hours.

BACKGROUND: Orphanin, which was found in recent years, is an important bioactive polypeptide. Its extensive distribution in the central nervous system and peripheral tissue suggests a function of adjusting global behaviors.OBJECTIVE: To explore the correlation of plasm orphanin level and monoamine neurotransmitters in patients with postpartum depression by determining the levels of orphanin and monoamine neurotransmitters such as 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and dopamine(DA) in patients.DESIGN: Case-control experiment taking diagnosis as evidence.SETTING: Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Changzheng Hospital and Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University of Chinese PLA.PARTICIPANTS: Twenty-five healthy women and seventeen women patients with postpartum depression after delivery who came in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Changzheng Hospital and Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University of Chinese PLA for further consultation during February 2002 to October 2004 were enrolled in this study, and served as control group and postpartum depression group, respectively. All the enrolled women, aged 21 to 43 years, with fair education levels, and voluntarily participated in this study. Women patients of 15 to 25 days after delivery suffered from the incipient postpartum depression with total scores of Edingburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) above 13. Informed consents were obtained from all the subjects.METHODS: The levels of orphanin and monoamine neurotransmitters in venous blood from 25 healthy women and 17 women patients with postpartum depression were determined. ① Sample collecting: Blood was taken from women in the postpartum depression group 2 weeks after onset, while from control group 35 days after delivery. ② Assay method:The level of orphanin was determined with radioimmunoassay (RIA). The reagent kit was provided by phoenix company (USA) and the procedure was strictly performed according to the instructions on the reagent kit. The levels of 5-HT and DA were measured with high-performance liquid chromatography or electrochemical detection method.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Changes in the levels of orphanin as well as 5-HT and DA in postpartum depression group and control group. ② Correlation of the total scores of EPDS and the levels of orphanin in postpartum depression group.RESULTS: Twenty-five healthy women and seventeen women patients with postpartum depression after delivery all participated in the result analysis. ① The level of orphanin in the postpartum depression group[(27.39±6.04) ng/L] was significantly higher than that in the control group [(10.37±3.65) ng/L](P ＜ 0.01),the levels of 5-HT in the postpartum depression group [(0.93±0.21) μmol/L] was remarkably lower than that in the control group[(1.43±0.36) μmol/L](P ＜0.05) ,and the levels of DA in postpartum depression group[(2.15±0.41) μmol/L] was obviously lower than that in the control group [(3.64±0.72) μmol/L]( P ＜ 0.01). ②The level of orphanin was negatively correlated with those of 5-HT and DA in postpartum depression group(r = -0.601 , -0.593,P ＜ 0.05). ③ The total scores of EPDS were significantly positively correlated with the level of orphanin (r = 0.512, P ＜ 0.05), and negatively correlated with the levels of 5-HT and DA (r = -0.571,-0.526, P＜ 0.05).CONCLUSION: The level of orphanin in patients with postpartum depression is increased and is negatively correlated with the levels of 5-HT and DA, but positively correlated with the total scores of EPDS.