Gene Expression Profiling ; Genomics ; methods ; Humans ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse ; classification ; genetics ; pathology ; Prognosis

The main teaching methods for medical students and residents are didactic teaching,rote learning and apprenticeship.Although these teaching methods can be good for imparting knowledge,they are obviously insufficient for the training of technical skills,team cooperation and complex decision making.Application of biomedical engineering simulation in the anesthesia teaching can partially compensate for the insufficiency.The progress of biomedical engineering simulation in anesthesia teaching is reviewed and the educational trend was explored.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the impact of ethanol extracts from Sedum sarmentosum (ESB) on STAT-3 signaling and its probable molecular mechanism in inducing apoptosis.

METHODMTT assay was used to detect the impact of ESB on HepG2 cell proliferation. FITC-Annexin V-FITC /PI double-labeling were used to investigate the impact on hepatoma carcinoma cell apoptosis. Western blot analysis was used to test the expression levels of cell apoptosis-related proteins Caspase-3, Caspase-9, PARP, P-STAT-3 (Tyr705) , STAT-3, Bcl-2, Mcl-1.

RESULTESB could notably inhibit proliferation of HepG2 cells, and induce HepG2 cell apoptosis, with the dose-dependent inhibitory effect. In addition, ESB could inhibit STAT-3 signaling, down-regulate Mcl-1 and Bcl-2 expressions, and induce degradation/activation of apoptosis-related proteins Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 and PARP degradation in a dose-dependent manner.

CONCLUSIONESB inhibits HepG2 cell proliferation and induces apoptosis by inhibiting STAT-3 signaling and Mcl-1 and Bcl-2 expressions.

Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Blotting, Western ; Caspase 3 ; metabolism ; Caspase 9 ; metabolism ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Ethanol ; chemistry ; Flow Cytometry ; Hep G2 Cells ; Humans ; Myeloid Cell Leukemia Sequence 1 Protein ; metabolism ; Plant Extracts ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases ; metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; metabolism ; STAT3 Transcription Factor ; metabolism ; Sedum ; chemistry ; Signal Transduction ; drug effects ; Time Factors

Objective To observe the change of the protein and gene expression of hypoxia inducing factor-1α(HIF-1a) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the nude mouse tumor,which has been treated by HIFU combined with nanoscale ultrasound molecular probes with HSV1-TK gene microvascular density.Methods Sixty nude mice were implanted with HepG2 Cells to establish subcutaneous transplanted tumor.Divided this mice into six groups at random after treated by HIFU:MB+ HSV-TK+ GPC3 (group A),MB + HSV-TK (group B),HSV-TK +GPC3 (group C),HSV-TK (group D),MB + GPC3 (group E),PBS (group F).They were injected into the tail vein every after 3 days.Mice in group A,B,D and E were exposed to ultrasound by 2 W/cm2,1 MHz,5 mintues and 0.2 mL ganciclovi(GCV) was intraperitoneally injected at the first 48 hours after injection.After the treatment,immunohistoche were used to detect the microvascular density(MVD),Western blot and immunohistoche was employed to test the protein change of the VEGF and HIF-1α,Q-PCR was used to test the mRNA gene transcription of VEGF and HIF-1α in the tumor tissues.Results After 14 days,the protein expression of HIF-1α and VEGF in group A was significantly lower than that in group B,C,D,E and F (P＜0.05),the MVD level in the tumor is also like this,and the difference is statistically significant.Conclusion Anoscale ultrasound molecular probes with HSV1-TK can reduce the the level of VEGF,MVD and HIF-1α in the tumor which has been treated by HIFU,so it can inhibit tumor growth and improve the therapeutic efficacy after HIFU treatment.

Objective To detect the influence of miRNA-34a (miR-34a) on the proliferation of osteosarcoma and the mechanisms responsible for miR-34a regulation.Methods The osteoblastic cell line MG-63 and Saos-2,human osteoblastic cell line hFOB 1.19,10 osteosarcoma tissues and 10 normal bone tissues were selected.The expression of miRNA-34a in osteosarcoma cells and tissues was detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR).Next,a eukaryotic expression vector named pcDNA/miR-34a was constructed.Then,osteosarcoma cells were transfected with this eukaryotic expression vector and the effects of miR-34a overexpression on the proliferation and growth of osteosarcoma were measured using CCK-8,colony formation and xenograft model of nude mice.Finally,Western blot analysis was used to detect the expression of ether-à-go-go 1 (Eag1) gene in osteosarcoma cells after transfected with pcDNA/miR-34a or a miR-34a inhibitor miR-34a-2'-O-Methyl antisense oligoribonucleotide (miR-34a-2'-O-Me).Results Compared with normal bone tissues and osteoblastic cell line,miR-34a was down-regulated in osteosarcoma cell lines and tissues.Compared with the blank group and the control group,the cell survival rates of miR-34a group of the two cell lines were significantly lower [MG-63 72 h:blank group (40.05±4.82) ％,control group (36.88± 4.66) ％,miRNA-34a group (26.24±6.22) ％;MG-63 96 h:blank group (83.55±5.95) ％,control group (80.13± 4.48) ％,miRNA-34a group (30.21±7.26) ％;Saos-2 72 h:blank group (46.45±8.15) ％,control group (43.33± 6.89) ％,miRNA-34a group (26.81±3.17) ％;Saos-2 96 h:blank group (84.79±4.10) ％,control group (80.14± 3.11) ％,miRNA-34a group (31.77±5.17) ％].The similar results were obtained from colony formation assay (MG-63:blank group 83.40±3.29,control group 80.00±3.06,miR-34a group 24.40±2.71;Saos-2:blank group 85.00±3.32,control group 80.60±3.29,miR-34a group 30.40±4.94).The tumor volumes of osteosarcoma xenograft in the miR-34a group was significantly smaller than that in the blank group and control group after 21 days treatment (all P ＜ 0.001).Overexpression of miR-34a could decrease Eag1 expression in osteosarcoma cell lines while inhibition of miR-34a induced the of expression Eag1 (P ＜ 0.001).Conclusion MiR-34a plays a tumor suppressor role in osteosarcoma and could suppress the proliferation and growth of osteosarcoma through the regulation of Eag1.Moreover,it may be a novel target for osteosarcoma therapy.

Objective To prepare a novel brain active-targeting endomorphin (EM) loaded hyperbranched polyglycerols-poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (HBPG-PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs) and study its mechanism of passing across blood brain barrier (BBB) in brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMEC).Methods The OX26 (transferring receptor monoclonal antibody) conjugated EM loaded HBPG-PLGA NPs was constructed according to water-in-oil-in-water emulation solvent evaporation technique as a novel biodegradable brain active-targeting drug delivery system.The properties of the NPs were evaluated by transmission electron microscope (TEM) in vitro.Through flow cytometry and laser scanning confocal microscope,the mechanism of passing across BBB was evaluated.Results The preparation methodology of NPs was optimized and established.The mean diameter was (170±20) nm and Zeta potential was about-27 mV.Core-shell construction was showed on TEM.Cellular uptake study showed that the uptake of NPs was via a caveolae-mediated endocytic pathway,then endomorphin and carrier were divided into two parts in BMEC.Conclusions The OX26 conjugated EM loaded NPs were stable,and demonstrate remarkable effects on crossing BBB.Cellular uptake by BMEC is a very important mechanism of the NPs' brain activating-targeting effect.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the severity index of Meniere's disease during acute phase by a statistical method of principal component analysis (PCA). METHOD: Ninety-five patients with Meniere's disease in the acute phase who saw the doctor with 24 hours after onset were included in this study and their clinical data were analyzed retrospectively. The subjective symptoms of hearing loss (X1) and ear stuffy plug (X4) were evaluated by VAS scoring system, and the impact of vertigo (X2) and tinnitus (X3) on the patients were evaluated by DHI and THI score. The principal component analysis (PCA) method was used to analyze the quantified data and construct a synthetic evaluate function of subjective symptoms. RESULT: (1) The quantitative results of subjective symptoms in patients with Meniere's disease were as follow: VAS score (X1) of hearing loss was 0-91 points, with an average of 46.23 ± 18.80, DHI score (X2) of vertigo was 8-98 points, with an average of 49.66 ± 15.67, THI score (X3) of tinnitus was 10-100 points, with an average of 47.53 ± 17.44, and ear VAS score (X4) of stuffy plug feeling was 0-82 points, with an average of 21.55 ± 27.54. (2) The eigenvalue of principal components Z1, Z2 and Z3 were 1.876, 0.984 and 0.703 respectively, and the variance contribution were 46.898%, 24.592% and 17.574% respectively. (3) The constructed synthetic evaluate function of the disease was as follow: The Meniere's disease severity index ƒ = 0.213ZX1 + 0.398ZX2 + 0.370ZX3 + 0.455ZX4. CONCLUSION The method of PCA for the subjective evaluation of symptoms in Meniere's disease can be constructed as a model of comprehensive evaluation system, which may provide relatively comprehensive information of clinical original variables included in the four main symptoms, reflecting the severity of the disease.
Hearing Loss ; complications ; Humans ; Meniere Disease ; complications ; diagnosis ; Principal Component Analysis ; Retrospective Studies ; Severity of Illness Index ; Tinnitus ; complications ; Vertigo ; complications

Objective To study the cytotoxicity against brain microvessel endothelial cells and blood compatibility in rats of OX26 conjugated endomorphin (EM) loaded hyperbranched polyglycerols-poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)(HBPG-PLGA) nanoparticles.Methods Prepared nanoparticles were divided into group B (HBPG-PLGA nanoparticles),group EP (EM-HBPG-PLGA nanoparticles) and group OEP (OX26-EM-HBPG-PLGA nanoparticles).The cytotoxicity against brain microvessel endothelial cells (BMECs) of nanoparticles of different groups were measured by MTT test,haemolysis test,normal haemotological parameter and several primary items of coagulation system were tested after nanoparticles of different groups and different dosages injection on rats.Results ①All the three groups of nanoparticles induced decreased cell viability in a dose dependent manner in MTT test,whereas all groups of nanoparticles showed low cytotoxicity against the BMECs during 30 to 600 μg/ml.②There was no significant difference in haemolysis ratio (P＞0.05) and normal haemotological parameter (P＞0.05).③There was no significant difference between the low dosage of all the three groups of nanoparticles and the control group on the function of coagulation system in rats (P＞0.05).④Compared with C group,high dose groups demonstrated longer prothrombin time (PT),activeated partial thromboplasting time (APTT) and lower fibrinogen (Fbg) (P＜0.05).At the same time,compared with the low dose subgroups,PT and APTT were prolonged,Fbg significantly decreased in the high dose subgroups (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).Conclusion OX26 coupled with EM-HBPG-PLGA nanoparticles showed low cytotoxicity against BMECs and had no significant effect on the coagulation system in rats with low concentration and low dosage.

AIM: To detect the role of cyclic nucleotides in the alleviation of hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV) in chronic hypoxic animals. METHODS: The intracellular cAMP and cGMP of the cultured porcine pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMC) and endothelial cells (PAEC) were assayed by RIA. The length of single PASMC during acute hypoxia was measured by imaging analysis system. RESULTS: The basal levels of cAMP and cGMP in PASMC and cGMP in PAEC of Chronic hypoxic groups decreased remarkably compared with normoxic groups ( P

Humans ; Enhanced Recovery After Surgery ; Stomach Neoplasms/surgery* ; Length of Stay ; Laparoscopy ; Postoperative Complications ; Gastrectomy