Adult ; Humans ; Male ; Malondialdehyde ; blood ; Submarine Medicine ; Superoxide Dismutase ; blood ; Young Adult

?AIM:To improve the efficiency and quality of teaching, and to cultivate students’ ability to analyze and solve clinical problems, the case - based learning ( CBL ) combined with problem-based learning ( PBL ) teaching mode is introduced into the clinical teaching of ophthalmology.?METHODS:Two classes ( total 131 students ) of 2013 grade major in clinical medicine, Kunming Medical University, were randomly selected as experimental group using CBL combined with PBL teaching mode, and control group using traditional teaching mode. The part of acute angle-closure glaucoma was taught. The scores of the experimental group were compared with that of control group at the end of term.?RESULTS:The mean scores of CBL combined with PBL teaching group were significantly higher than that of traditional teaching group.?CONCLUSION: The application of CBL combined with PBL in the clinical teaching of ophthalmology has obvious advantages in improving the learning interests and promoting students’ self-learning ability. It is helpful in improving the students’ ability of independent-thinking, analyzing and solving problem.

Objective To investigate the current status of lead(Pb) poisoning in children and correlations between Pb levels and calcium(Ca), iron(Fe), zinc(Zn) and environmental factors. Methods ①Questionnaire survey was conducted among 3160 parents in Qingdao area, regarding factors that might have effects on the levels of Pb. ②Levels of blood Pb, Ca, Fe and Zn were determined by graphite furnace atomic absorption (GFAA) spectrometry for 3160 children, who were divided into three groups: mildly increased Pb levels, moderately increased Pb levels and severely increased Pb levels, and the effects of Ca, Fe and Zn on children's blood Pb levels were analyzed by multiple linear regressions.③Children having mildly Pb increase were divided into four groups and received Ca, Fe or Zn preparations or placebo. Results ① Children living with smokers, in new houses, in houses or kindergartens located in industrial areas or main traffic roads, consuming preserved eggs or canned drinks regularly were more easily poisoned.②Percentages of children with increased levels who had insufficient blood Ca, Fe and Zn : 53.31% (306/574), 46.17% (265/574) and 68.47% (393/574), respectively, in the group of children with mildly increased Pb levels; 57.68% (263/456), 49.34% (225/456) and 77.41% (353/456), respectively, in the group of children with moderately increased Pb levels; 64.71% (11/17), 58.82% (10/17) and 82.35%(14/17), respectively, in the group of children with severely increased Pb levels. In contrast, the percentages of children in the control group who had low blood Ca, Fe and Zn were 19.78%(418/2113), 5.21% (110/2113) and 14.62%(309/2113), respectively. ③The levels of Ca, Fe and Zn had a negative correlations with blood levels of Pb(coefficient of regression were-0.870,-0.430,-0.565, respectively). ④When given Ca, Fe and Zn, the children had the blood Pb levels decreased by 78.32% (112/143), 66.43% (95/143) and 67.83% (97/143), respectively. Conclusions ①Children's increased levels of Pb have adverse effects on the absorption of Ca, Fe and Zn. ②Intaking Ca, Fe and Zn preparations can reduce blood Pb level.

Since Hosobuchi first found that spinal cord stimulation had the effect of significantly increasing cerebral blood flow (CBF) more than two decades ago, spinal cord stimulation had attracted wide attention in the field of treating cerebral ischemia. A large number of animal and clinical studies have been performed in this field, which make it another research focus following thrombolysis and interventional therapy. This article reviews the research history, mechanisms, and current status of clinical applications of spinal cord stimulation in cerebral ischemia protection.

Objective To study the CT perfusion features of various lymph nodes in the neck.Methods Dynamic perfusion CT scanning was performed in 83 neck lymph nodes proved by pathology,including tuberculosis lymph nodes, lymphoma and metastatic lymph nodes. The shapes, blood flow modes,and perfusion parameters of these lymph nodes were compared among 3 groups. Statistical analysis of L/T and CT perfusion parameters was performed by one-way ANOVA and LSD test. Results The values of MTT of tuberculosis lymph nodes, lymphoma and metastatic lymph nodes were (28. 13 ±5.08), (31.08 ±5.82),and ( 11.24 ±5.31 ) s,respectively. The MTT of metastatic lymph nodes was statistically lower than that of tuberculosis lymph nodes and lymphoma (P ＜ 0. 05). Their frequencies of marginal blood flow were 5/9,4/19, and 39/55 (70. 9% ), respectively. The frequency of marginal blood flow in the tuberculosis lymph nodes and metastatic lymph nodes was statistically higher than that of lymphoma ( P ＜ 0. 05 ). Their frequencies of central blood flow were 2/9, 11/19, and 9/55 (16.4%), respectively. The frequency of central blood flow in the lymphoma was statistically higher than that of tuberculosis lymph nodes and metastatic lymph nodes ( P ＜ 0. 05 ). Their values of L/T were 1.82 ± 0. 32, 1. 80 ± 0. 39, and 1.84 ± 0. 36,(40. 98 ±6. 62) s,respectively. There were no significant differences in L/T, BF, BV and TTP among tuberculosis lymph nodes, lymphoma and metastatic lymph nodes( P ＞ 0. 05 ). Conclusion CT perfusion,especially combination functional imaging with perfusion images may be helpful in judging the nature of neck lymph nodes.

Objective To examine the effect of Pu-Erh tea extract(PTE) on genes expression of lipogenesis in white adipose tissue of rats fed high fat diet.Method Thirty male SD rats were randomly divided into three groups(n=10):the control group(basal diet);the high fat group(high fat diet);the PTE group(high fat diet + Pu-Erh tea extract).Body weight and adipose tissue were measured.Expression of genes regulating lipid metabolism was assessed in adipose tissue.Results PTE supplementation prevented diet-induced increases in body weight and adipose tissue.Diacylglycerol acyltransferase-1(DGAT1),stearoyl-CoA desalurase-1(SCD1) and sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c(SREBP-1c) mRNA levels were markedly decreased in adipose tissue of rats fed PTE.Conclusion This study shows for the first time that Pu-Erh tea extract prevents diet-induced obesity,and this effect is partly mediated via a direct influence on adipose tissue.

Objective To perform a biomechanical study on and compare the stability of internal fixation with closed Kirschner wire in different spots from the epicondylus medialis to sulcus nervi ulnaris and epicondylus lateralis of humerus in the treatment of GartlandⅢsupracondylar fractures of humerus in children in order to provide basis for avoiding cubitus varus in clinic.Methods Twenty models of su- pracondylar fractures were made from ten humerus samples,then divided into two groups(group A and group B).They were fixed with closed Kirschner'wires.Ulnar Kirschner wire varied.In group A five spots were selected averagely from the epicondylus medialis to the sulcus nervi ulnaris.Kirschner wires entered from one of the five spots into another spot of humerus.In group B Kirschner wires entered defferent spots of humerus from the central spot of sulcus nervi ulnaris.Biomechanical tests were carried out,such as axial load,axial displacement,stress intensity,axial rigidity and anti-twisty ability.Forty-six children with Gart- landⅢsupracondylar fracture of humerus were treated and followed up for more than one year.Results In beth groups,with the angle of Kirschner wires and fracture side increasing,the strain and the vertical displacement decreased,the stress intensity and the axial rigidity increased,and the anti-twists ability was enhanced.There was statistic difference(P＜0.05).The follow-up of the 46 patients showed the elbow joint function recovered well with no cubitus varus malformation.Conclusion Internal fixation with closed Kirschner wires in sulcus nervi ulnaris from the epicondylus medialis and the epicondylns lateralis of humerus for GartlandⅢsupracondylar fracture of humerus in children has the advantages of enhancing bio- mechanical stability,effective prevention of secondary replacement of outlying black of the fracture and a- voidance of cubitus varus.It can be widely used clinically.

The core-crosslinked polymeric micelles were used as a new drug delivery system, which can decrease the premature drug release in blood circulation, improve the stability of the micelles, and effectively transport the drug into the therapy sites. Then the drug bioavailability increased further, while the side effect reduced. Most drugs were physically entrapped or chemically covalent with the polymer in the internals of micelles. Based on the various constitutions and properties of polymeric micelles as well as the special characteristics of body microenvironment, the environment-responsive or active targeting core-crosslinked micelles were designed and prepared. As a result, the drug controlled release behavior was obtained. In the present paper, the research progress of all kinds of core-crosslinked micelles which were published in recent years is introduced. Moreover, the characteristic and application prospect of these micelles in drug delivery system are analyzed and summarized.
Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; therapeutic use ; Cross-Linking Reagents ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Drug Carriers ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Humans ; Micelles ; Molecular Structure ; Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; Particle Size ; Pharmaceutical Preparations ; administration & dosage ; Polyethylene Glycols ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Polymers ; chemistry ; metabolism

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) on proliferation and differentiation of endogenous neural stem cells after acute spinal cord half cut-off in rats. MethodsThe differences of proliferation and differentiation of endogenous neural stem cells between injured group and intervention group were compared. ResultsThere were remarkable differences between injured group and intervention group. ConclusionHBO can promote the proliferation and differentiation of the neural stem cells in rats after spine cord injury.

OBJECTIVETo study the protective effect of Grape procyanidins (GPC) on radiation injury in radiation-contacted persons.

METHODSSixty radiation-contacted persons were randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group and 15 radiation-uncontacted persons were selected as the normal group. The experimental group was given GPC (100 mg/day), while the control group was given the capsule of starch every day for 60 days. Vein blood samples were taken before and after the study and the total antioxidative capacity (T-AOC), Malondialdehyde (MDA), cell proliferation, expression levels of proliferative cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), Bcl-2 and Bax protein, WBC were measured.

RESULTSThe WBC, T-AOC and cell proliferation rate of the experimental group were (5.62 +/- 0.40) 10(9)/L, (17.07 +/- 1.91) U/ml and 0.87 +/- 0.09 respectively, which were significantly higher than those of the control group. The MDA and Bax expression levels were (4.12 +/- 0.37) nmol/L and 28.06% +/- 5.79% respectively that were significantly lower than those of the control group.

CONCLUSIONGPC should have protective effects on radiation injury of the radiation-contacted persons.

Cell Proliferation ; Glutathione Peroxidase ; blood ; Humans ; Leukocyte Count ; Malondialdehyde ; metabolism ; Occupational Exposure ; Placebos ; Proanthocyanidins ; pharmacology ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen ; biosynthesis ; Radiation-Protective Agents ; pharmacology ; Superoxide Dismutase ; blood ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein ; biosynthesis