Objective To study the correlation between vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in clear renal cell carcinoma (CRCC).Methods In 60 cases of CRCC and 10 cases of normal renal tissue,immunohistochemistry was used to examine the expression of COX-2 and VEGF.Results The positive expression rate of COX-2 in CRCC (76.7％) was significantly higher than that in normal renal tissue (20％) (x2 =10.28,P ＜0.01).The positive expression rate of VEGF in CRCC(73.3％) was significantly higher than that in normal renal tissue (20％) (x2 =8.58,P ＜0.01).The expressions of COX-2 and VEGF in CRCC were correlated with each other (r =0.469,P ＜0.01).Conclusions The expressions of COX-2 and VEGF were involved in the pathophysiolical processes of clear renal cell carcinoma.The expression levels of COX-2 and VEGF might be used to evaluate the development of clear renal cell carcinoma.

Objective To establish an HPLC method for the determination of lobetyolin in Shengmai Granules. Methods ZORBAX SB-C18(250mm×4.6 mm,5μm) column was used, the mobile phase consisted acetonitrile:0.1% acetic acid (22:78, v/v), the flow rate was 0.8 ml/min, the column temperature was 30℃ and the detecting wavelength was 267 nm. Results The cablibration curve showed good linear relation within a range of 0.082～ 1.640 mg/ml, the average recovery was 98.5% and the RSD was 0.70%.Conclusion The method was simple, repeatable and accurate. It can be applied in quantitative determination of lobetyolin in Shengmai Granules.

Humans ; Integrative Medicine ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; trends

ObjectiveTo observe the dynamic changes of blood perfusion and hypoxic status by CT perfusion imaging and hypoxia imaging in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after treatment with recombinant human endostatin (RHES). MethodsA total 15 patients with NSCLC were randomly divided into treatment group (n = 10) and control group (n = 5). The patients in treatment group continuouly received the treatment with RHES (7.5 mg/m2) by intravenous infusion for ten days, and CT perfusion imaging and hypoxia imaging were performed at day 1, 5 and 10,respectively. The time window' was observed with the blood perfusion status and hypoxic changes.ResultsIn the treatment group, capillary permeability surface (PS) and tumor to normal tissue (T/N) were firstly decreased, and then increased. Their lowest points occurred at about the fifth day. PS showed statistical significance compared with the first day (q1.5 = 12.05, P＜0.01 ) and no significance compared with the tenth day(q10.5 = 2.79, P=0.69), while T/N showed a significant difference between above time points (q1.5 = 73.81, q10.5 = 20.6, P = 0.00).Blood flow (BF) was firstly increased, and then decreased.Its highest point appeared at about the fifth day with statistical significance compared with the first and tenth day (q1.5 = 12.29, q10.5 = 10.48, P＜0.01 ). All the PS,BF and T/N between the fifth day in treatment group and the control group showed statistically significance (all P ＜ 0.01 ).Conclusions The time window of recombinant human endostatin improving blood perfusion and hypoxic status in non-small cell lung cancer is within about one week after administration.

Objective To evaluate the value of 2D ultrasound and elastic strain ratio (SR) in diagnosis of thyroid nodule by fine needle aspiration (FNA).Methods 196 thyroid nodules were analyzed retrospectively with 2D ultrasound,elastography and FNA results,pathology results as the golden standard.A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to identify the best cut-off point of SR.The Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the variables effectiveness on age,nodule echo,calcification and SR.Tried to discuss how to use SR before or after US-FNA in diagnosis of thyroid nodule.Results The SR of the malignant nodules group was significantly different from the benign nodules group,and the best cut-off point was 0.5 with sensitivity 91.7％,specificity 90.2 ％ and accuracy 90.8 ％.The Logistic analysis results were SR,age,echo,calcification according to the odds ratio.SR can screened nodules without puncture necessary before FNA,and increase the FNA sensitivity,specificity and accuracy after FNA.Conclusions SR has good application value in diagnosis thyroid malignant tumor.SR can reduce unnecessary FNA and make a supplementary diagnosis of FNA.

Objective To investigate the influential factors for refracture of the adjacent vertebral body following percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) treatment of patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs).Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on OVCFs patients undergone mono-segmental PVP from July 2007 to March 2010.Patients' age,gender,bone density,bone cement infusion dosage,bone cement leakage and pre-and post-operative fracture reduction were documented.Kaplan-Meier remaining rate curve was used to predict the trend of time to refracture.The related factors for adjacent vertebral body refracture following PVP were analyzed.Results In all,216 patients (98 males and 118 females; age range of 55-76 years,average 65.4 years) were enrolled in this study.Follow-up lasted for 12-18 months.Ninety-two patients sustained refracture including 68 patients with refracture of the adjacent vertebral body.Refracture of the adjacent vertebral body presented time-concentrated tendency and 66％ (45/68) occurred within 100 days followed by a notably lower incidence.Whereas the time to refracture of the non-adjacent vertebral body was not obviously centralized.Bone cement infusion dosage and vertebral body reset condition were strongly associated with the refracture incidence of the adjacent vertebral body,while opposite results were observed in regard of age,gender,bone density and bone cement leakage (or not).Conclusion PVP predisposes OVCFs patients to refracture of the adjacent vertebral body and its influential factors may be associated with bone cement infusion dosage and vertebral body reduction condition.

Objective To investigate the influence of previous abdominopelvic surgery on gynecological laparoscopic operation.Methods A retrospective analysis of 3 283 cases of gynecological diseases by laparoscopic operation patients in Peking University First Hospital from 2007 January to 2012 December,among them,719(21.90％) patients with previous abdominopelvic surgery history (study Group),2 564 (78.10％) patients have no history of abdominopelvic surgery (control group).Study group 719 patients,previous operation times:one time in 525 cases,194 cases were multiple; previous operation:185 cases of gynecological surgery,305 cases of obstetric surgery,108 cases of general surgery,and 121 complex surgery (include at least two kinds of surgery) ;previous operative approach:650 cases laparotomy and 69 cases laparoscopy.Compared two groups of patients with abdominopelvic adhesion and the gynecologic laparoscopic operation situation,analyzed the influence of previous abdominopelvic surgery on abdominopelvic adhesionon and gynecological laparoscopic operation.Results The incidence of abdominopelvic adhesion in the patients with previous abdominopelvic surgery was 51.2％ (368/719),which was significantly higher than that of 8.2％ (211/2 564) in patients without previous abdominopelvic surgery (P＜0.01).But the study group score (median 3) and the degree of abdominopelvic adhesion [mild 49.7％ (183/368),moderate 36.1％ (133/368),severe 14.1％ (52/368)] compared with the control group score (median 2) and degree [mild 55.0％(116/211),moderate 25.6％(54/211),and severe 19.4％(41/211)] were no statistical difference (P=0.930,P=0.684).Super-umbilical primary trocar site were chosen more common in patients with previous abdominopelvic surgery (23.1％,166/719) was significantly higher than that in the control group (3.3％,85/2 564; P＜0.01).And the rate of conversion to laparotomy was 0.6％ (4/719)significantly more than the control groups(0.l％,2/2 564; P=0.023).Compared with other groups,patients with gynecological or complex surgery or multiple operation history presented more severe abdominopelvic adhesion both in the score and degree (P＜0.01).The rate of super-umbilical primary trocar site,hospitalization time,operation time and bleeding during operation in patients with multiple operation history were significantly higher than those with single operation history (P＜0.05) ; the rate of blood transfusion,postoperative complication and conversion to laparotomy showed no statistical difference between the two groups (P＞0.05).Conclusion The laparoscopic operation could be carried out successfully and safely in patients with a history of various abdominopelvic operations,but the conversion rate increases,for patients with a history of multiple operation because of pelvic adhesion increases the difficulty of the laparoscopic operatio

Objective To study the skills of laparoscopy for hight difficulty eholecystectomy.Method Forty-eight cases of hight difficulty laparoscopic cholecystectomy from July 2005 to July 2007 were analyzed retrospectively. Result In 48 cases, 5 cases were converted to open surgery, 2 cases suffered in-cision infection, all the patients recovered. Conclusion According to the operating status and experience of the performer, Calot triangle dissection and judge good opportunity to change open surgery are the key faetora to the successful operation for difficult and complex laparoscopie cholecystectomy, which is safe and feasible.

Objective: To develop an HPLC-ELSD method for the simultaneous determination of six saponins constituents including notoginsenoside R1, ginsenoside Rg1, ginsenoside Re, ginsenoside Rb1, ginsenoside Rc and ginsenoside Rd in Xinling pills.Methods: HPLC-ELSD was used, and the chromatographic separation was performed on an Agilent Eclipse XBD-C18 column (150 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm) with acetonitrile-water as the mobile phase with gradient elution at the flow rate of 1.0 ml·min-1, the column temperature was maintained at 20℃, the drift tube temperature was 60℃, and the gas pressure was 4.00 bar.Results: Notoginsenoside R1, ginsenoside Rg1, ginsenoside Re, ginsenoside Rb1, ginsenoside Rc and ginsenoside Rd was linear within the range of 0.30-6.00μg(r=0.999 5), 1.14-22.80μg (r=0.999 6), 0.17-3.40 μg (r=0.999 7), 0.81-16.20 μg (r=0.999 7), 0.08-1.60 μg (r=0.999 8) and 0.07-1.40 μg (r=0.999 8), respectively.The average recovery was 98.23%, 97.98%, 99.14%, 99.15%, 98.72% and 98.37%, and the RSDs were 1.56%, 1.31%, 1.16%, 1.07%, 0.73% and 0.92%(n=6), respectively.Conclusion: The method is convenient, accurate and reproducible in the quality control of saponins components in Xinling pills

Objective To discuss the emergency interventional therapy for ureter invasion by CACX, obstructive bilateral hydronephrosis and uremia complicated with hemorrhoea. Methods 5 cases with ureter invasion by CACX, obstructive bilateral hydronephrosis and uremia suffered from hemorrhoea during hemodialysis, who were performed with emergency interventional therapy. Results After therapy, hemostasis were realized in all cases, and all symptoms were alleviated, such as vaginal fluid and fall-swell in pelvis. The short-term total effective rate was 100% . Conclusion Interventional chemoembolization can be used in the treatment of CACX with acute hemorrhoea.