0.05).Except imipenem and ampicillin,there was significant difference between the resistance of non-ESBLs-producing strains from CAP and from HAP to other eleven kinds of antibiotics(?2 test,P

OBJECTIVE Approach the cause of esophageal perforation and the analysis of diagnosis, therapy and its outcome in this disease. METHODS We retrospectively review 11 patients of esophageal perforation between1997 and 2004 in our department. There were 9 cases were taken out foreign bodies from their esophageal, another 2 cases haven't been found any foreignbodies and 1 of 2 was caused by iatrogenic reasons. Perforation occurred in the cervical esophagus was 4, and in the thoracic esophagus was 7. Their symptoms were dysphagia or pain, retrosternal-pain, dyspnea, subcutaneous emphysema, fever, hematemesis or melena. RESULTS 7/11 cases visited the clinic during 24 hours after foreign-body occured, 4/11 cases visited after 24 hours and the last visited clinic on 27th day late. Dysphagia was the most common presenting symptom specially with pain in eating, noted in 9 cases (81.8 %); retrosternal-pain and fever were noted in 8 cases (72.7 %), subcutaneous emphysema in 5 (45.5 %), dyspnea in 2 (18.2 %), hematemesis and melena.in 1 (9.1 %). 5 cases were died and the common mortality was 45.45 % (5/11). The mortality in primary repair with surgery treatment was 66.7 % (2/3); the mortality in conservative management was 37.5 % (3/8). The mortality of the perforation in cervical esophagus was 25 % (1/4), in thoracic esophagus was 57.14 % (4/7). The mortality of the visit time in 24 hours was 28.57 % (2/7),and out of 24 hour was 75% (3/4). CONCLUSION Sophageal perforation is usually caused by foreign body or iatrogenic in ENT-Head&Neck surgery. The esophageal perforation will been cured that decided in early visiting, taking away of foreign-boby, the right choice of antibiotic, nutritional support, primary healthy statement of esophagus. We regard that should perform non-operational conservative therapy in the patients who resulted in esophageal perforation except abscess or remain causing by foreign body. And the high risks in mortality of the repairing in surgery should been noticed.

Objective To investigate the evolution of nonspecific manifestations of pulmonary function in elderly people.Methods Retrospective analysis of the data of nonspecific pulmonary function(NSPF) on the initial PF testing in elderly people from the same PFT apparatus in Beijing Hospital were collected from January 2004 to December 2012.All the patients with complete clinical data and reexamination at least one time were enrolled into this analysis.NSPF was defined as normal FEV1/FVC and TLC combined with a decreased FEV1 or FVC or both.All the patients with complete clinical data were divided into blocking group,restricted group,NFSP group and normal group according to their PF.The comparison was performed among these groups.Kaplan-Meier was used for analysis of the turnover and outcome of elderly NSPF patients,log-rank test was used for comparing the difference of turnover and outcome and COX regression was used for analyzing single and multiple factors of different turnover and outcome.Results Overall 59 patients were diagnosed as NSPF,with male:female ratio of 52:7,the average age of(71.8 ± 8.8)years and at a median follow-up of 4 years.The statistically significant differences in age,sex,body mass index(BMI),smoking status,both the clinical manifestations and chest CT performance at first visit and during the following-up were not found among the groups(all P ＞0.05).The pulmonary functions of NSPF patients were transformed into an obstructive pattern(19.6 ％),into a restrictive pattern(7.6 ％)and into a normal pattern(8.8 ％) in 4 years cumulative incidence rate,with statistically significant in differences(x2 =7.411,P =0.024).An invariant pulmonary function in NSPF patients accounted for 64.0％ in the most,and the second was obstructive ventilation function disability.Monomial and multinomial Cox regression analysis showed that emphysema and bulla in the initial CT scan was the predictor of the change to the obstructive pattern from NSPF during follow-up(HR=4.325,P=0.045),age was the predictor of the change to the restrictive pattern(HR=1.143,P=0.020).And pleural thickening and disappearing of pleural effusion were the predictor of change to the normal pattern (HR =8.889,P =0.018) respectively.Conclusions Most NSPF in elderly people could exist consistently.Obstructive pattern is the maximal likelihood of NSPF changing to the other pattern.Emphysema and bulla in the initial CT scan is the predictor of the obstructive pattern.The change is related with emphysema and bulla in the initial CT scan.

Adult ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Middle Aged ; Phytotherapy ; Prostatitis ; drug therapy ; prevention & control

Objective To investigate the effects of pioglitazone on angiotensin Ⅱ(AngⅡ) -induced proliferation and collagen typeⅠ expression of adventitial fibroblasts (AF). Methods The AFs were isolated from rat thoracic aorta. MTT colorimetry and flow cytometry were used to study the effects of pioglitazone on proliferation and cell cycles of AF. The expression of collagen typeⅠ regulated by pioglitazone was examined by the method of Western blot. Results Pioglitazone inhibited the proliferation of AF in a dose-dependent manner, and the most marked effect could be observed at the concentration of 10?10-6 mol/L for pioglitazone (P

Objective To study the bone turnover and its related molecular mechanism in STZ-induced diabetic rats. Methods Of 30 male SD rats studied, 15 were induced diabetics by intravenous injection of streptozotocin (50 mg/kg)and fed for 8 weeks. After the sacrifice of both the diabetic and control groups, serum Ca, P, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and osteocalcin were determined, and 24 h urinary Ca and urinary cross-linked N-telopeptide of type Ⅰ collagen (NTx)and creatinine (Cr)ratio were also determined. The left tibia was dissected for bone histomorphometry analysis. Right femur and lumbar vertebrae (L1-L4) were reserved for bone mineral density (BMD) determination. The right tibia was separated for the study of bone tissue RANKL/osteoprotegerin, Core binding factor 1 (Cbfa1) ,osterix and osteocalcin mRNA level which was performed by real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assay. Results No significant difference was found in serum Ca, P, and ALP levels between 2 groups of rats. ST-Z-induced diabetic rats were characterized by extreme hyperglycemia, marked weight loss, polyuria, and hypercalciuria. A low-turnover osteopenia was evidenced in diabetic rats by decreased BMD in both femur [(0. 099±0.013) vs (0. 139 ± 0.013 g/cm~3) , P < 0.01] and lumbar vertebrae [(0. 107±0.011)vs (0. 149±0.009) g/cm~3, P<0.01] , reduced serum osteoealcin level [a marker of formation, (3.03±0.52) vs (6. 18±0.71) ng/ml ,P<0. 01]) ,decreased urine NTx/Cr ratio [(5. 67±0.86) vs (5.23±0.98) nmol/g Cr, P<0. 05], decreased trabeeular volume and thickness, and reduced bone label surface and bone formation rate [(0. 44±0. 11) vs (0. 78±0. 14) μm/d,P<0. 01] by bone dynamic study. The RANKL/ osteoprotegerin [(0.57±0.11)vs (0.89±0.13) ,P<0.01] ,osterix [(1.93×10~(-4)±0.65×10(~-4))vs (4.19×10~(-4)± 0.71×10~(-4)) ,P<0.01] ,Cbfa1 [(26.68×10~(-4)±6.53×10~(-4))vs (37.21×10~(-4)±7.14×10~(-4)) ,P<0.01] ,and osteocalcin [(2.25×10~(-4)±1.19×10~(-4))vs (3.43×10~(-4)±1.63×10~(-4)) ,P<0.01] mRNA expressions were declined in the bone tissue of the tibia in the ST-Z-induced diabetic rats, as compared with the control. Conclusion A low-turnover osteopenia is evidenced in STZ-induced diabetic rats by significant decrease of both osteoclastic marker(RANKL/ osteoprotegerin)and osteoblastic marker (osterix ,Cbfa1 ,osteocalcin)mRNA levels in tibia.

Objective To evaluate the application of flow-through rapid hybridization technique and gene chip (HybriMax) on human papiUomavions (HPV) subtype in Chongqing.Methods Cervical tissue samples were taken under the colpnscope form 473 females who had cervical lesion for pathological analysis.The predictive value of HybriMax in cervical abnormality was compared with pathological results,which were used as golden standard.Resuits 13 different subtypes were found and total HPV positive rate was 63.0% (284/473) Among the 17 different subtypes ,the higher positive rote HPV subtypes were HPV16 (23.7%,112/473),HPV58 (12.7% ,60/473),HPV53(7.4% ,35/473).The HPV infection rates were higher with the worse d cervical lesion(X2=77.06,P＜0.01).Conclusions The most frequent subtypes of HPV infection in Chongqing cervical lesion were HPV 16,58.HybriMax was an effective method to detect HPV subtype in clinical.

Acute Disease ; Asthma ; drug therapy ; Bronchodilator Agents ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Infusions, Intravenous ; Male ; Theophylline ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use ; Treatment Outcome

To establish induction and liquid culture system for hairy roots of Danshen (Salvia miltiorrhiza), Agrobacterium rhizogenes A4, LBA9402, 15834 as test bacterium were used to infect aseptic leaves of Danshen. The hairy roots were induced and positive transgenic hairy roots were selected with PCR using rolB and rolC as the target gene. Then hairy roots of S. miltiorrhiza were harvested and salvianolic acids were extracted with 70% methanol containing 1% formic acid. The content of salvianolic acid B (SalB) and rosmarinic acid (RA) were determined by HPLC. According to the above research results, the Danshen hairy roots induced by A. rhizogenes LBA9402 were inoculated into the following group of culture media: MSOH, MS, B5, and 6,7-V liquid media. Then the same methods of extraction and determination for the content of Danshen hairy roots were adopted. Last, the hairy roots of S. miltiorrhiza induced by A. rhizogenes LBA9402 were inoculated into the MSOH liquid media with different pH values. The content of salvianolic acid were extracted with 70% methanol containing 1% formic acid and determined by HPLC. As a result, three kinds of A. rhizogenes A4, LBA9402, 15834 could induce hairy roots and Ri plasmids were integrated into the genome of S. miltiorrhiza by PCR. Danshen hairy roots induced by A. rhizogenes LBA9402 and A4 produced much more salvianolic acid, which were (3.27 ± 0.37)% [including (1.04 ±0.36)% of RA and (2.22 ± 0.29)% of SalB] and (3.17 ± 0.20)% [including (0.92 ± 0.31)% of RA and (2.25 ± 0.26)% of SalB], respectively. Hairy roots induced by A. rhizogenes LBA9402 when they were cultured in MSOH liquid media produced much more salvianolic acid, which was (4.56 ± 0.36)%, including (1.12 ± 0.26)% of RA and (3.44 ± 0.23)% of SalB. Hairy roots induced by A. rhizogenes LBA9402 produced the most salvianolic acid when they were cultured in MSOH liquid media with the pH value 4.81, which was 4.85%, including 1.16% of RA and 3.69% of SalB. So Danshen hairy roots induced by A. rhizogenes LBA9402 and A4 produced much more salvianolic acid when they were cultured in MSOH liquid media with the pH value 4.81. The research had established the foundation on genetic engineering to improve the quality of S. miltiorrhiza.
Agrobacterium ; physiology ; Benzofurans ; analysis ; metabolism ; Cell Culture Techniques ; instrumentation ; methods ; Cinnamates ; analysis ; metabolism ; Culture Media ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Depsides ; analysis ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; metabolism ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; growth & development ; metabolism ; microbiology ; Salvia miltiorrhiza ; chemistry ; growth & development ; metabolism ; microbiology

Objective To observe the effects on rabbit corneas and retinas after single intravitreal injection of voriconazole at different doses.Methods According to the randomization table,25 healthy rabbits were randomly divided into control group,and voriconazole 50,100,200,and 400 μg groups.Therefore,there were 5 rabbits in each group.The eyes of control group received intravitreal injection of 0.1 ml balanced saline solution,and those treatment groups received 0.1 ml voriconazole injection of corresponding dose.Before the injection and 1,7,and 14 days after the injection,endothelial cell counts and corneal thicknesses were measured;full-field electroretinogram were performed and b-wave amplitudes in maximal combined reaction (Max-R) were recorded.On 14 days after the injection,histologic structures were observed by light microscope and transmission electron microscope.Results There was no significant difference in endothelial cell counts (F=0.320,0.291,0.467,0.649) and corneal thicknesses (F=0.214,0.284,0.360,0.225) with those of control group at any time points (P＞0.05).Before and 1 day after the injection,b-wave amplitudes of each voriconazole group had no significant difference compared with those of control group (F=0.220,0.106;P＞0.05).On 7 days after the injection,b-wave amplitudes decreased significantly at doses of 200 μg and 400 μg (P＜0.05).On 14 days after the injection,there was no significant difference between the the amplitude of 200 μg group and that of control group (P＞ 0.05).However,the amplitude of the 400 μg group decreased continuously and there was still significant difference (P＜0.05).Light microscopy did not reveal any corneal abnormality in both control group and voriconazole groups.The retinas were normal except that of the 400 μg group,which had a thinner and degenerated inner nuclear layer and disordered photoreceptor layer.Under transmission electron microscope,there were no ultrastructure damages of corneas in both control group and voriconazole groups,either.The rabbit retinas of the 50 μg and 200 μg group have normal inner nuclear layer and photoreceptor layer,but degrees of changes in both layers were observed in the eyes of 200 μg and 400 μg group.Conclusions There is no obvious effects on rabbit corneas and retinas after single intravitreal injection of voriconazole at he dose less than or equal 100 μg.There are no obvious effects on rabbit corneas at the dose of 200 μg and 400 μg,while there are damages to the retinas in both functions and histological structures.