Objective To observe the effect of the dental operative microscope(DOM) and the ultrasonic apparatus in detecting the mesiobuccal root canal orifice of the maxillary first permanent molar(MFPM). Methods According to traditional method,the pulp chamber was opened and the second mesiobuccal root canals(MB2) were explored in 76 MFPM teeth.If MB2 was not found,then we modified the shapes of the pulp chambers and detected the orifices.At last,MB2,not found under naked eyes,was explored with DOM and ultrasonic technique. Results The detection rate of the second mesiobuccal orifice of MFPM was 81.6%.The rate was only 31.6% when using traditional method,while after modifying the shapes of the pulp chambers there was an increase of 30.2% under naked eyes and then another 19.7% increase was obtained by using DOM and ultrasonic apparatus.The distance between two mesiobuccal root canal orifices was(1.42?0.51) mm. Conclusion It is helpful to find some invisible orifice of MB2 by using DOM and ultrasonic technique,and it would be beneficial to improve the root canal therapy.

Cell Line, Tumor ; Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; pathology

Objective To learn the current obstetric beds allocation,obstetric service delivery and access in midwifery institutions at various levels in the localities and nationwide as well as the trends,and assess the equity of obstetric beds allocation,for the purpose of recommending on a reasonable adjustment of obstetric beds allocation in these institutions.Methods Random sampling made in 44 cities in China for questionnaire survey on obstetric beds allocation,service delivery and utilization in 2008～2010 at all midwifery institutions in these cities.Interview of health administrators and medical workers at obstetric of midwifery institutions in 6 counties.Results Every thousand square kilometers in China average 5.9 midwifery institutions,and every thousand people average 0.24 obstetric beds.During 2008 ～ 2010,the number of beds and midwifery service delivery kept a growing trend while in townships obstetric service deliveries maintain a falling trend.The fairness index of maternity beds layout nationwide is 0.021283.Obstetric beds supply and demand ratio in different regions ranges among 0.97～ 1.41.The number of deliveries made in county level hospitals is 54.1％,but the beds in such hospitals account for but 48.1％.Conclusion The equity of obstetric beds allocation is good in terms of population layout.The quantity of obstetric beds meets the current needs nationwide,while the allocation of obstetric beds is less than reasonable among obstetric institutions of various levels in the country.The authors recommend a better control and adjustment of midwifery institutions layout,especially more such hospitals at the township level to meet the need of women delivery in hospital in remote areas.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effect mechanism of warm acupuncture combined with auricular point sticking therapy and its efficacy on insomnia by monitoring the level of brain neurotransmitters in the insomnia patients.

METHODSOne hundred and thirty patients with insomnia were randomized into an observation group and a control group, 65 cases in each one. In the observation group, based on the treating principle of warming yang and benefiting qi, acupuncture was applied to Xinshu (BL 15), Pishu (BL 20), Shenshu (BL 23), Yaoyangguan (GV 3), Baihui (GV 20), Neiguan (PC 6) and Shenmen (HT 7). Warm acupuncture was supplemented at Xinshu (BL 15), Pishu (BL 20), Shenshu (BL 23) and Yaoyangguan (GV 3). The treatment was given once every day. In the control group, estazolam tablets, 0. 5 to 1 mg were prescribed for oral administration, 30 min before sleep at night. The treatment of 14 days was taken as one session and 2 sessions were required in the two groups. The encephal of luctuograph technology was used to observe the sleep quality and brain neurotransmitters before and after treatment in the two groups and the efficacy was compared between the two groups.

RESULTSThe total effective rate was 83.1% (54/65) in the observation group and 87.7% (57/65) in the control group. The efficacy was similar between the two groups (P > 0.05). In the observation group, after treatment, 5-HT and GABA/Glu were all increased compared with those before treatment (P < 0.05, P < 0.01) and norepinephrine (NE) was reduced compared with that before treatment (P < 0.05). The level of each index did not change significantly before and after treatment in the control group (all P > 0.05). The regulations of 5-HT, GABA/Glu in the observation group were superior to those in the control group (all P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe combined therapy of warm acupuncture and auricular point sticking method for warming yang and benefiting qi effectively improves brain neurotransmitters and essentially improves sleep quality of the patients with insomnia differentiated as yang deficiency pattern.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Acupuncture, Ear ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neurotransmitter Agents ; metabolism ; Serotonin ; metabolism ; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders ; metabolism ; therapy ; Treatment Outcome ; Yang Deficiency ; metabolism ; therapy ; Young Adult ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid ; metabolism

Objective To explore the effectiveness and adverse effect of high frequency oscillation ventilation (HFOV) combined with Sildenafil (SIL) treatment on newborns with persistent pulmonary hypertension (PPHN).Methods A total of 89 cases of PPHN infants collected from Chengdu Women and Children's Central Hospital from Sep.2010 to Sep.2012 were randomly divided into HFOV group,constant mechanical ventilation (CMV) group,HFOV combined SIL group (HFOV + SIL group) and CMV combined with SIL group (CMV + SIL group).The arterial blood gas,pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) and adverse reactions were monitored before and 3 days after treatment.SNK multiple comparison method andx2 test were performed for data before and after treatment among groups for continuous variables and categorical variables,respectively.Results The levels of pa (O2) [(79.1 ± 13.7) mmHg (1 mmHg =0.133 kPa),(77.9 ±14.6) mmHg,(85.4 ±15.2) mmHg],Sa(O2) [(87.8 ±13.4)％,(88.4±15.6)％,(96.1±15.9)％],pa(CO2)[(42.5±11.3) mmHg,(40.2 ±10.5) mmHg,(35.6 ±8.7) mmHg] and PAP [(31.1 ± 8.1) mmHg,(30.4 ± 9.5) mmHg,(25.8 ± 7.3) mmHg] were all improved significantly in CMV + SIL group,HFOV group and HFOV + SIL group compared with those in CMV group[(69.9 ± 12.3) mmHg,(81.1 ± 14.9)％,(48.1 ±9.5) mmHg,(35.6 ±8.9) mmHg] (F =4.629 3,3.673 2,5.865 3,4.849 5,P ＜0.05),especially for HFOV + SIL group(P ＜ 0.05).No significant difference in such indicators was observed between CMV + SIL group and HFOV group (P ＞ 0.05).The effective rate in HFOV + SIL group (90％) was the highest among the 4 groups (x2 =7.938,P ＜ 0.05).During the treatment,all neonates have no adverse reaction.Conclusion The combined use of SIL and HFOV might be a more effective and safer method in the treatment of PPHN of neonate.

Atrial Fibrillation ; therapy ; Catheter Ablation ; adverse effects ; Female ; Humans ; Pulmonary Veins ; Venous Thrombosis ; etiology

Objective To compare and quantify the determinants in quantitative electroencephalogram(q-EEG) and heart rate variability power spectrum analysis(HRV-PSA) of ketamme(KTM) anesthesia for preschoolers. Methods Seventy four cases were selected and assigned into 3 groups named A(4-5 years), B(5-6 years), C(6-7 years), 22,28,24 cases in every group respectively. All cases were induced with KTM 5 mg /kg intramuscularly and changes of determinants were recorded continuously. If body movement happened, KTM would be injected with 1 mg/kg. Results On pre- anesthesia, BIS in group A was the least among 3 groups, while LF/HF and HRVI were the largest(P

Objective To investigate the effect of hydrogen sulfide(H2S)on gene expression of adenosine triphosphate(ATP)-sensitive K+ channel(KATP)of aortic smooth muscle cells(ASMC)in rat.Methods Male Sprague-Dawley(SD)rats were used in the study.The original generation cells were obtained by modified tissue piece inoculation.The passaged cells were used.The ASMC were divided into 2 groups:H2S group of different dosages and control group.The contents of sodium hydrosulfide in the culture media of H2S group were 10-5,10-4 and 10-3 mol/L respectively,and the same volume of normal saline was added to control group.Each group was treated for 24 hours.Morphology of the cells was observed by inverted microscope and identified by immunohistochemical method employing ?-smooth muscle-actin.The expressions of SUR2B and Kir6.1 were identified by immunohistochemical SP technology.The SUR2B mRNA and Kir6.1 mRNA levels were assayed by real time fluorescence relative quantitative polymerase chain reaction.Results The passaged cells developed typical growth pattern peak and valley and the 97th percent of the cells expressed the smooth muscle specific differentiation marker ?-smooth muscle-actin.SUR2B and Kir6.1 could be detected in ASMC by immunohistochemical technology.They were both located at cytoplasmic and cytomembrane but not in at nucleus.Compared with control group,SUR2B mRNA and Kir6.1 mRNA levels in H2S groups were higher than those in control group in a dosage-dependent mode.Conclusions H2S can increased the expression KATP channel SUR2B mRNA and Kir6.1 mRNA levels of ASMC.J Appl Clin Pediatr,2009,24(1):21-23

BACKGROUNDKetamine is hypothesized to reduce perioperative endocrine-metabolic and inflammatory responses in cardiac surgery patients. This randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study was performed to determine whether perioperative endocrine-metabolic and inflammatory responses are attenuated by preoperative administration of ketamine to healthy females receiving elective laparoscopic surgery.

METHODSForty female patients with American Society of Anesthesiologist classification I or II who elected to receive gynecological laparoscopic surgery were randomly assigned to the ketamine-treated (group K; n = 20) or control (group C; n = 20) group. At 2 minutes prior to induction patients in group K received ketamine (0.25 mg/kg) whereas those in group C received normal saline. All patients received standardized general anesthesia. Serum glucose and cortisol values were measured before ketamine administration (T0), 2 minutes after tracheal intubation (T1), 30 minutes after skin incision (T2), 2 minutes after tracheal extubation (T3) and 1 hour postoperatively (T4). Serum interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α values were determined at T0 and T4. Postoperative analgesic efficacy, side effects of administered drugs, and time to discharge were recorded.

RESULTSCompared with subjects in group C, those in group K had lower serum glucose values at T1, T2, T3 and T4 and lower serum cortisol values at T4 (P < 0.05). Postoperative interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α concentrations for group K were lower than those for group C (P < 0.05). Postoperative visual analog scale scores at rest, cumulative fentanyl consumption, and time to discharge were lower in group K as compared to group C (P < 0.05). No significant differences in drug side effects were observed postoperatively between the two groups.

CONCLUSIONEndocrine-metabolic and inflammatory responses to laparoscopic surgery are attenuated in part by pre-incisional administration of ketamine.

Analgesics ; therapeutic use ; Double-Blind Method ; Female ; Gynecologic Surgical Procedures ; Humans ; Inflammation ; drug therapy ; prevention & control ; Ketamine ; therapeutic use ; Laparoscopy ; methods

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) combined with psychological interference on abstinence symptom such as network craving and anxiety in internet addiction disorder (IAD) and explore its mechanism.

METHODSOne hundred and twenty cases of IAD were randomly divided into EA group, psychotherapy group and EA plus psychotherapy group (combined therapy group). In EA group, Baihui (GV 20), Sishencong (EX-HN 1), Hegu (LI 4), Neiguan (PC 6), Taichong (LR 3) and Sanyinjiao (SP 6) were selected in EA, once every 2 days, for 20 sessions totally. In psychotherapy group, the cognition and behavior therapy was applied, once every 4 days, for 10 sessions totally. In combined therapy group, EA combined with psychological interference was administered. The changes in IAD self-scale table, network craving scale, ZUNG self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) and S spectrum of encephalofluctuogram (ET) were observed before and after treatment.

RESULTSAfter treatment, the results of IAD self-scale table, network craving scale and ZUNG SAS in combined therapy group were reduced significantly as compared with those before treatment (all P < 0.01) and the score of IAD self-scale table was lower significantly as compared with EA group and psychotherapy group (P < 0.01, P < 0.05), and the score of network craving scale was lower than that in psychotherapy group (P < 0.01). S11 spectrum in combined therapy group decreased significantly as compared with that before treatment (P < 0.05) and was lower significantly as compared with psychotherapy group and EA group (both P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONElectroacupuncture combined with psychological interference can reduce network craving and anxiety of IAD patients and its mechanism is probably related with the decrease of dopamine content in central system.

Acupuncture Points ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Behavior, Addictive ; physiopathology ; psychology ; therapy ; Brain ; physiopathology ; Child ; Electroacupuncture ; Electroencephalography ; Female ; Humans ; Internet ; Male ; Young Adult