Child ; Evidence-Based Medicine ; Guidelines as Topic ; Humans ; Nephrotic Syndrome ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Steroids ; therapeutic use

Aiming at the weakness of the medical graduate students' ideological and political education,we developed the new mode via investigation and surveying,allowing for the medical characteristics. We suggested that we should bring into full play the tutors and their groups function and excavate the connotation of groups’ morality education on the basis of the scientific research groups to develop the medical students' ideological and political education.

Objective To investigate the trend of developmental expression of GluR2,subtype of alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionic acid(AMPA) receptor and synaptophysin(SYP) in the rat cochlear nucleus(CN) in different developmental stages,and explore the association of GluR2 expression with the development of synapse. Methods SD rats of 2,3,4,6,8 and 10 weeks old were selected,the expression of GluR2 and SYP in CN was detected with immunofluorescence histochemical method,and the association of them was explored. Results GluR2 expression was observed in all the neurons of CN in each postnatal groups.The expression was relatively weaker in the second and third week,became denser in the fourth week,reached the peak in the sixth week and then sharply decreased to the weakest in the tenth week.The expression of GluR2 was denser at granular cell layer,while weaker at molecular layer and multipolar cell layer in the dorsal CN.SYP expression was detected in all the neurons of CN in each postnatal groups.The expression was weakest in the second week,significantly denser in the fourth week,reached the peak in the sixth week,was then sharply decreased and stably maintained. Conclusion The expressions of GluR2 and SYP in the postnatal rat CN exhit an equally age-dependent tendency.The expression of GluR2 in the CN may be associated with the the maturation and function development of the CN.The different expression and distribution of GluR2 and SYP in the rat CN of different developmental stages may be involved in the development and plasticity of auditory center.

Objective To evaluate the effect of penehyclidine hydrochloride (PHC) on the level of angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1) and tyrosine kinase receptor-2 (Tie-2) during endotoxin-induced acute lung injury (ALI) in rats.Methods Forty adult male Sprague-Dawley rats,weighing 180-220 g,were randomly divided into 4 groups using a random number table (n =10 each):control group (group C),ALI group,low-dose PHC group (group L-PHC) and high-dose PHC group (group H-PHC).ALI was induced with iv injection of lipopolysaccharide 5.0 mg/kg via the tail vein.In L-PHC and H-PHC groups,PHC 0.6 and 2 mg/kg were injected,respectively,via the tail vein at 1 and 24 h after lipopolysaccharide injection.The rats were sacrificed at 48 h after the initial injection of PHC to measure the lung water content,protein concentration in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF),and the expression of Ang-1,Tie-2 and phosphorylated Tie-2 in lung tissues.The morphological changes of lung tissues were observed under light microscope and the ultrastructural changes of alveolar epithelial barrier under transmission electron microscope.Results Compared with group C,the lung water content and protein concentrations in BALF were significantly increased,and the expression of Ang-1 and phosphorylated Tie-2 was down-regulated in the other three groups (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with group ALI,the lung water content and protein concentrations in BALF were significantly decreased,and the expression of Ang-1 and phosphorylated Tie-2 was up-regulated in H-PHC group (P ＜ 0.05),and no significant changes were found in the parameters mentioned above in group L-PHC (P ＞0.05).The damage to lung tissues was significantly reduced in group H-PHC as compared with group ALI.Conclusion PHC can improve the permeability of pulmonary microvascular and reduce injury to alveolar epithelial barrier,thus ameliorating endotoxin-induced ALI in rats,and the effect is dose-related and up-regulation of Ang-1 expression and inhancement of Tie-2 activity are involved in the mechanism.

Abscess ; complications ; Adult ; Brain Abscess ; complications ; Female ; Humans ; Meningocele ; complications ; Nasal Cavity ; pathology ; Nose Diseases ; complications

ObjectiveDiabetes is an independent risk factor for coronary artery bypasss grafting(CABG). Off pump coronary artery bypasss (OPCAB) experience in 251 cases was reviewed to determine whether diabetes wou ld be applicable in OPCAB procedures.MethodsConsecutive 251 patients underwent OPCAB over 12 month period. This study included 71 diebetic patients (DM group) and 180 nondiabetic patients (NDM group). Preoperative v ariables were compared between the two groups by univariate analysis.R esultsNo differences were found regarding the length of stay in cardio intensive care unit [DM group(2.4?0.3)d; NDM group (2.4?0.3) d;P=0. 386], and sternal complication (DM group: 5.7%;NDM group: 3.9%;P=0.511) . In hospital complications were as follows: death rate(DM group: 2.8%; NDM gr oup: 1.1%; P=0.680); stroke (DM group: 2 8%; NDM group: 1 7%; P=0 623 ); hemofiltratioin renal failure (DM group: 2.8%; NDM group: 0.5%; P=0.194); myocardial infarction(DM group: 0%; NDM group: 0.5%;P=1.000); blood using were more frequent in DM group comparied with NDM group (P=0.111). ConclusionOPCAB in diabetic patients is as safe as in non diabetic patients.

Objective To compare the effect of compression hollow screw fixation,artificial femoral head replacement and total hip replacement in the elderly.Methods From August 2007 to April 2009,152 cases of femoral neck fracture in the elderly were divided into three groups: compression hollow screw fixation group(54 patients,24 males,with an average age of 59.8±5.3 years);artificial femoral head replacement group(48 patients,16 males,with an average age of 65.3±6.7 years);and total hip replacement group(50 patients,18 males,with an average age of 77.3±6.5 years).The evaluation indicators,including the average sugical time,the average amount of bleeding,the average length of stay and the average postopererative bed time,were compared respectively among the three groups.The postoperative evaluation was made according to Harris Score.Results Harris score in the three groups were 21 excellent and 23 good in the compression hollow screw fixation group,with an average score of 80.52±2.70;26 excellent and 14 good in the artificial femoral head replacement group,with an average score of 86.57±1.90;and 42 excellent and 3 good in the total hip replacement group,with an average score of 96.04±2.10.The total hip replacement group was significantly better than the other two groups(H=0.589,F=12.151,Ps＜0.05).The rate of postoperative complications were 25.93%(14/54) in the compression hollow screw fixation group,18.75%(9/48) in the artificial femoral head replacement group and 4.00%(2/50) in the total hip replacement group(H=1.291,P＜0.05).Conclusion Compared among the three surgery,total hip replacement could resume function and improve the quality of life better,with lower rate of complications.However,the surgical injury and the amount of bleeding were largest.Therefore,we suggest selecting appropriate surgery with considering the patient′s age,physical condition,displacement degree of the fracture,et al.in old femoral neck fractures patients.

Objective To study the effect of oxymatrine on p-STAT3 and PIAS3 signaling molecule and it's mRNA expression in the proliferation of the human mesangial cells (HMCs) induced by lipopolysaccharide(LPS) and to explore their relationship. Methods HMCs were divided into three groups: control group, LPS group and oxymatrine group. HMC proliferation was detected by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay. Type Ⅳ collagen in the supernatants of the cultured HMCs was detected by ELISA at 12, 24, 48 hours respectively. At the same time, the protein and mRNA expressions of p-STAT3 and PIAS3 were measured by Western blot and real-time quantitative RT-PCR. Results The cell proliferation, the mRNA and protein expression of type Ⅳ collagen, p-STAT3 in LPS group were increased compared with the control group (P<0.01), but they were decreased in oxymatrine group (P < 0.01). The expressions of protein and mRNA of PIAS3 in LPS group were decreased significantly compared with control group (P<0.01), but they were increased in oxymatrine group (P<0.01). Conclusion Oxymatrine can down-regulate the expression of p-STAT3 and up-regulate the expression of PIAS3, which plays an important role in the process of LPS-induced HMCs proliferation.

The characterization and management of oral and maxillofacial spaces infections in diabetic patients were studied in order to determine the pattern of this clinical condition and formulate a management plan.There were 31 cases with average age of 61 years(s=9);the mean hospitalization time was 14 days(s=6);the average fasting blood glucose level on admission was 10.4 mmol/L.Of the 31 patients 20 were multiple-space infections and 11 were single-space infections.13 patients had major complications during admission.Odontogenic infection was the most common cause of the space infections.Streptococcus viridians and staphylococcus aureus were common organisms(5/19,4/19)identified through pus and/or blood cultures.Early surgical incision and drainage,perfect blood glucose control,intravenous antimicrobial therapy,preventing asphyxia and managing major complications are necessary and effective approaches for the management plan.

AIM: To observe the morphologic characters and the expression of vimentin on human lens epithelial cells (hLECs)cultured on laminin and fibronectin.METHODS: The primarily and secondarily hLECs were cultured on plates treated with laminin or fibronectin. The feature of hLECS was observed and recorded using an inverse microscope with digital camera and statistical analysis was applied. MTT assay was used to show the growth curve of subcultured cells (the 3rd passage). Immunofluorescent staining was used to demonstrate the morphologic change in vimentin expression in the 3rd passaged hLECs.RESULTS: The hLECs in laminin or fibronectin group grew out significant earlier than the untreated group. The cells could be subcultured fluendly in those two treated groups,while only a few survival cells were found in the untreated group. But the hLECs could undergo apoptosis in laminin group at the terminal phase of their life cycle, while lentoid bodies emerged in fibronectin treated group. There were more viable cells in the fibronectin group from the 4th to the 7th day by MTT reaction. Immunofluorescent staining showed a clear morphological difference between the two groups.CONCLUSION: Laminin provide a suitable growth microenvironment for the hLECs while fibronectin promotes the cells proliferation and differentiation.