Objective To investigate the mycoplasma separation rate in the patient with genitourinary tract inflammation in our hospital and the in vitro sensitivity to 12 kinds of antibacterial drugs for guiding clinical rational drug use.Methods 8 546 cases of genitourinary tract specimen were collected from our hospital STD clinical department and performed the culture and the in vitro drug susceptibility test by adopting the mycoplasma culture,identification and drug susceptibility integration reagent kit.Results Among 8 546 cases of patient specimen,3237 cases were mycoplasma positive,in which 2 897 cases (89.5%)were simple Ureaplas-ma urealyticum(Uu)positive,39 cases (1.2%)were simple Mycoplasma hominis (Mh)positive and 301 cases (9.3%)were Uu and Mh positive,there was statistically significant difference between any two groups (P <0.01 );the drug susceptibility test showed that the top 3 of sensitivity rates to antibacterial drugs in 2 897 cases of Uu infection from high to low were josamycin (98.4%),doxycline (97.9%)and minomycin (97.6%),the top 3 of drug resistance rates from high to low were ciprofloxacin (71.8%),spiramycin (46.8%)and ofloxacin (35.6%).The top 3 of sensitivity rates to antibacterial drugs in 39 cases of Mh infec-tion from high to low were josamycin (96.7%),doxycline (91.2%)and minomycin(90.8%),and the top 3 of drug resistance rates were ofloxacin (68.9%),ciprofloxacin (67.8%)and roxithromycin (54.2%).The top 3 of sensitivity rates to antibacterial drugs in 301cases of Uu and Mh infection from high to low were doxycline (95.2%),minomycin (94.8%)and josamycin (92.1%),and the top 3 of drug resistance rates from high to low were ciprofloxacin (83.3%),ofloxacin (80.1%)and levofloxacin (76.3%).Conclu-sion Uu and Mh are the common pathogens of genitourinary tract infection.Mycoplasma isolated from genitourinary tract speci-mens in our hopsital is dominated by Uu,so the drugs with higher sensitivity such as josamycin,doxycycline and minocycline should be used as the first choice in the treatment of mycoplasma infection.

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of ERCP for biliary stricture with duct stone after liver transplantation.Methods Clinical data of 60 patients undergoing ERCP for biliary stricture with duct stone after liver transplantation between January 2013 and June 2014 were retrospectively analyzed.Results ERCP was successfully performed 78 times in 60 patients.Bile duct stenosis was cured in 24 cases (40％),improvement was observed in 27 cases (45％) and was not obvious in 9 cases (15％).Bile duct stones were successfully removed in 39 patients (65％).Incidence of post-ERCP complications was 13％ (8/60),including mild pancreatitis in 1 case,hyperamylasemia in 5 cases,biliary tract infection in 2 cases,which were all resolved after conservative treatment.Conclusion ERCP is a safe and effective treatment for biliary stricture with duct stone following liver transplantation.

Objective To analyze the incidence of invasive fungal infection and the risk factor in primary acute leukemia patients.Methods Retrospectively analysis of clinical data from Jan 2007 to Jun 2008 about 80 newly diagnosed patients with acute leukemia primary treated in Peking University People's hospital.Results The incidence of invasive fungal infection is 13.8%,elderly patients、higer WBC counts and longer antibiotics treatment are the risk factor for the fungal infection.Conclusion There are high incidence of invasive fungal infection in induction therapy for primary acute leukemia,the prophylaxis therapy should be consider in high risk patients.

In order to improve teaching lever and explore teaching approach, the feasibility study on the combination of the problembased learning method CPBL) and the lecture-based learning method (LBL) was conducted in the teaching of Acupuncture and Moxibustion. The 2010 undergraduates in the major of clinical integrated Chinese and western medicine of five years were randomized into a PBL and LBL group and a LEL group. In the first semester, according to the basic teaching requirement, LBL was used to accomplish the teaching of basic theory. In the internship teaching section, the different teaching method was applied. In the PBL and LEL group, PEL was used, and in the LBL group, LBL was given. At the end of semester, the examination results of the theory learning and medical cases learning were evaluated. The questionnaire was summarized in the teachers and students. The final examination result of theory learning was not different significantly between the two groups (P >0. 05), but the result of medical cases learning in the PEL and LEL group was better than that in LEL group (84. 47±10. 72 vs 76. 00±9. 97, P<0. 05). The questionnaire for the students and teachers indicated that the result of PEL and LEL combined method was higher than that of LEL method (86. 27±8. 36 vs 56. 00±14. 59, P< 0. 01; 45. 89±3. 68 vs 36. 61±6. 41, P<0. 0l), indicating that the combined method of PBL and LEL is feasible in teaching of Acupuncture and Moxibustion and the teaching outcome is superior to the simple LBL, which provides the new approach to the teaching reform.
Acupuncture ; education ; Acupuncture Therapy ; methods ; Adolescent ; Education, Medical ; Faculty ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Moxibustion ; methods ; Problem-Based Learning ; Students, Medical ; psychology ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Teaching ; methods ; Young Adult

Background and purpose: Mel-18 is one of the mammalian polycomb group members. A number of related researches have implied that Mel-18 may play a role in human tumorigenesis.In this study, we measured the expression of Mel-18 in gastric carcinoma cells in vivo to explore the expression and clinical significance of Mel-18 in gastric carcinoma. Methods: Real time RT-PCR was used to detect the expression of Mel-18 in cancer tissue and corresponding normal tissue in 52 cases of gastric carcinoma. The association between Mel-18 expression and the clinicopathological parameters of the tumors was analyzed. Results: The analysis revealed that there was significantly decreased expression of Mel-18 in 18 (34.62%)carcinoma tissues in comparison with para-cancer normal tissue. There was no correlation between Mel-18 expression and clinicopathological parameters, such as age, gender, tumor size and histological differentiation (P>0.05).The decrease of Mel-18 expression was significantly negatively correlated with lymph node metastasis and clinical stage (P<0.05). The expression levels of Mel-18 evaluated by the ratios of gene expression were 1.357,0.453,0.183 and 0.170 in stage Ⅰ, Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ gastric carcinoma, respectively. They were 0.634 and 0.210 in patients without lymph node metastasis and in patients with lymph node metastasis, respectively. Expression of Mel-18,lymph node metastasis, and clinical stage were significant covariates, respectively (P<0.05). Conclusion: Our results showed that Mel-18 might play a crucial role in tumorigenesis and progression of gastric carcinoma. It is possible that Mel-18 could be used as one of the biomarkers for predicting the prognosis of gastric carcinoma.

Surgery is the only curative treatment modality for renal cell carcinoma (RCC). However, approximately 30% of patients who undergo successful nephrectomy for RCC will develop locoregional or metastatic recurrence. Effective treatment for recurrent or metastatic RCC is limited. It is known that conventional radiation therapy and chemotherapy are relatively ineffective for RCC patients with distant metastases. Although immune therapy with high dose interleukin can provide disease control for a portion of patients with advanced RCC, its therapeutic effect usually is not sustainable. In addition, substantial adverse effects and complications have limited the use of high dose interleukin treatment. Advances in the understanding at the molecular level of cancer have led to much progress in the development of anti-cancer agents, including drugs of targeted cancer therapy. Targeted therapy is not only effective in cancer treatment, but also has reduced adverse effects compared with conventional chemotherapy and immune therapy. Much progress in the treatment of advanced RCC by targeted therapy has been achieved in recent years. In this review, we will illustrate the roles, mechanisms and effects of several targeted therapy agents, including the two newly FDA-approved drugs, sorafenib and sunitinib, in the treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma.

Objective TO investigate the application of Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS 2002) and nutrition support in critically ill patients.Methods Totally 172 adult critically ill patients with a hospital stay equal to or above 3 days were consecutively enrolled from a Beijing-hospital from September 2011 to December 2011.Nutrition support was evaluated on a daily basis.NRS 2002,body mass index (BMI),and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evalnation Ⅱ (APACHE Ⅱ) were applied to assess the nutritional risks and nutrition status within 24 hours after admission.Results Among all the patients,the rates of nutrition support were 39.5％ and 67.9％ on the 1st and 7th day respectively.The rate of parenteral nutrition (33.6％ ～ 39.5％) was higher than that of enteral nutrition (4.1％ ～ 16.0％).NRS 2002,APACHE Ⅱ score,and BMI showed that 160 patients (93.0％) required nutrition support,but only 103 patients (64.4％) actually received nutrition support,among whom 92 (89.3％) were supplied with nutrition support within 3 days after admission.Conclusions The application of nutrition support in critically ill patients is insufficient in this hospital.Nutrition support is typically provided within 3 days after admission.Parenteral nutrition remains the most common type of nutrition support.

Xiao Zhi Ling Injection is a Chinese herbal aqueous solution of praeparatum which is mainly made of gallnut and alum, it can make a " strengthening body resistance " treatment in polytype tumors, mainly through promoting apoptosis of tumor cells, destructing tumor cells, inhibiting tumor growth, enhan-cing immunity of organism and so on, the clinical effect is certain, with the development of theory and tech-nology in tumor molecular biology, it has become the core of future research that how to further explore Xiao-Zhi-Ling injection to promote tumor cell apoptosis by impacting on related genes, and its lucubrate inevitably provide new hope in gene therapy of cancer.

As an important messenger molecule, NO exists in both peripheral and central nervous system (CNS). Recently, NO was proved to play a critical role in CNS, especially in synaptic plasticity. As a kind of retrograde messenger, it plays some roles in the induction and maintenance of LTP through activation of downstream pathway or molecules, such as NO-cGMP-PKG, ADPRT and C-FOS.

0.05).The decrease of Mel-18 expression was signifi cantly negatively correlated with lymph node metastasis and clinical stage(P