Objective: To investigate the relationship between vocabulary understanding ability and performance of theory-of-mind tests of children and to confirm the applicability of Chinese revision of Theory of Mind Tests in China. Methods: 100 children aged from 3 to 5 years in Harbin City in China completed the Chinese revision of Theory of Mind Tests and Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test(PPVT). Results:The pass rates of 'expression recognition' tests from 3 to 5 years groups were 100%, and that of 'expression reasoning' tests were 76%,97%,97%. There were 36%,76%,93% of children passed the 'place change' false belief tests and 15%,42%,59% of children passed the 'content change' false belief tests. From 3 to 5 years groups, significant differences of PPVT IQ were found between groups divided depending on different performances of false belief tests, such as that of children passed place change or not were 104.9?16.9 vs 97.0?15.8,106.7?17.6 vs 99.7?15.9(t=2.22,2.07, P

The Obstectrics and Gynecology Hospital attached to Fudan University has made great achievements in the clinical and experimental study of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine in the past 45 years. Study on induction of ovulation with acupuncture revealed the relationship between circulating estrogen and central beta-endorphin, and suggested that the depletion of central beta-endorphin resulted in the release of GnRH and ovulation, and the main indication for acupuncture treatment was pubertal dysfunctional uterine bleeding. Acupuncture was also successfully used to treat anorexia nervosa. The successful treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) with Yu's Tonifying Recipe for tonifying the kidney and resolving phlegm was found to be related to the elevation of serum FSH which resulted in ovulation. Good result was obtained in hyperinsulinemia pattern of PCOS treated with Tiangui Recipe for replenishing the kidney and activating blood. In studies on patients and animal model, Tiangui Recipe was found to decrease peripheral androgen and insulin levels and lead to central regulation of proopiomelanocortin, neuropeptide Y and leptin receptor, as well as regulation of neuro-endocrine-metabolic network. Thus it can promote ovulation and reduce body weight. In the studies, a new way to classify PCOS was suggested. Gengnianchun Recipe for women with postmenopausal syndrome was found to be effective in increasing estrogen receptors (ERs) and ER mRNA in hypothalamus and peripheral organs and regulating neuro-endocrine-immune-metabolic network in patients and aging rats. Gongtai was effective for controlling menorrhagia under the mechanism of regulating endometrial prostaglandins. The researches mentioned above indicate that illness is the disorder of some key-links in the life network of the patient which may be affected by factors from the environment. And this idea is different from the ideas in traditional Chinese medicine and biomedicine. It indicates that woman in subclinical health state has already got something incontrollable in her life network, and it also gives a new impact on the treatment and prevention of women's diseases as well as the prevention and treatment of women's reproductive health.

目的观察6分钟步行训练对慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者的呼吸困难和耐力的影响。方法 72例COPD患者随机分为对照组36例和训练组36例。两组常规治疗方法相同,训练组另加6分钟步行训练,并评价训练前及训练2个月后的呼吸困难指数和6分钟步行最大距离进行。结果训练2个月后在FEV1(%)、FEV1/FVC%、心率和呼吸次数/分钟上两组患者治疗前后、两组间无显著性差异(P>0.05),而训练组在呼吸困难指数总体上得到改善(P<0.05),6分钟步行距离增加(P<0.05)。结论6分钟运动训练方法是一个COPD患者简易有效的运动训练方法。

Objective To develop and verify a fluorescence quantitative detection method for antibody against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2) based on magnetic bead sorting and peptide self-assembly. Methods Magnetic beads were specifically bound to nucleocapsid(N) protein of SARS-CoV-2 by click chemistry reaction, which were detected by Western blot and BCA. Using magnetic beads labeled with N protein as coating antigen and donkey anti-human IgG labeled with alkaline phosphatase(ALP) as enzyme-labeled antibody,combined with assemblable peptide and thioflavine-T(ThT)luminescence system, a quantitative detection method for SARS-CoV-2 antibody was established, and the specificity,linear range, limit of detection(LOD),precision and durability were verified. The developed method and commercial ELISA kit were used to detect 8 serum samples with known background respectively,and the consistency between them was calculated.Results Most of SARS-CoV-2 N proteins were stably bound to magnetic beads. The developed method specifically detected positive serum samples. The concentration of SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody standard ranged from 2. 5 to 80 ng/mL,showing a good linear relationship with fluorescence value, and the linear equation was y = 182. 11 x + 5 095. 5, R~2= 0. 99;The LOD was 2. 5 ng/mL;The coefficient of variation(CV)within batches ranged from 3. 9% to 10. 6%,the CV between batches ranged from 6. 0% to 13. 8%, and the CV of durability was within 1. 3%～6. 2%. The consistency between the results of the developed method and commercial ELISA kit was high(R~2= 0. 99,P < 0. 000 1). Conclusion The developed fluorescence quantitative detection method based on magnetic bead sorting and peptide self-assembly showed good specificity,precision and durability, which might be used for quantitative detection of SARS-CoV-2 antibody.

Endometriosis, a common and complicated disease in gynecology. is characterized by strong invasive-ness, wide implant and easy recurrence. At present, its pathogenesis is still not clear and there is no satisfactory therapy, so it has become a hot issue in gynecology research. This paper reviewed its pathogenesis and Traditional Chinese Medicine and West ern Medicine treatment.

Parasomnias induced by hypnosedatives are rare but serious side effect. Such parasomnias have not been reported with all hypnosedatives. However, frequent use of hypnosedatives, particularly nonbenzodiazepine receptor agonists is associated with parasomnias. Associated symptoms are sleep eating, sleepwalking with object manipulation, sleep conversations, sleep driving, sleep sex and sleep shopping etc. Mechanisms include high affinity for GABAA receptor, interruption of the consolidation phase of memory formation by drug, pharmacokinetic or pharmacodynamic drug-drug interaction and concomitant administration with alcohol. Managements for parasomnias induced by hypnosedatives involve stopping medication, switch to other medications or nonpharmacological treatment, lowest effective dose of NBRAs (Non-Benzodiazepine Receptor Agonists), taking into consideration drug-drug interactions, identification and treatment of underlying disease states.
Eating ; Hypnotics and Sedatives ; Memory ; Parasomnias ; Somnambulism

Objective To investigate the common pathogenic bacteria distribution and drug resistance in children with lower respiratory tract infection,which guide how to use antibiotics and decrease the progress of drug resistance.Methods Nine hundred and ninety-seven cases of lower respiartory tract infection were analyzed retrospectively in the Department of Pediatrics of the First Hospital of Lanzhou University from Jan.2008to Dec.2010.The sputum samples were collected for routine bacterial cultivation.The antibiotic sentivity test were used for pathgen.Results The phelm cultivition amount is 997,bred and separated 498 bacteria of 425samples,the check rate is 42.73％.There were 151 Gram Positive Bacteria,which had a rate of 30.32％,and 321 Gram Negative Bacteria,which had a rate of 64.46％,and 26 fungi whose rate is 5.62％.The main bacteria was changed during the three years.There were significant differences in detection rate of pseudomonas aeruginosa(PA) and haemophilus parainfluenzae(HPI) during the three years.PA was declining while HPI was rising.There were no significant differences in detection rate of streptococcus pneumoniae( SP),staphylococcus aureus ( SA),escherichia coli( E.coli ),klebsiella pneumoniae ( K.pn ),haemophilus influenzae ( HI ) and fungi.There were no significant differences in detection rate of PA between different age groups.With the increasing of age,the detection rate of SP,HI and HPI trended to rise,whereas the detection rate of SA,E.coli and K.pn trended todecline.The resistance phenotype of SA,E.coli and HPI in detection rate had significant difference in each year.SP and SA were most sensitive to linezolid and vancomycin.Ecoli and K.pn were most sensitive to carbapenems.HI and HPI were relatively sensitive to common antibiotics.Conclution In the past three years,the main pathogen in children with lower respiartory tract infection were Gram Negative Bacteria.Among the bacteria,SP and Ecoli was the most,followed by SA,HI,K.pn,and HPI.These bacteria had signifeicant difference in dectection rate between different age groups.SP and SA were most sensitive to vancomnycin and linezolid.E.coli and K.pn were most sensitive to carbapenems.HI and HPI were relatively sensitive to common antibiotics.So clinical doctors should use antibiotics based on the microorganism cultivation and sensitivity test m order to decrease the drugresistance strain.

Objective To study the value of magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography(MRCP) in diagnosing chronic pancreatitis(CP) and pancreatic cancer(PC).Methods MRCP findings in 31 cases of CP and 31 cases of PC were analyzed.Results MRCP characteristics in CP group included :(1) irregular dilatation of the pancreatic duct(87.1%),might across the whole segment of the lesion(93.5%);(2)dilatation of bile duct less(29%);tapering(48.4%) or normal(48.4%) or abrupt interruption(3.2%);(3)stones within the pancreatic duct(25.8%),pseudocyst(29%).MRCP characteristics in PC group included:(1)double-duct sign(67.7%);(2)continuous and smooth dilatation of the pancreatic duct distal to tumor(61.3%),abrupt interruption at the site of the tumor(74.2%);(3)more percentage of bile duct dilatation(74.2%),abrupt interruption of common bile duct at site of tumor(71%).Conclusion MRCP characteristics are of vital importance in differenntial diagnosing CP and PC.

A Review] Endothelial cells produce both superoxide and nitric oxide. Nitric oxide and superox- ide are known to react rapidly to form the stable peroxynitrite anion. Peroxynitrite mediates the oxidation of protein, lipid, deoxyribose and inhibits mitochondrial electron transport. Peroxynitrite may break DNA strands and activate poly(ADP - ribose) syntheatase. If the reaction is excessive, it results in a depletion of intracelular NAD+ and ATP. There is ultimately cell death.