Background: The association of changes in metabolic syndrome (MetS) with cognitive function remains unclear. We explored this association using prospective and Mendelian randomization (MR) studies. Methods: MetS components including high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), systolic blood pressure (SBP), waist circumference (WC), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), and triglycerides were measured at baseline and two follow-ups, constructing a MetS index. Immediate, delayed memory recall, and cognitive function along with its dimensions were assessed by immediate 10- word recall test (IWRT) and delayed 10-word recall test (DWRT), and mini-mental state examination (MMSE), respectively, at baseline and follow-ups. Linear mixed-effect model was used. Additionally, the genome-wide association study (GWAS) of MetS was conducted and one-sample MR was performed to assess the causality between MetS and cognitive function. Results: Elevated MetS index was associated with decreasing annual change rates (decrease) in DWRT and MMSE scores, and with decreases in attention, calculation and recall dimensions. HDL-C was positively associated with an increase in DWRT scores, while SBP and FPG were negatively associated. HDL-C showed a positive association, whereas WC was negatively associated with increases in MMSE scores, including attention, calculation and recall dimensions. Interaction analysis indicated that the association of MetS index on cognitive decline was predominantly observed in low family income group. The GWAS of MetS identified some genetic variants. MR results showed a non-significant causality between MetS and decrease in DWRT, IWRT, nor MMSE scores. Conclusion Our study indicated a significant association of MetS and its components with declines in memory and cognitive function, especially in delayed memory recall.

Background: The association of changes in metabolic syndrome (MetS) with cognitive function remains unclear. We explored this association using prospective and Mendelian randomization (MR) studies. Methods: MetS components including high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), systolic blood pressure (SBP), waist circumference (WC), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), and triglycerides were measured at baseline and two follow-ups, constructing a MetS index. Immediate, delayed memory recall, and cognitive function along with its dimensions were assessed by immediate 10- word recall test (IWRT) and delayed 10-word recall test (DWRT), and mini-mental state examination (MMSE), respectively, at baseline and follow-ups. Linear mixed-effect model was used. Additionally, the genome-wide association study (GWAS) of MetS was conducted and one-sample MR was performed to assess the causality between MetS and cognitive function. Results: Elevated MetS index was associated with decreasing annual change rates (decrease) in DWRT and MMSE scores, and with decreases in attention, calculation and recall dimensions. HDL-C was positively associated with an increase in DWRT scores, while SBP and FPG were negatively associated. HDL-C showed a positive association, whereas WC was negatively associated with increases in MMSE scores, including attention, calculation and recall dimensions. Interaction analysis indicated that the association of MetS index on cognitive decline was predominantly observed in low family income group. The GWAS of MetS identified some genetic variants. MR results showed a non-significant causality between MetS and decrease in DWRT, IWRT, nor MMSE scores. Conclusion Our study indicated a significant association of MetS and its components with declines in memory and cognitive function, especially in delayed memory recall.

Background: The association of changes in metabolic syndrome (MetS) with cognitive function remains unclear. We explored this association using prospective and Mendelian randomization (MR) studies. Methods: MetS components including high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), systolic blood pressure (SBP), waist circumference (WC), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), and triglycerides were measured at baseline and two follow-ups, constructing a MetS index. Immediate, delayed memory recall, and cognitive function along with its dimensions were assessed by immediate 10- word recall test (IWRT) and delayed 10-word recall test (DWRT), and mini-mental state examination (MMSE), respectively, at baseline and follow-ups. Linear mixed-effect model was used. Additionally, the genome-wide association study (GWAS) of MetS was conducted and one-sample MR was performed to assess the causality between MetS and cognitive function. Results: Elevated MetS index was associated with decreasing annual change rates (decrease) in DWRT and MMSE scores, and with decreases in attention, calculation and recall dimensions. HDL-C was positively associated with an increase in DWRT scores, while SBP and FPG were negatively associated. HDL-C showed a positive association, whereas WC was negatively associated with increases in MMSE scores, including attention, calculation and recall dimensions. Interaction analysis indicated that the association of MetS index on cognitive decline was predominantly observed in low family income group. The GWAS of MetS identified some genetic variants. MR results showed a non-significant causality between MetS and decrease in DWRT, IWRT, nor MMSE scores. Conclusion Our study indicated a significant association of MetS and its components with declines in memory and cognitive function, especially in delayed memory recall.

Background: The association of changes in metabolic syndrome (MetS) with cognitive function remains unclear. We explored this association using prospective and Mendelian randomization (MR) studies. Methods: MetS components including high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), systolic blood pressure (SBP), waist circumference (WC), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), and triglycerides were measured at baseline and two follow-ups, constructing a MetS index. Immediate, delayed memory recall, and cognitive function along with its dimensions were assessed by immediate 10- word recall test (IWRT) and delayed 10-word recall test (DWRT), and mini-mental state examination (MMSE), respectively, at baseline and follow-ups. Linear mixed-effect model was used. Additionally, the genome-wide association study (GWAS) of MetS was conducted and one-sample MR was performed to assess the causality between MetS and cognitive function. Results: Elevated MetS index was associated with decreasing annual change rates (decrease) in DWRT and MMSE scores, and with decreases in attention, calculation and recall dimensions. HDL-C was positively associated with an increase in DWRT scores, while SBP and FPG were negatively associated. HDL-C showed a positive association, whereas WC was negatively associated with increases in MMSE scores, including attention, calculation and recall dimensions. Interaction analysis indicated that the association of MetS index on cognitive decline was predominantly observed in low family income group. The GWAS of MetS identified some genetic variants. MR results showed a non-significant causality between MetS and decrease in DWRT, IWRT, nor MMSE scores. Conclusion Our study indicated a significant association of MetS and its components with declines in memory and cognitive function, especially in delayed memory recall.

AIM To compare the in vivo pharmacokinetics of paeoniflorin,paeoniflorin,liquiritin,isoliquiritin,liquiritigenin and glycyrrhizic acid from Shaoyao Gancao Decoction in normal and gastric ulcer rats.METHODS Six rats were randomly assigned into two groups,after which the 75%ethanol-induced gastric ulcer model was established,the gastric tissues were collected.Twelve rats were randomly assigned into two groups and given intragastric administration(9.9 g/kg),after which blood collection was made at different time points,UPLC-MS/MS method was adopted in the determination of plasma concentrations,and main pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated.RESULTS Prolonged Tmax(P＜0.05,P＜0.01)of various active constituents,prolonged T1/2,MRT0-t(P＜0.05,P＜0.01),increased Cmax,AUC(P＜0.05,P＜0.01)and decreased Vd/F,CL/F(P＜0.05,P＜0.01)of paeoniflorin,increased Cmax,AUC(P＜0.05,P＜0.01)and decreased CL/F(P＜0.05)of albiflorin,prolonged MRT(P＜0.05),increased AUC(P＜0.05)and decreased CL/F(P＜0.01)of liquiritin,prolonged MRT(P＜0.05,P＜0.01)and decreased Vd/F(P＜0.05)of isoliquiritin,no obviously changed pharmacokinetic parameters(except for Tmax)of liquiritigenin(P＞0.05),and prolonged T1/2,MRT0-∞(P＜0.05,P＜0.01),increased Cmax,AUC(P＜0.05,P＜0.01)and decreased CL/F(P＜0.01)of glycyrrhizic acid were observable in the model group as compared with those in the normal group.CONCLUSION Gastric ulcer exhibits certain influences on the velocities and degrees of in vivo absorption and metabolism of active constituents from Shaoyao Gancao Decoction.

Objective:To systematically evaluate the qualitative study on the sexual health needs of patients with ostomy based on theoretical domains framework (TDF), providing reference for clinical care and practice.Methods:A comprehensive search was conducted for qualitative studies on the sexual experience of ostomy patients in the China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data, VIP database, China Biology Medicine, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Elton B. Stephens Company (EBSCO), Elsevier Scopus (SCOPUS), and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) databases, with a timeframe of from the creation of the databases to April 15, 2024. The Joanna Briggs Institute Evidence Based Healthcare Center Critical Appraisal Tool was used to evaluate the quality of eligible literature, and the theoretical domain framework was used to integrate the extracted results.Results:A total of 11 articles were included and 51 results were extracted. Based on the theoretical framework, map the sexual health needs of ostomy patients to six core areas: knowledge, skills, optimism, outcome beliefs, environment and resources, and emotions.Conclusions:Medical staff should pay attention to the sexual health needs of patients with intestinal stomas. Based on the six core areas of knowledge, skills, optimism, outcome beliefs, environment and resources, and emotions, they should deeply explore the factors that affect their sexual health, provide professional guidance and comprehensive care, and improve their sexual health level and quality of life.

Objective To investigate the risk factors for the clinical outcomes of patients with bloodstream infections in emergency in-tensive care unit(EICU)and provide a basis for clinical treatment.Methods The medical records and blood culture records of 141 patients with bloodstream infections in the EICU of our hospital from January 2019 to April 2023 were retrospectively collected.The risk factors leading to patients′death were analyzed by the Logistic regression and the relationships between these factors and patients′sur-vival time and outcomes were evaluated by the Cox regression.Results Among the 141 patients with bloodstream infections in the EICU,the mixed bloodstream infections of two or more bacteria(odds ratio[OR]=5.68,95%confidence interval[CI]:1.20-26.98,P＜0.05)and bloodstream infections of multidrug-resistant bacteria(OR=6.39,95%CI:2.78-14.67,P＜0.01)were significantly cor-related with the patients′death.Whether to adjust medication in a timely manner based on drug sensitivity results(hazard ratio[HR]=0.47,95%CI:0.30-0.74)and bloodstream infections of multidrug-resistant bacteria(HR=2.02,95%CI:1.28-3.20)were the risk factors leading to the death of patients with bloodstream infections in the EICU(P＜0.01).Conclusion Early blood culture to identify the pathogenic bacteria and precise medication to control infection can effectively reduce the mortality of patients with bloodstream in-fections in the EICU.

This study assessed and explored the pharmacological effects and mechanisms of action of IMMH002 {2-amino-2-(2-(4ʹ-(2-ethyloxazol-4-yl)-[1,1ʹ-biphenyl]-4-yl)ethyl)propane-1,3-dio}, a selective sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor subtype 1 (S1P1) modulator, in a concanavalin A (ConA)-induced autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) mouse model. The experimental protocol strictly adhered to the guidelines of the Ethics Committee for Animal Research of the Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College (Approval No.: 00004046). Male ICR mice were pre-treated with the drug for four days, followed by induction of AIH through tail vein injection of ConA protein. Liver function, hepatic tissue pathology, peripheral blood parameters, as well as immunoglobulin G (IgG), inflammatory cytokines, T cell distribution, and inflammatory pathways were evaluated in mice. Results demonstrated that IMMH002 significantly reduced liver function indicators such as alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alleviated hepatic tissue inflammation and necrotic damage, decreased serum IgG levels, and lowered the expression of inflammatory mediators including interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin 1β (IL-1β), and interferon γ (IFN-γ). Additionally, it facilitated T lymphocyte homing, downregulated the phosphorylation of nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB), IκB kinase β (IKKβ) and nuclear factor inhibitor protein-α (IκBα) proteins in hepatic tissue and cellular inflammation models. Collectively, IMMH002 effectively ameliorated ConA-induced autoimmune hepatitis in mice, exhibiting extensive anti-inflammatory and anti-necrotic effects, thereby laying a theoretical foundation for AIH clinical treatment.

Objective:To analyze the accuracy of a single-lead electrocardiogram (iECG) algorithm based on intelligent wristwatch in identifying sinus tachycardia and atrial fibrillation (AF) with rapid ventricular rate.Methods:In this non-randomized control trial, 642 patients aged ≥18 years were enrolled in the General Hospital of Chinese PLA between December 15, 2020 and May 30, 2022, with sinus tachycardia or rapid ventricular rate of AF (ranging from 111 to 145 beats/min for sinus tachycardia, from 110 to 150 beats/min for rapid ventricular rate of AF, respectively). The patients wore Huawei Watch GT2 Pro smartwatches on their left wrists, and the physiological signals detected by the smartwatches in a relaxed state were used as the measured data. The iECG algorithm developed by Huawei was used for identification. Simultaneously, 12-lead electrocardiograms (12L-ECG) were performed, and two cardiologists served as the gold standard for interpretation. Three participants who did not meet the inclusion criteria were excluded based on the detection results, and a total of 639 participants were included in the study. The accuracy of the algorithm in identifying sinus tachycardia and rapid ventricular rate AF was evaluated using metrics such as recall rate, precision rate, macro F1 score for multi-class classification.Results:Among 639 subjects, there were 469 males and 170 females. There were 389 cases of sinus tachycardia and 250 cases of rapid ventricular rate AF, with a mean age of (46.53±13.32) years. The recall rate, precision rate, and F1 value of iECG algorithm in identifying sinus tachycardia was 98.7%, 99.2% and 99.0%, respectively, while it was 98.8%, 98.0% and 98.4%, respectively for AF with rapid ventricular rate. The macro F1 of AF with rapid ventricular rate and sinus tachycardia was 98.7%. The iECG based on the intelligent wristwatch showed good consistency with the corresponding 12L-ECG waveforms.Conclusion:The intelligent wristwatch-based iECG algorithm can effectively identify sinus tachycardia and rapid ventricular rate AF, demonstrating good accuracy.