Objective To explore the risk factors of lower extremity deep venous thrombosis (LEDVT) of neurosurgical patients, and to provide references for identifying the most susceptible population and taking preventive measures. Methods A total of 68 cases of neurosurgical patients with LEDVT in three general hospitals from August 2010 to August 2013 were collected. The design method of one to one matching case-control study was used controlling age, sex and neurosurgical disease. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to determine the probable risk factors among two groups. Results The univariate analysis showed that coma, paralysis and limb immobilization, infection, trauma and fracture, lower limbs central venous catheterization, trachea cannula or tracheotomy, mechanical ventilation, surgical operation, dehydration and blood transfusion were significantly related to the incidence of LEDVT ( Χ2=4.50-33.23, P<0.05 or 0.01). The Logistic multivariate regression analysis showed that coma (OR=9.410, 95%CI 1.689-52.423), paralysis and limb immobilization (OR=4.950, 95%CI 1.432-17.105), infection (OR=2.927, 95%CI 1.162-7.373) and lower limbs central venous catheterization (OR=6.072, 95%CI 2.187-16.858) were independent risk factors for the development of LEDVT. Conclusions We should pay attention to patients with high risk factors of LEDVT and take preventive measures early to avert the formation of LEDVT.

Objective To study a scoring method for assessing function status of cardiovascular system quantitatively. Methods First, exercise heart rate variability (EHRV) was obtained from the primary dynamic electrocardiogram (ECG) recorded during exercise testing. Then appropriate entropy, relative complexity, and other three parameters extracted from poincare dispersed-dot plot were extracted from the EHRV. Discriminant analysis was used to classify two extreme groups.Results Based on the values of two groups from the discriminant formula, a scoring formula was proposed and four ranks were divided according to different score domains. A novel scoring method was established. To validate the proposed scoring method, 60 middle-aged hypertensives, 50 elder subjects and 110 young healthy subjects were examined and scored. Conclusion Scores of 220 subjects are consistent with their real health status. The proposed scoring method reflects the status of the subject's cardiovascular system effectively.

Objective To explore the change of serum osteopontin levels in preoperative and postoperative patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and its clinic significance.Methods The levels of serum osteopontin were detected by ELISA.Results In 88 NSCLC patients,serum osteopontin levels were significantly higher than in benign pulmonary disease and healthy control group(P＜0.05.P＜0.01.respectively) There was no difference between benign pulmonary disease and healthy control group(P＞0.05).Serum osteopontin levels were related to clinical stage and lymph node metastasis,and the levels of serum osteopontin were lower in postoperative patients than in preoperative cases(P＜0.05).For NSCLC.the detection of osteopontin had a sensitivity of 84.1%,a specificity of 92.5%,and an accuracy of 88.1%. Conclusion Increased serum levels of osteopontin may be useful as a helpful clinical biomarker to diagnose earlier,predict prognosis and differentiate from benign pulmonary disease.

Ethanol tolerance is related to the expression of multiple genes, and genome-based engineering approaches are much more efficient than manipulation of single genes. In this study, ultraviolet (UV) mutagenesis, dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) air plasma mutagenesis, and artificial transcription factor (ATF) technology were adopted to treat an industrial yeast strain S. cerevisiae Sc4126 to obtain mutants with improved ethanol tolerance. Mutants with high ethanol tolerance were obtained, and the ratio of positive mutants was compared. Among the three approaches, the rate of positive mutation obtained by ATF technology was 10- to 100-folds of that of the two other methods, with highest genetic stability, suggesting the ATF technology promising for rapid alteration of phenotypes of industry yeast strains for efficient ethanol fermentation.
Adaptation, Physiological ; drug effects ; Drug Resistance, Fungal ; genetics ; Ethanol ; pharmacology ; Fungal Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Industrial Microbiology ; methods ; Mutagenesis ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; drug effects ; genetics ; growth & development

Objective:To evaluate the diagnostic value of endobronchial ultrasonography(EUS)-guided fine-needle aspi-ration(FNA)in diagnosis of lung cancer.Methods:EUS-guided FNA was used in16patients suspected of lung cancer of sub-mucosal and parabronchial structures.Bronchoscopic methods failed to detect any abnormality in them.Results:Final diag-noses were made in15patients,including8cases of bronchopulmonary adenocarcinoma,4cases of bronchopulmonary squa-mous carcinoma and3cases of lymphatic metastasis of bronchral adenocarcinoma.The sensitivity of EUS-guided FNA was 93.8%. There was no severe complications associated with the use of EUS.No patients developed bleeding or pneumatotho rax.Conclusion:EUS is useful in detecting pathologic changes in the submucosal and parabronchial structures.EUS guided FNA is accurate and safe for diagnosis of lung cancer,especially in small nodes.

Objective To study the coexpression of protein folding modulators,including chaperones(DnaK,DnaJ,and GroEL-GroES) and disulfide isomerase Dsb molecules(DsbA and DsbC) on the bioactivity of eukaryotic expressed urokinase(UK).Methods The gene sequences of DnaK,DnaJ,GroEL-GroES,DsbA and DsbC were isolated from the chromosome of E.coli by PCR.The obtained fragments mentioned above were cloned into the plasmid pBAD-1 under the control of araB promoter and then the plasmids were transformed into E.coli BW25113 and HB101 together with a compatible vector pQE-UK.The amount of expressed UK was measured by Bradford method and its activity was analyzed by fibrin plate method for its fibrinolysis.Results The activity of expressed UK was increased by co-expressing with DnaK,GroEL-GroES,DsbA,and DsbC in BW25113.Among them,the highest activity was achieved by co-expressing with GroEL-GroES.Conclusion Co-expressing of chaperones or disulfide isomerase can improve the bioactivity of UK expressed in E.coli.

Background The simplex congenital blepharoptosis is the common blepharon motor dysfunction disease.Some researches have shown that congenital blepharoptosis is related to the hypoplasia of levator.Objective This study was to investigate the thickness and pathological features of levator palpebrae superioris aponeurosis in congenital blepharoptosis patients.Methods A prospective cohort study was carried out in Anyang Eye Hospital from March 2012 to April 2014.Eighty-five eyes of 56 patients with congenital blepharoptosis were divided into mild (15 eyes), moderate (25 eyes) and severe blepharoptosis (19 eyes) groups, and the fellow eyes of monocular blepharoptosis was used as fellow eye group (26 eyes).Twenty-six eyes of 13 normal subjects were recruited for the normal control group.The thickness of levator aponeurosis was measured by ultrasound biomicroscope (UBM) , and the shifting range of levator aponeurosis was detected by using measuring scale.Levator aponeurosis specimens were collected during the levator palpebrae superioris shortening surgery for the pathological examination.The study was approved by the medical ethics committee of Anyang Eye Hospital, and the patients or their guardian signed the informed consent.Results The thickness of levator aponeurosis was (0.331±0.018), (0.373±0.026), (0.539± 0.023) , (0.557 ± 0.024) and (0.547 ± 0.028) mm in the severe blepharoptosis group, moderate blepharoptosis group,mild blepharoptosis group, normal control group and fellow eye group, respectively, showing a significant difference among them (F =1.681, P =0.043).The thickness values of levator aponeurosis were considerably lower in the severe blepharoptosis group and moderate blepharoptosis group than those in the mild blepharoptosis group,fellow eye group and normal control group (all at P＜0.05) , and the thickness value of levator aponeurosis was significantly reduced in the severe blepharoptosis group compared with the moderate blepharoptosis group (P＜0.05).Pathological examination showed arranging disorder of muscle fibers,hyaline-like degeneration, connective tissue hyperplasia and interruption of endomysium.The number of eyes with severe hyaline-like degeneration and connective tissue hyperplasia was significantly increased in the severe blepharoptosis group than that in the moderate blepharoptosis group or the mild blepharoptosis group, as well as in the moderate blepharoptosis group than that in the mild blepharoptosis group(all at P＜0.01).The adipose cells in muscle in the mild blepharoptosis group, moderate blepharoptosis group and severe blepharoptosis group were (12.35±4.62), (17.58±7.46) and (26.19±10.81)/field,and adipose cells in the severe blepharoptosis group were significantly more than those in the mild and moderate blepharoptosis groups (t =5.60, P =0.00;t =2.71, P =0.01).A significant increase in the adipose cells also was seen in the moderate blepharoptosis group compared with the mild blepharoptosis group (t =2.44, P =0.02).Conclusions UBM can offer accurate thickness data of levator aponeurosis.The combination of thickness data and shifting range measurement of levator aponeurosis is helpful for the evaluation of muscle strength.The development of levator aponeurosis appears to be abnormal in congenital blepharoptosis patients.The histopathological change parallels to the severity of the disease.

Objective To observe the therapeutic effect of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia Ⅱ( CINⅡ) associated high risk HPV with LEEP combined interferon and recombinant human interleukin -2.Methods One hundred and sixty patients with CIN Ⅱwere selected during Feb.2012 and Feb.2013.The patients were random-ly divided into four groups(40 patients in each group):the control group(LEEP),group A(LEEP united with in-terferon),group B(LEEP united with recombinant human interleukin -2)and group C(LEEP united with inter-feron and recombinant human interleukin -2).TCT,colposcope examination and HPV were reviewed ,and the curative effects , postoperative complications and negative conversion rate of HPV -DNA were compared after three and six months of the treatment .Results The cure rate and negative conversion rate of HPV -DNA in group C were 92.5%and 95%,which were significantly higher than others groups ( P<0.05) after six months of treatment .The time of wound healing ,duration of vaginal discharge and bleeding time in group C were also shorter than others groups(P<0.05).Conclusion The therapeutic effect of LEEP combined with interferon and recom-binant human interleukin -2 is superior to LEEP and LEEP united interferon or interleukin -2,which is not only shorter healing time ,but also fewer complications .The therapeutic method is worthy to be applied widely .

Objective:To investigate the distribution of precancerous conditions and lesions of high-risk population in the high-in-cidence area of esophageal cancer in Ci County, Hebei Province. Methods:Esophageal cancer was detected early in 40 to 69 year old patients in Ci Xian through endoscopic screening data and endoscopic screening using iodine staining and indicative biopsy. The pa-tients were classified according to gender, age group, statistical esophageal precancerous condition, and lesion detection rate. Results:The analysis included 11 423 cases by screening queue, and the esophageal biopsy rate was 66.90%. The detection rates of squamous epithelium with mild, moderate, and severe dysplasia were 11.84%, 2.66%, and 1.04%, respectively. DCIS detection rate was 0.40%in patients with squamous cell carcinoma. The detection rate of the patients had been infiltrated by the squamous cell carcinoma was 0.04%.The rate of the squamous cell carcinoma within the mucosa was 0.37%.The rate of the infiltration squamous cell carcinoma was 0.17%. The detection rate of the hyperplasia above average severe dysplasia and cancer was 2.01%. Conclusion: High incidence of esophageal precancerous lesions was found in the Ci County aged 40 to 69. A large number of asymptomatic patients with cancer were detected. Age and sex are closely related to detection rate.

Objective To observe effects and mechanisms of insulin on reperfusion injury after cerebral ischemia.Methods Sixty-six male Wistar rats were used in this study.All rats were divided into 3 groups as treated group(A),control group(B) and random sham-operated group(C).Four-vessel occlusion was used to establish global cerebral ischemia reperfusion model in study groups.The treated group were divided into 5 groups(A1-A5) and intraperineally injected with biosynthetic human insulin 2 IU/(kg?d) and 50%glucose 2 g/(kg?d) for 7 days,the blood glucose was monitored in preoperative and postoperative 3,6,12,24 h,and the blood glucose was maintained between 3.5-6.5 mmol/L.These animals of control group were given with saline 2 mL/(kg?d) for 7 days in abdominal cavity.All the rats were killed in the seventh day,brain homogenate was collected for detection of neuron specific enolase(NSE)and nitric oxide(NO).The hippocampus was separated for observation of electronic microscope.Results Concentration of NSE in brain tissue in group C was significantly higher than that of group A and group B,while the level in group A was higher than that of group B.Concentration of NO in group C was lower than that of group A and group B while the level of NO in group A was significantly lower than that of group B.Electron microscope showed that the ultrastructure of sham-operated group was nearly normal,damage degree of hippocampal neuron and gliacyte and capillary was gradually worse from group A1,A2 to A4,the damage degree of group B1,B2 and B4 was serious and there was no difference among them.Conclusion Insulin can really promote recovery of the cerebral injury after ischemia reperfusion.