The aim of this Post-Marketing Surveillance study was to assess efficacy, safety and acceptance of acarbose treatment in Chinese type 2 diabetic patients under day-to-day practice conditions. A total of 2 480 patients were enrolled by 231 physicians throughout China into an open, prospective, uncontrolled, nonrandomised, multi-centre study. Main efficacy parameters were the changes in fasting and postprandial blood glucose concentrations as well as in HbA1c levels after acarbose treatment. The majority of patients had been previously treated with other oral anti-diabetic medication or insulin and received concomitant anti-diabetics during the mean observation period of 13.5 weeks. Most patients started on a daily acarbose dose of 50 mgt. i. d. Acarbose treatment reduced fasting blood glucose concentrations by 56. 1 mg/dl ( 18 mg/dl glucose = 1 mmol/Lglucose) and 2h-postprandial values by 111.3 mg/dl over the studyperiod. HbA1c decreased by 1.9％ and body weight by 0.9 kg. 76 acarbose-related adverse events occurred; two patients experienced serious adverse events.The attending physicians assessed treatment efficacy as "very good" or "good" for 90.1％ of the patients, tolerability for 89.1％ and acarbose acceptance for 87.1％ of the patients. Acarbose is efficacious, safe and well accepted by Chinese type 2 diabetic patients under day-to-day routine conditions, both as anti-diabetic mono therapy and in combination with other anti-diabetic drugs.

Objective To understand the mental health status of officers and soldiers (OSs) in a Chinese army unit,and analyze its relationship with Helicobacter pylori (H.pylori) infection.Methods Cross sectional extraction of 1293 male soldiers from a certain unit of Chinese army in September 2015,aged 17-37 years old,average age 20.5 ± 3.2.Using the symptom self rating scale (SCL-90) to conduct a psychological evaluation,comparison between the evaluation results and the Chinese military norm was conducted to understand the mental health status of OSs in the unit.13C-urea breath test was used to detect H.pylori infection,and the relationship between the positivity rate of various factors,the SCL-90 score and H.pylori infection were analyzed.Ninety OSs who had desire to eradicate H.pylori serves as the experimental group,and 90 H.pylori-infected OSs as control group.The experimental group received quadruple-drug eradication therapy,control group received no drug treatment.SCL-90 scores before and after the treatment were compared,and SCL-90 scores after treatment in the experimental group and those in the control group were also compared for analyzing the relationship between the OSs psychological status and H.pylori infection.Results The SCL-90 score of the OSs was lower than the norm of Chinese army,and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).The psychological screening positive rate was higher in H.pylori-positive OSs than H.pylori-negative those and the positive rates of psychological screening factors somatization,interpersonal sensitivity,hostility and paranoid were higher in H.pylori-positive OSs than in H.Pylorinegative those,and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).After the eradication of H.pylori in the experimental group these factor scores were lower than those before eradication.Compared with control group SCL-90 scores,soldiers somatization,interpersonal sensitivity,anxiety,hostility,paranoid factor score in experimental group after treatment were lower,the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05).Conclusion The mental health is better in OSs in this unit,the negative mental status is obvious in H.pylori-infected OSs than in H.pylori-negative those,and to eradicate H.pylori can improve their psychological state.

The aim of this Post-Marketing Surveillance study was to assess efficacy,safety and acceptance of acarbose treatment in Chinese type 2 diabetic patients under day-to-day practice conditions.A total of 2 480 patients were enrolled by 231 physicians throughout China into an open,prospective,uncontrolled,non- randomised,multi-centre study.Main efficacy parameters were the changes in fasting and postprandial blood glucose concentrations as well as in HbA-(1C) levels after acarbose treatment.The majority of patients had been previously treated with other oral anti-diabetic medication or insulin and received concomitant anti-diabetics during the mean observation period of 13.5 weeks.Most patients started on a daily acarbose dose of 50 mg t.i.d. Acarbose treatment reduced fasting blood glucose concentrations by 56.1 mg/dl ( 18 mg/dl glucose = 1 mmol/L glucose) and 2h-postprandial values by 111.3 mg/dl over the study period.HbA-(1C) decreased by 1.9% and body weight by 0.9 kg.76 acarbose-relatod adverse events occurred;two patients experienced serious adverse events. The attending physicians assessed treatment efficacy as“very good”or“good”for 90.1% of the patients, tolcrability for 89.1% and acarbose acceptance for 87.1% of the patients.Acarbose is efficacious,safe and well accepted by Chinese type 2 diabetic patients under day-to-day routine conditions,both as anti-diabetic mono- therapy and in combination with other anti-dlabetic drugs.

Objective To explore the clinical applicating and efficacy of free fibula osteomyocutane- ous flap in mandible defect reconstruction in osteoradionecrosis patients.Methods The mandible defects were reconstructed by free fibula flaps with or without muscle cuff.The soft tissue defects were repaired by skin paddles.Status of osteotomy in fibula and flap survival was recorded.The complication in recipient site and donor site,as well as mouth opening and occlusion were reviewed.Facial contour and chewing function after reconstruction were evaluated.Results Patients were followed up 3-16 months.4 free fibula flaps with muscle cuff and 5 without muscle cuff survived well.The size of mandible defects covered from 6cm to 17cm. And the harvested fibula flaps with length of 8.6-17cm were cut into 3 segments in 2 cases,and 2 segments in 5 cases.Fibula flap was divided into 2 segments and overlapped in 2 cases.No serious complication was oh- served in recipient site and donor site.Satisfying esthetic result and normal occlusiong of heath mandible were obtained in all cases.The degree of mouth opening was 2.5-3.3cm.Fair chewing function was revealed in re- constructive region after prosthesia repaired.Conclusion Free fibula osteomyocutaneous flap is relatively ideal reconstruction material of mandible defect in osteoradionecrosis patients for its high survival rate and well esthetic results.

Background Age-related cataract is one of the common causes of blindness.Although the pathophysiology of age-related cataract is far from clearly understood,it is well accepted that DNA damage plays an important role in the disease pathogenesis.Objective The purpose of this study was to quantitatively evaluate the DNA damage in peripheral lymphocytes of age-related cataract.Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out.This study complied Declaration of Helsinki and approved by Ethic Committee of Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University.Written informed consent was obtained from each subject.Two hundred and eleven patients with agerelated cataract and 147 normal subjects were enrolled from a “ Jiangsu Eye Study:Funing 2011 Eye Disease Epidemic Survey”.All the subjects aged from 50 through 80 years with matched age and gender between the two groups.The percentage of tail DNA and Olive tail moment (OTM) were detected by comet assay to assess the extent of DNA damage in peripheral lymphocytes.Statistical analyses were performed with SPSS 17.0 software,and the differences of the percentage of tail DNA and OTM were compared between the age-related cataract group and normal control group by independent sample t test as well as among the 50-59 years group,60-69 years group and ≥70 years group by one-way analysis of variance.Results Comet assay showed a round lymph cell with the clear border in the normal group;while in the age-related cataract group,the cell was bigger with a comet-like tail.The percentage of tail DNA and OTM in peripheral lymphocytes were (21.75 ± 3.51) ％ and 6.54 ± 1.65 in the age-related cataract group,and those in the normal control group were (9.31 ±3.60)％ and 2.18 ± 1.10,respectively,with significant differences between them (t =32.67,P =0.00 ; t =28.02,P =O.00).In the 50-59 years subgroup of the age-related cataract group,the percentage of tail DNA and OTM in peripheral lymphocytes were (20.04±2.86) ％ and 5.92± 1.14,and in the 60-69 years subgroup of the age-related cataract group,the percentage of tail DNA and OTM in peripheral lymphocytes were (20.77 ±2.93) ％ and 6.13 ± 1.14,which were significantly reduced in comparison with (22.79 ± 3.67)％ and 6.95±1.91 of the ≥70years subgroup(TailDNA％:q=2.75,P=0.00; q=2.02,P=0.00;OTM:q=1.03,P =0.02 ; q =0.82,P =0.00).Conclusions The pathogenesis and development of age-related cataract probably is associated with DNA damage.

ObjectiveTo explore the characteristics and rehabilitation of dysarthria patients who speak mandarin. Methods18 patients were rehabilitated with physiologic approach for 40 d. Before and after rehabilitation, maximum phonation time (MPT), frequency, tone and expiratory rate were tested with phonolaryngeal graph, while forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), maximum midexpiratory flow (MMF), peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) were tested with Microspiro; Articulation and intelligibility were tested with mandarin words table and rate of sentence and paragraph. ResultsCompared with that before intervention, MPT of the patients were longer after intervention (P<0.05). The FVC was lower than normal rate before intervention and it was remarkable higher after intervention(P<0.01).Correct rate of sentence and paragraph was remarkable higher(P<0.01). ConclusionTests of Phono-laryngograph, Microspiro and correct rate of sentence are good comprehensive evaluation methods to speech and phonation of dysarthria. Physiologic approach to rehabilitation can remarkably improve patient's communication ability.

The chromatographic fingerprint of Gastrodia elata Bl. (Tianma) was developed to compare the quality of Tianma samples from different habitats and processing methods. The above analysis method was established by HPLC-DAD technique. And an HPLC method was used to analysis the contents of gastrodin (GAS) and p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol (HBA) in Tianma from different habitats and processed methods. Experiments of chromatographic fingerprint analysis were carried out with a Zorbax XDB C18 column (250 mm x 4.6 mm, 5 microm). The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile and 0.1% aqueous acetic acid in gradient elution mode. The column was maintained at 25 degrees C. Detection was set at 270 nm. The mass spectra were recorded using as ESI source in the negative mode with ion spray voltage at 3500 V, source temperature at 335 degrees C, gas spray at 8.3 kPa and gas flow rate at 9 L x min(-1). The HPLC methods of quantitative analysis were the same as those of chromatographic fingerprint analysis except the mobile phase, which consisted of acetonitrile and 0.1% aqueous acetic acid in isocratic elution mode with the ratio of 4.5 to 95.5 (v/v). Data of chromatographic fingerprint were analyzed by the "similarity evaluation system for chromatographic fingerprint of TCM (Version 2004 A)" software to compare the quality of Tianma. Samples from different habitats with the same processing method were of high similarity, though a few samples showed evident difference in fingerprint graphics. For Tianma samples with different processing methods, the contents of common peaks were different and the processing method of freezing to dry was better than others. With HPLC-MS technique, 8 major common peaks in the fingerprint of Tianma were identified by their MS spectra and comparison with the reference standards. The results of similarity analysis for chromatographic fingerprint were basically consistent with those of quantitative analysis. The established HPLC-DAD/MS methods can be used to evaluate the quality of Tianma.
Benzyl Alcohols ; analysis ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Gastrodia ; chemistry ; Glucosides ; analysis ; Mass Spectrometry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Quality Control ; Rhizome ; chemistry

AIMTo develop methods for the fingerprint analysis of Rhizoma Coptidis and the determination of berberine, palmatine and jatrorrhizine in Rhizoma Coptidis, and analyze the contents of these three alkaloids in Rhizoma Coptidis under different cultivation conditions, from different areas and processed with different methods.

METHODSTwo methods (HPLC-UV and HPLC-MS) have been developed and used in fingerprint analysis of Rhizoma Coptidis. An HPLC method was used to determine the contents of three alkaloids.

RESULTSWith HPLC-MS techniques, seven major chromatographic peaks in the fingerprint analysis of Rhizoma Coptidis were identified by their MS spectra and compared with the reference standards. In different cultivation conditions, shading conditions and growing ages have obvious influence on the contents of three alkaloids in Rhizoma Coptidis, while planting density was not the major factor that influenced the contents of three alkaloids. The contents of three alkaloids of Coptidis samples were almost higher than those of Coptidis reference material. For Coptidis samples from different cultivation area, the contents of these three alkaloids were different greatly. For Coptidis samples processed with different methods, the contents of three alkaloids were not influenced obviously by processing methods.

CONCLUSIONThe results showed that the ecology cultivation method to replace the traditional shading method was feasible and provided the theoretical foundation for scientifically processing Rhizoma Coptidis.

Berberine ; analogs & derivatives ; analysis ; standards ; Berberine Alkaloids ; analysis ; China ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Coptis ; chemistry ; growth & development ; Ecosystem ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; growth & development ; Quality Control ; Reference Standards ; Reproducibility of Results ; Rhizome ; chemistry ; growth & development ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization ; methods

OBJECTIVETo study the X-ray and CT findings of traumatic bronchial rupture for early radiographic diagnosis and treatment.

METHODSThe chest plain X-ray films and CT images of 21 patients with traumatic bronchial rupture confirmed by operations or bronchoscopy were retrospectively analyzed.

RESULTSThe main radiographic findings of traumatic bronchial rupture included interrupted tracheobronchial air column, atelectasis, lung ptosis, pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema, pneumothorax or hydropneumothorax. CT scanning also revealed tracheobronchial wall defect, bronchostenosis, and bronchial occlusion, displacement and angulation.

CONCLUSIONChest plain X-ray film combined with CT scanning has important values for early diagnosis of traumatic bronchial rupture.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Bronchi ; injuries ; surgery ; Bronchoscopy ; Early Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Rupture ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Young Adult

The present study is to determine the flavonoid glycosides, terpene lactones, biflavones, gingko acid and procyanidins of ginkgo pollen. UPLC-TQ-MS technology was used for the determination of 24 kinds of resource chemical composition in ginkgo pollen qualitatively and quantitatively. The results shows that the contents of rutin, quercetion 3-O-[4-O-(α-L-rhamnosyl )-β-D-glucoside] and kaempferolis were 120.9, 114.0, 222.1 μg x g(-1). In this paper, the contents of 24 kinds of chemical components of ginkgo pollen were determinated by UPLC-TQ-MS for the first time. This method is simple and quick, which will be benefit for recycling utilization of ginkgo pollen.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Flavonoids ; analysis ; Ginkgo biloba ; chemistry ; Mass Spectrometry ; Pollen ; chemistry ; Proanthocyanidins ; analysis ; Rutin ; analysis ; Terpenes ; analysis