Objective To explore the effect and mechanism of curcumin on rat cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury.Methods The rat model of cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury was constructed by the suture-occluded method.The effects of curcumin on cerebral infarction range,cerebral water content,neurological symptoms,cerebral histopathological morphology and expressions of PI3K,AKT,p-AKT,m-TOR,MDA,CAT,GPX,SOD,Bcl-2,Bax,Caspase-3 and Cleavage-Caspase-3 were evaluated.Results Cur-cumin had the protective effect on cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury,could alleviate the neurological symptoms,decreased the cer-ebral tissue pathological morphological changes and cerebral water content,in addition,which could alleviate the expressions of MDA,Bax,Cleavage-Caspase-3,IL-6,MCP-1 and TNF-αand increased the expressions of PI3K,p-AKT,mTOR,Bcl-2,Caspase-3, CAT,GPX and SOD.Conclusion The curcumin pretreatment has the significantly protective effect on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury,which may be associated with activating PI3K/AKT/mTOR signal pathway,while suppressing inflammation,apoptosis and oxidative stress.

OBJECTIVE To explore the effect of connexin (Cx) 40-formed gap junctional intercellular communication (GJIC) on Photofrin- photodynamic therapy (PDT) phototoxicity in Cx40- transfected HeLa cells and its potential mechanisms. METHODS HeLa cell line stably transfected to express Cx40 was seeded at high and low cell density, respectively, to assess in vitro photosensitivity using CCK8 assay. Western blot assay was performed to detect the expression of Cx40. The intracellular ROS and Ca2 +concentrations were determined using flow cytometer. 4-HNE and ceramide were measured using ELISA assay. RESULTS Cx40-composed GJ formation at high density enhances the phototoxicity of Photofrin-PDT. When the Cx40 is not expressed or Cx40 channels are blocked, the phototoxicity in high-density cultures substantially reduces, indicating that the enhanced PDT phototoxicity at high density is mediated by Cx40-composed GJIC. The GJIC-mediated increase in PDT phototoxicity was associated with ROS and calcium-mediated stress signaling pathways. CONCLUSION The work uniquely presents the ability of Cx40-composed GJIC to enhance the sensitivity of malignant cells to PDT, and indicates that mainte?nance or increase of Cx40-formed GJIC may be a profitable strategy towards the enhancement of PDT therapeutic efficiency.

Child, Preschool ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 22 ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 8 ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 9 ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; Karyotyping ; Male ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; genetics ; Translocation, Genetic

This paper is discussed about course system construction of Microbiology, teaching method, in- struction means and experimental teaching mode. Teaching practice indicated that reform the pattern of Mi- crobiology educational mode can stimulate students’ interest in studying the course, cultivate their inde- pendent ability to solve questions, develop their creative thinking. It is an important way to train high-caliber talents.

AIM: In order to explore the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis (UC), an experimental colitis in mouse was induced by the hapten dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB), and the activity of leukocyte migration inhibitory factor (LMIF) was measured at the same time. METHODS: 67 BALB/c mice were randomly divided into control (60% ethanol) and DNCB groups. After they were sensitized by smearing 3.3% DNCB on the abdominal skin, they were challenged with DNCB at concentration of 0.1%, 0.2% and 0.4% respectively by instillation once a day. The weight, stool viscosity and hematochezia were observed and accumulated as disease active index (DAI) score. The pathological changes in colon tissue were judged macropathologically and by means of microscope. LMIF activity was determined by the absorbance (A) of migrated leukocytes. RESULTS: Compared to control group, the increases in DAI accumulate score, pathologic score, and LMIF activity in DNCB groups were observed. CONCLUSION: Mouse colitis was induced by DNCB, which was accompanied by an increase in LMIF activity. [

OBJECTIVETo explore the effect of Panax notoginseng saponin (PNS) on the activity and content of beta-secretase in the brain of senescence accelerated mouse-prone 8 (SAMP8) mice with Alzheimer's disease.

METHODSTotally 32 SAMP8 mice were randomly divided into the normal control group, the high dose PNS group (200 mg/kg), the low dose group (100 mg/kg), and the huperzine A group (0.3 mg/kg), 8 in each group. Equal volume of double distilled water was given to those in the normal control group. All medication was given by gastrogavage, once daily for two successive months. The activity of BACE1 was assayed by direct immunofluorescent method (DIF). The content of BACE1 protein was detected by Western blot.

RESULTSThe relative fluorescence units (RFU/microg) was 2.008 +/- 0.031 in the high dose PNS group, 2.221 +/- 0.029 in the low dose PNS group, and 2.267 +/- 0.076 in the huperzine A group, all lower than that in the normal control group (2.403 +/- 0.058; all P < 0.01). The content of BACE1 protein was 0.900 +/- 0.028 in the high dose PNS group, 1.000 +/- 0.032 in the low dose PNS group, and 0.837 +/- 0.080 in the huperzine A group, all lower than that in the normal control group (2.210 +/- 0.074, all P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONPNS higher than 100 mg/kg could decrease the activity of BACE1 and down-regulate the content of BACE1 protein in the brain of SAMP8 mice.

Aging ; Alzheimer Disease ; metabolism ; Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases ; metabolism ; Animals ; Aspartic Acid Endopeptidases ; metabolism ; Brain ; metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Male ; Mice ; Panax notoginseng ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Saponins ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo determine the frequency of the derivative 9 [der(9)] deletion among chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients with classic and variant Ph translocations, and assess the correlation between this deletion and clinical prognosis.

METHODSCytogenetic analysis of bone marrow cells was performed by direct method and/or 24 h culture method. RHG banding was used for karyotype analysis. Dual-color and dual-fusion DNA probe was used to perform FISH for investigating the deletion of der(9) in Ph+ CML patients.

RESULTSCytogenetics studies showed typical Ph translocation in 76/105 and variant Ph translocation in 29/105 cases. Interphase-FISH studies showed deletion of der(9) in 12 (15.8%) of 76 patients with classic Ph translocation and in 4 (13.7%) of 29 patients with variant translocation. The frequency of deletion was similar in classic and variant translocations (P > 0.05). When the deletion was seen in the patient, it was present in all the Ph+ metaphases and nuclei. In 3 patients there were mixed cell populations with either 5'-abl or 3'-bcr deletion and all the 3 patients had both 5'-abl and 3'-bcr deletion. The median survival time of patients with deletion was significantly shorter than those without deletion (34 months vs 76 months; P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONDeletion of der(9) is seen in about 1/6 of Ph+ CML patients in our study on Chinese CML patients, Ph+ CML patients with the deletion have shorter median survival time than those without it, indicating that it is a poor prognostic index.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Chromosome Deletion ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 9 ; Female ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive ; diagnosis ; genetics ; mortality ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Philadelphia Chromosome ; Prognosis ; Survival Rate ; Translocation, Genetic ; Young Adult

To explore the value of detection of PML/RARalpha gene rearrangement on bone marrow smears (BMS) by dual-color fluorescence in situ hybridization (D-FISH) for the diagnosis of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), the locus-specific probes for PML and RARalpha genes labeled directly and respectively by Spectrum Green and Spectrum Orange and the D-FISH technique were used to detect the PML/RARalpha gene rearrangement on BMS in 27 suspected APL patients. The results were compared with that of conventional cytogentics (CCG) and reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The results showed that out of 18 newly diagnosed patients 14 were found having t(15;17) translocation by CCG and PML/RARalpha gene rearrangement were confirmed by BMS-D-FISH and RT-PCR. Thus, their APL diagnosis was determined; out of 4 patients in whom t(15;17) translocation was not detected by CCG, one had positive BMS-D-FISH and RT-PCR results, thus, this case was considered as having a cryptic t(15;17) translocation, three had negative BMS-D-FISH and RT-PCR results, thus, they were diagnosed as having acute myeloid leukemia rather than APL. In 9 cases with remission, one case with partial remission was found having t(15;17) translocation by CCG, and he had positive BMS-D-FISH and RT-PCR results, the other 8 patients (6 cases with normal karyotype and 2 cases without CCG examination) displayed different BMS-D-FISH and RT-PCR results: negative in 6 cases, but positive in 2 cases. The 2 cases were believed that they survived with minimal residual disease (MRD). It is concluded that BMS-D-FISH is a sensitive and reliable method for the detection of PML/RARalpha rearrangement. It is helpful for diagnosing APL and monitoring its MRD, and especially fit to those patients presenting a cryptic translocation or with failed cytogenetics, lacking suitable material for RT-PCR, as well as needing retrospective study.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Bone Marrow Cells ; metabolism ; Female ; Gene Rearrangement ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; methods ; Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Oncogene Proteins, Fusion ; genetics ; Receptors, Retinoic Acid ; genetics ; Reproducibility of Results ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Sensitivity and Specificity

OBJECTIVETo report a rare variant of t(15;17), ins(17;15)(q21;q14q22) in an acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) patient and the results of cytogenetic and molecular genetic studies.

METHODSChromosomes were prepared after 24 hours culture of bone marrow cells and peripheral blood cells. R-banding technique was used to analyze karyotypes. Chromosome painting analysis was performed using whole chromosome paints for chromosomes 15 and 17. PML-RAR alpha and RAR alpha-PML fusion transcripts were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).

RESULTSKaryotypic analysis using both specimens from bone marrow and peripheral blood leukemic cells revealed 15q- and 17q+. Chromosome painting analysis confirmed that the karyotypic abnormality was ins(17;15). PML-RAR alpha fusion transcript (S type) was detected by RT-PCR, while RAR alpha-PML fusion transcript was not detected.

CONCLUSIONChromosome painting and RT-PCR are reliable methods for characterization of the insertion involving chromosomes 15 and 17 in APL patients.

Adult ; Chromosome Painting ; methods ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 15 ; genetics ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 17 ; genetics ; Humans ; Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Male ; Neoplasm Proteins ; genetics ; Oncogene Proteins, Fusion ; genetics ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Transcription, Genetic ; genetics ; Translocation, Genetic

OBJECTIVETo explore the value of dual-color fluorescence in situ hybridization (D-FISH) in the detection of inv(16) in acute myeloid leukemia (AML).

METHODSEleven AML patients were investigated by D-FISH with two-color break apart probe for MYH11 labeled directly by fluorescein isocyanate (FITC) and a Texas Red. The results were associated or compared with those of cell morphology, cytogenetics, single color fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).

RESULTSFour cases (M4Eo three cases, M2a one case) had inv(16), of which one had trisomy 22 in addition to inv(16), while the other seven cases had no inv(16), of which, five cases (M4Eo three cases, M4 two cases)had a normal karyotype, one (M2a) had 5p+ and trisomy 22, one (M4Eo) had a translocation t(9;22) on G-banded karyotypic analysis. All 11 cases of AML were positive for the rearrangement of inv(16) detected by D-FISH. The average positive cell rate for these 11 AML patients was 93.45% (range 86.6%-98.7%). Of them, four had a minimal deletion of 16p13 in addition to inv(16). The results of D-FISH coincided with those of RT-PCR or single color FISH.

CONCLUSIOND-FISH is a powerful tool for the detection of inv(16) due to its sensitivity and specificity. For raising the detecting rate of inv(16), it is necessary to screen inv(16) rearrangement by D-FISH in all M4- and M2-AML cases or the cases with trisomy 22, no matter whether they are accompanied by bone marrow eosinophilia.

Chromosome Inversion ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 16 ; genetics ; Female ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; methods ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; genetics ; Male ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction