Objective:To investigate the feasibility of marrow stromal cells/ceramic bovine bone/hydrogel in the repair of autogenous calvarial defects. Methods:The complex of ceramic bovine bone,hydrogel,rhBMP-2,TGF-? and marrow stromal cells(MSCs) induced by minerlization inducing medium was prepared and applied in the repair of autogenous calvarial defects in 8 SD rats(group A).Ceramic bovine bone /MSCs was used as control in another 8 SD rats(group B). 4 and 8 weeks after operation 4 rats in each group were sacrificed, the osteogenesis was examined by HE staining,modified Mallory's trichrome staining and image analysis.Results:4 weeks after operation, osseous plerosis can be seen in both groups, the quantity of bone-like tissues formation(?m~2) in group A and group B was 6 813.09?96.32 and 3 839.25?104.52(P

Objective To investigate the safety and efficacy of vardenafil,a novel selective phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor, in the treatment of male erectile dysfunction (ED). Methods This multicenter,randomized,double blind,placebo controlled study was performed at 7 domestic sites.A total of 624 men with mild to severe ED were enrolled in this trial of 4 weeks of washout and 12 weeks of treatment with either placebo or 5,10,20 mg of vardenafil on demand but not more than once a day. Results Analysis of safety and efficacy of vardenafil was performed on 602 cases who completed the trial.Primary endpoints were Q3 (vaginal penetration) and Q4 (maintenance of erection) of the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF).In the intent to treat population (n=602),the changes from baseline with 5,10,20 mg vardenafil groups were all improved ( P

Objective To compare the thin-section CT findings of pulmonary candidiasis,aspergillosis and eryptococcosis wim histopathology in immunoeomprimised rabbits and impmve the diagnostic accuracy of fungus infection. Methods Heathy New Zealand white rabbits were used for immunoeompromised animal models.Thin-section CT scan was performed before and 2,4,6,8,10,12,14 d after inoculation.The pattern and distribution of the pulmonary abnormalities were retrospectively assessed by two thomeic radiologists and compared with histopathology.The granulocyte count was compared before and after administration of immunosuppressive agents.The pmred t test,chi square test and the Fisher's exact test were used for the statistics.Results Fourteen rabbits had candidiasis.16 rabbits had cryptocoecosis,15 rabbits had aspergillosis.The granulocyte counts before and after administration of immunosuppressive agents were(2.91±0.92)and(0.35±0.19)×109/L respectively in eandidiasis group,there was a significant difference(t=12.484,P＜0.05);(2.51±0.82)and(0.76±0.71)×109/L in aspergillosis group,there was a significant difference(t=5.792,P＜0.05);(2.10±0.65)and (0.48±0.22)×109/L in cryptococcosis group,there was a significant difference(t=8.199,P＜0.05).The onaet time of infections on CT were not significantly different in three groups (P＞0.05).Ground glass opacity (GGO) and consolidation were the two most colnlnon findings in immunocompromised rabbits with three fungus infections,areas of GGO was correlated with the congestion,hemorrhage,inflammatory cell infiltration and interstitial hyperplasia in pathology. Consolidation was correlated with the severe congestion,hemorrhage, inflammatory cell infiltration, interstitial hyperplasia, necrosis and vascular embolism in pathology. Conclusion GGO and consolidation are the two most common findings of fungus infections in immunocompromised animal models and thin-section CT findings can reflect the pathological changes.

Objective The aim of this study was to describe the FICE application on gastric mucosa characteristics including normal and pathological changes, with or without H.pylori infection, and its corre-lation with histopathoingical evidence. Methods A total of 32 patients with dyspepsia symptoms and 5 healthy controls were enrolled into study. Each one underwent esophngogastreduedenoscopy (EGD) examina-tion with FICE and magnified observation. The whole stomach was examined by 3 steps: including conven-tional endoscopy followed by magnifying and FICE observation of the gastric antrum and body as well as biop-sies. All the patients were asked to take the rapid urease test (RUT) 、13C -urea breath test (13C-UBT) . Gastric antrum and body were both sub-classified into following 3 patterns by FICE observation and high reso-lution magnifying endoscopy. The sensitivity, specificity of each FICE pattern of both gastric antrum and body were analysed for the assessment of H. pylori infection, and the consistency with the results of RUT and 13C-UBT. Furthermore, the histopathologic parameters including inflammation、activity、atrophy and intestinal metaplasia were also assessed, Results FICE patterns of gastric antrum and body of all 5 control subjects were type Ⅰ, corresponded to an H. pylori negative and non-atrephy gastric mueosa. In study group on gastric antrum, 14 cases of FICE type Ⅰ pattern were noted and only 1/14(7. 1%) corresponded to an H. pylori positive gastric mucosa. 13 cases of FICE type Ⅱ pattern were noted and 10/13 (76. 9%) corresponded to an H.pylori positive mucosa and 9/13(69. 2%) were positive for both gastric atrophy. 5 cases of FICE type Ⅲ pattern were noted and 5/5 (100%) corresponded to an H. pylori positive mucosa and 3/5 (60%) were positive for both gastric atrophy and intestinal metaplasia. There was statistical difference in prediction of H. pylori infection between type Ⅰ FICE pattern and type Ⅱ or type Ⅲ pattern on gastric antrum (P <0. 01). In study group on gastric body, 15 cases of FICE type Ⅰ pattern were noted and only 1/14(7. 1%) corre-sponded to an H. pylori positive gastric mucosa. 13 cases of FICE type Ⅱ pattern were noted and 11/13 (84. 6%) corresponded to an H. pylori positive mucosa. 4 cases of FICE type Ⅲ pattern were noted and 4/4 (100%) corresponded to an H.pylori positive mucosa. There was statistical difference in prediction of H. pylori infection between type Ⅰ FICE pattern and type Ⅱ or type Ⅲ pattern on gastric body (P < 0. 01). Conclusion FICE in combination with high resolution magnifying endoscopy is valuable for identifying the normal gastric mucosa, H.pylori infection and its associated gastritis, gastric atrophy as well as intestinal metaplasia.

Objective To study the effect of different dialysis modalities on pruritus in elderly maintenance hemodialysis patients.Methods Totally 51 patients were randomly divided into hemoperfusion combined with hemodialysis group (HD+ HP),hemodiafiltration group (HDF) and hemodialysis group (HD).Plasma β2-microglobulin(β2-MG) and intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) were measured by means of radio immunoassay at pre and post dialysis,4 weeks and 8 weeks after dialysis,cutaneous pruritus was scored.The remission rate of itching was calculated at 8 weeks after dialysis.The parameters were compared among different groups.Results The level of plasma β2-MG was lower in HD+HP group after dialysis than pre dialysis [(13.48±3.05)mg/L vs.(16.27±4.73) mg/L,t＝2.044,P＜0.05],at 4 weeks and 8 weeks after dialysis,its levels were decreased to (10.97±3.25)mg/L(t＝3.808,P＝0.002)and (6.47±2.35)mg/L(t＝7.650,P＝0.000),respectively.The levels of iPTH were also found decrease from(887.5 ± 242.7)ng/L to (688.3 ±223.4)ng/L(t＝3.384,P＝0.004)at 4 weeks and (467.2±102.5) ng/L(t＝6.578,P＝0.000) at 8weeks after dialysis in HD+HP group (all P＜0.01).There were differences of the levels of plasma β2-MG and iPTH at 4 weeks and 8 weeks after dialysis in HDF group (all P＜ 0.05),but no differences of the levels of plasma β2-MG and iPTH during every period were found in HD group(all P＞0.05).The scores of cutaneous pruritus were decreased from (21.17± 5.01) scores to (13.37±2.85) scores(t＝ 5.580,P＝0.000)at 4 weeks and (8.52±4.38) scores(t＝7.838,P＝0.000)at 8 weeks after dialysis in HD+ HP group,and also the scores at 4 and 8 weeks after dialysis in HDF group (all P＜0.01),but there were no significant differences of the scores during every period in HD group (all P＞0.05).The remission rate of itching was better in HD+ HP group than in HDF group [88.24％ (15/17 cases) vs.58.82％ (10/17 cases),x2＝14.44,P＝0.000],better in HDF group than in HD group 23.53％ (4/17 cases) (x2 ＝4.37,P＝0.037).Conclusions HD+HP is superior to HDF in efficiently clear β2-MG and iPTH,and relief cutaneous pruritus,but HD can poorly clear β2-MG and iPTH or relief itching.

Objective To observe the effect of the health education and skills training for caregivers on health status of stroke patients and their family caregivers. Methods Hospitalized stroke patients were divided into the intervention group (n=38) and the control group (n= 36). Both groups received rehabilitation training for 1 month in hospital. The family caregivers of intervention group received Timing It Right education and skills training in addition. All the patients were assessed with the European Stroke Scale (ESS), Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), simple Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA), modified Barthel Index (MBI), and the caregivers were assessed with the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) before and 3 months after intervention. Results The scores of ESS, FMA, MBI improved more in intervention group than in the control group after intervention (P<0.05), as well as their caregivers in the items of playing a useful part, under stress, overcoming difficulties, enjoying normal activities, facing up to problems, feeling unhappy and depressed, lossing confidence, thinking of self as worth of GHQ-12 (P<0.05). Conclusion Health education and skills training for family caregivers can improve the health of caregivers, and further improve the function outcome of stroke patients.

To study the chemical components and the antifungal activity of extraction from conidia of Trichoderma viride LTR-2.The extraction were obtained by distilling with Methylene dichloride from conidia of Trichoderma viride LTR-2 cultured on wheat bran solid matrix.Antifungal activity were determined by mycelium growth method.The chemical components of the extraction were analysed by GC-MS,the relative components in the extraction were determined by area normalization.The extraction not only have broad-spectrum control,showed antibiosis against eleven different plant fungal pathogens in PDA dish,such as Rhizoctonia solani,Alternaria brassica,Verticillium dahliae,Macrophoma kawatsukai,Fusarium moniliforme,Botrytis cinerea,Rhizoctonia cerealis,Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.vasinfectum,Bipolaris sorokinana,Fusarium graminearum,Alternaria.mali,but also have high inhibitory effect,and had 89.3% suppressive rate to Rhizoctonia cerealis.About sixty components were separated and identified by GC-MS,majority components were Hydrocarbon,the number of the Hydrocarbon were fourty-three kinds.Ergosterol was the major chemical components of the extract,and has 41.90% content.Other components comprised:Ketone,Organic acid,Alcohol,Ene,et al.Conclusion:The extraction from conidia of Trichoderma viride LTR-2 have antifungal activity.The extration comprised 2H-Pyran-2-one,5,6-dihydro-6-pentyl,it has 2.35% content.reference others literature,2H-Pyran-2-one,5,6-dihydro-6-pentyl may be the suppressive component of the extration.

0.05).Compared with the CSS,GMFM and WV before treatment,there were statistically difference after 6 and 12 weeks treatment in two groups(Pa

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) on motor function in children with spastic cerebral palsy (CP).

METHODSAfter signing the informed consent, 78 children with CP, aged 45.6 +/- 8.5 months (36 to 58 months), were randomly divided into a TENS group (n = 40) and a control group (n = 38). All the subjects received standardized functional exercise program. In TENS group, 2 TENS devices were used and the surface electrodes were applied on the spastic musculotendinous and antagonist muscles in the affected lower extremity. TENS lasted for 20 min per session, 5 days weekly for 6 weeks. After 6 weeks, the functional exercise program was applied by the caregivers. Demographic data were recorded, including age, gender, number of the hemiplegic and diplegic CP, level of gross motor function classification system (GMFCS). Clinical assessments included the composite spasticity scale (CSS), D and E dimensions of the Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM), and walking velocity was determined before treatment and at 6, 12 and 24 weeks after treatment.

RESULTSNo statistically significant differences were found in age, gender, number of the hemiplegic and diplegic CP, level of GMFCS, as well as clinical assessments (CSS, GMFM and walking velocity) before treatment between the 2 groups (P > 0.05). All the children showed a reduction of spasticity (CSS) after 6, 12 and 24 weeks of treatment (P < 0.05). When compared with the results obtained before treatment, the improvement of standing and walking (GMFM), walking velocity was statistically significant after 6, 12 and 24 weeks of treatment (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the differences of CSS, GMFM and walking velocity between the two groups at 6, 12 and 24 weeks examination were also statistically significant (after 24 weeks of treatment: t value was 8.96, 3.14 and 2.35, P < 0.05, respectively).

CONCLUSIONWhen compared with the control group, 6 weeks of TENS treatment on the affected lower extremity was more effective in terms of reducing spasticity and improving functional performance in standing, walking, and walking velocity in ambulant children with the spastic CP.

Cerebral Palsy ; therapy ; Child ; Electric Stimulation Therapy ; methods ; Female ; Gait Disorders, Neurologic ; therapy ; Hemiplegia ; therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Muscle Spasticity ; therapy ; Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation ; methods ; Treatment Outcome

ObjectiveTo Compare the clinical results between microscope and loupes which used in microsurgical discectomy.MethodsA prospective randomized controlled trial of 93 patients who had undergone microsurgical discectomy from January 2007 to December 2010 was performed.Clinical results were assessed by comparing the following parameters between patients who had undergone the surgery by microscope and loupes:length of stay,hospitalization cost,operative time,estimated blood loss,Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score and JOA recovery rate,Odom's standard.ResultsForty-nine patients underwent surgery by microscope,and forty-four patients underwent surgery by loupes.Eighty patients received outpatient or telephone follow-up.The follow-up period was 6.17 to 52.90 months with an average of (29.64±13.05) months,and the follow-up rate was 86.02％.According preoperative data,the two groups didn't differ with respect to age,gender,level of radiculopathy,or preoperative JOA score and JOA recovery rate.No statistically significant differences were identified in postoperative JOA score and JOA recovery rate,length of stay,hospitalization cost,length of follow-up,or relapse rate.Statistically significant differences were identified in operative time,estimated blood loss,and follow-up JOA score and JOA recovery rate.Conclusion Microscope can provide relatively more clear and comfortable vision for the surgery.It can short the operative time,decrease blood loss,reduce the potential risk of nerve injury,and retain more normal tissue,which can ensure better clinical results.