Cerebral infarction is not only a focal damage,but also causes secondary damage in areas remote from the ischemic territory,which will retard the recovery of neurological function.Ephrin receptor B2 (EphB2) plays an important role in the development and repair mechanism of central nervous system.Blocking the effect of EphB2 in brain by using a specific inhibitor may enhance proliferation and migration of endogeneous neuronal stem cells after experimental cerebral infarc- tion,improve neurological function and influence angiogenesis and neuroplasticity in remote sites.It is expected to become a new approach for decreasing damages in areas remote from the cerebral infarction and promoting the recovery of neurological function.

Objective To observe the numerical characteristics of dendritic cells (DC),the DC subsets(myeloid dendritic cell,MDC; plasmacytoid dendritic cell,PDC) and CD4+ CD25 + CD127low/-Tr cells in peripheral blood of Graves disease (GD) patients.Methods According to the clinical manifestations and serum FT3,FT4 and TSH,the GD patients were divided into the untreated-group,the clinical remission group and the clinical stable group,and set normal control group as well.The flow cytometry was used to detect DC and CD4+CD25+CD127low/-Tr cells of the percentage of CD4+ T cells in subjects peripheral blood(EDTA-K2 anticoagulated).The indicators were compared among various groups,and the correlation between the indicators with serum FT3,FT4 and TSH were observed.Results (1) In the untreated-group,the clinical remission group,the clinical stable group,and normal control group,total DCs,MDCs and MDC/PDC gradually declined,untreated-group has a significant difference from the other three groups also the significant difference was found among other three groups; (2) In the untreated-group,the clinical remission group,the clinical stable group,and normal control group,PDCs declined successively,but only the difference was found between untreated-group and normal control group; (3)In the untreated-group,the clinical remission group,the clinical stable group,and normal control group,CD4+CD25+CD127low/-Tr cells gradually raised,but only the difference between untreated-group and normal control group make sense; (4)In the untreated-group,PDCs and CD4+CD25+CD127low/-Tr cells have a certain relevance; (5)There was good correlation between DCs and serum FT3,FT4 and TSH,but CD4+CD25+CD127low/-Tr cells only have correlation with FT3 and FT4.Conclusion DC,MDC,MDC/PDC increased in the untreated-GD patients,and decreased after the therapy of anti-thyroid.Therefore,DCs and the DC subsets are expected to be used to monitor GD in the course of disease.CD4+CD25+CD127low/-Tr cells can be used as a new indicator of the onset of GD.

AIM:To identify and quantify the expression of IL-1βand IL-17 in mast cells ( MCs) in different types of human pericapical diseases using double immunofluorescence staining .METHODS: The specimens ( n=102 ) , including healthy control ( n=35 ) , periapical cyst ( n=35 ) and periapical granuloma ( n=32 ) , were involved in the present study .The tissue samples were fixed in 10% buffered formalin for at least 48 h and then embedded in paraffin . Serial 5-μm-thick sections were deposited onto SuperFrost/Plus microscope glasses .Routine staining of the sections using hematoxylin&eosin ( HE) was performed for morphological evaluation .The number of IL-1βand IL-17 positive MCs was identified by double immunofluorescence staining .RESULTS:Compared with the healthy controls , the inflammation score of periapical lesions was significantly increased in the periapical patients (P<0.01).The density of IL-1βand IL-17 posi-tive MCs in the periapical lesions were obviously higher than that in the healthy controls (P<0.01).However, no signifi-cant difference between periapical cyst and periapical granuloma was observed .The Pearson correlation analysis showed that there was a positive correlation between the density of IL-1βand IL-17 double positive MCs and inflammation score in dif-ferent groups of specimens (P<0.01).CONCLUSION:There is significantly increased number of MCs , along with in-creased density of IL-1βand IL-17 positive MCs in human periapical lesions .The increased density of IL-1βand IL-17 positive MCs has the similar tendency as the severity of tissue inflammation in human periapical lesions , suggesting that IL-1βand IL-17 positive MCs may play an important role in the pathogenesis of human periapical diseases .

ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical features and risk factors of patient with Wegener's granulomatosis complicated with pulmonary infection.Methods Patients with Wegener's granulomatosis admitted to our hospital in the past 11 years were retrospectively analyzed.Comparisons between groups were performed by t tests or Fisher test.ResultsPulmonary infection occurred in 27 cases with an incidence rate of 29％.Twenty-six percent of pulmonary infections occurred at the initial diagnosis,and 44％ occurred within 6 months,while 30％ occurred later than 6 months.The clinical manifestations of pulmonary infection were productive cough (89％),hemoptysis (63％),fever and fatigue (56％),chest pain and pactoralgia (33％).The most common causative pathogen were bacteria(59％ ),fungi(37％ ),and tubercle bacillus(37％ ).Sinus infection(P=0.01),hypoproteinemia(P=0.03),hypoimmunoglobulinemia (P=0.007),and methylprednisolone pulse therapy(P=0.002) were the risk factors for pulmonary infection.ConclusionThe occurrence of Wegener's granulomatosis complicated with pulmonary infection is high within 6 months.The most common clinical manifestation is productive cough.The most common causative pathogens are bacteria,tubercle bacillus and fungi.Sinus infection,hypoproteinemia,hypoimmunoglobulinemia,and methylprednisolone pulse therapy are risk factors of pulmonary infection.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effect of the platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) on the phenotypic transformation of corpus cavernosum smooth muscle cells (CCSMC) in SD rats.

METHODSCCSMCs were primarily cultured in the modified tissue sticking medium and subjected to immunofluorescence assay. The cells were divided into a blank control and four PDGF-BB groups, the latter exposed to 5, 10, 20, and 40 ng/ml of PDGF-BB, respectively, for 24 hours, and the cells in the 20 ng/ml PDGF-BB group treated for 24, 48, and 72 hours. The the relative expressions of α-SMA, SMMHC, calponin, and OPN mRNA were determined by real-time fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR).

RESULTSThe α-SMA positive rate of the CCSMCs was over 95%. Compared with the blank control group, the expression levels of α-SMA, SMMHC, and calponin mRNA were significantly decreased (P < 0.05) while that of OPN mRNA remarkably increased (P < 0.05) in the PDGF-BB groups. The 20 ng/ml PDGF-BB group also showed significantly downregulated expressions of α-SMA, SMMHC, and calponin mRNA (P < 0.05) and upregulated expression of OPN mRNA (P < 0.05) at 24, 48, and 72 hours.

CONCLUSIONPDGF-BB can induce the transformation of the phenotype of CCSMCs in SD rats from the contractile to the synthetic type.

Actins ; metabolism ; Animals ; Calcium-Binding Proteins ; metabolism ; Cell Culture Techniques ; Cells, Cultured ; Male ; Microfilament Proteins ; metabolism ; Muscle Contraction ; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Myosin Heavy Chains ; metabolism ; Penis ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Phenotype ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-sis ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; RNA, Messenger ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Time Factors

Aim To study relative bioavailablity of cefaclor effervescent tablets in healthy volunteers. Methods According to the crossover design, A volunteers were each orally given a single does of the 0.75 g cefaclor effervescent tablets and cefaclor capsules with an interval of 5 days between the two formulations.The plasma concentrations of the drug were determined by RP-HPLC.Pharmacokinetic parameters were obtained by ATPK programe,and calculated on the basis of open single compartment model.Results After a single oral dose, the peak levels in plasma averaged Cmax(31.27?5.81)?g?ml-1 and(30.56?5.25) ?g?ml-1 at (0.58?0.12)h and(0.73?0.17)h and AUC0～4(35.48?4.65) ?g?h?ml-1 and (35.89?2.90) ?g?h?ml-1 for tablet and capsule,respectively. Conclusion The result shows that two formulations are bioequivalence.

[Objective] Based on the resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging to investigate the abnormal features of the functional connectivity of resting brain neural network in the patients with primary insomnia,by using voxel-wise whole-brain finctional networks analysis of degree centrality (DC) for imaging evidence of neural mechanisms underlying primary insomnia.[Methods] The resting state fMRI were performed in 59 PI patients and 47 age,education,and sex-matched normal healthy subjects.Analysis of DC map changes between the two patient groups and the control group were performed by two sample t test.(threshold at P ＜ 0.05).[Results] Compared with the control group,the patients with PI showed significantly reduced DC value in bilateral medial frontal gyrus (MFG),bilateral anterior cingulate gyrus (ACG),and right insula;and increased DC value in right middle temporal gyrus (MTG),and left cuneus,(CUN),P ＜ 0.05.[Conclusion]Changes of DC value occurred in some region of brain in the P[patient groups when compared with the control group.It was indicated that DC,as a novel resting-state fMRI parameter in the voxel-wise whole-brain functional networks,might be an appealing alternative approach for further study on pathologic and neuropsychological states of PI.

Objective To evaluate systematically whether administration of hypertonic saline transfusion affects clinical outcomes with compared to standard fluid in the early stage of resuscitation for traumatic shock patients.Methods Seven English and Chinese routine biology and medicine databases were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published from January 2002 to August 2012,and established inclusion and exclusion criteria to evaluate these RCTs.The quality assessment was based on the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 5.0.1 and Jadad' s score scale.RevMan 5.0 statistical software was used for meta-analysis.Results After evaluated 211 related literatures,five RCTs met all the inclusion criteria and were enrolled for meta-analysis.The meta-a nalysis demonstrated that early hypertonic transfusion did not decrease short-term (first 48 hours after admission) mortality (RR =1.04,P =0.74); nor did it decrease later-term (7day to 3month after injury) mortality (RR =0.97,P =0.72).It also did not decrease the total volume of fluid and blood transfusion required during the first day (P =0.38).Similarly,it did not affect the incidents of infections (RR =1.04,P =0.70),the length of stay in ICU (P =0.2) and total length of stay in the hospital.Conclusions Compared to standard fluid,there was no advantage on mortality and hospital infection by using hypertonic supplement transfusion in the early stage of resuscitation for traumatic shock patients.Hypertonic transfusion did not have any significant effect on the volume of total fluid and blood transfusion required the first day,and no trend of reduction for the length of ICU and hospital stay.Further well-designed randomized controlled trials are needed to demonstrate the cost effectiveness of hypertonic transfusion to traumatic shock patients while in ICU.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of total flavonoids of propolis (TFP) on apoptosis of myocardial cells of chronic heart failure and its possible mechanism in rats.

METHODSSix male SD rats were randomly selected as normal control group, the remaining rats were made as chronic heart failure (CHF) model by intraperitoneal injection of adriamycin. The rats in the successful model were randomly divided into five groups (n = 6): CHF group, total flavonoids of propolis low dose group (LD group), total flavonoids of propolis middle dose group (MD group), total flavonoids of propolis high dose group (HD group), digoxin group (DIG group). After six week treatment, cardiac function indexes of rats were recorded by signal acquisition system; brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), cardiac troponin I (cTnI), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) content in plasma were detected; Myocardial morphological changes and collagen fiber hyperplasia by HE and Masson staining were observed; Myocardial apoptosis was detected with TUNEL method and protein connexin 43(P-Cx43) expression was detected by Western blot method.

RESULTSCompared with NC group, left ventricular systolic pressure(LVSP) and maximal rise/fall velocity of left ventriculad pressure (± dP/dt(max)) absolute value in CHF group were significantly lowered (P < 0.01) while left ventricular end diastolic pressure (LVEDP) was increased significantly (P < 0.01); Contents of plasma BNP, cTnI, TNF-α and IL-6 in the CHF group were significantly improved (P < 0.01). Compared with CHF group, LVSP, ± dP/dt(max) absolute value in MD and HD groups were increased (P < 0.05), and LVEDP was significantly lowered (P < 0.01); LVEDP in LD group was significantly lowered (P < 0.01), changes in LVSP and ± dp/dt(max) absolue value were not obvious (P > 0.05). BNP, cTnI, TNF-α and IL-6 contents in MD and HD groups were significantly reduced (P < 0.01), but those plasma indicator changes were not obvious in LD group (P > 0.05). Western blot showed that P-Cx43 expression in CHF group was significantly higher than that in NC group (P < 0.01) and that in all TFP treatment groups it was decreased compared with CHF group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), among which pairwise comparisons also showed differences (P < 0.05), myocardial apoptosis index (%)(22.62 ± 3.39) in CHF group was higher than that in NC group( 1.12 ± 0.24) (P < 0.01); compared with CHF group, the apoptosis index of myocardial cells (%) in LD,MD and HD groups, (15.79 + 2.8), (9.28 + 2.1) and (4.73 + 1.14) respectively, were significantly lower than those in the CHF group( P < 0.01). The expression level of P-Cx43 positively correlated with the apoptotic index (r = 0. 861, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONTotal flavonaids of propolis have inhibitory effect on apoptosis of myocardial cells of chronic heart failure induced by adriamycin in rats, and the mechanism may be closely related to the regulation of Cx43 expression, especially the regulatory phosphorylation status.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; Chronic Disease ; Connexin 43 ; metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Doxorubicin ; adverse effects ; Flavonoids ; pharmacology ; Heart Failure ; drug therapy ; Interleukin-6 ; blood ; Male ; Myocardium ; pathology ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; drug effects ; Natriuretic Peptide, Brain ; blood ; Phosphorylation ; Propolis ; chemistry ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Troponin I ; blood ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; blood

OBJECTIVETo investigate the impact of ethanol extracts from Sedum sarmentosum (ESB) on STAT-3 signaling and its probable molecular mechanism in inducing apoptosis.

METHODMTT assay was used to detect the impact of ESB on HepG2 cell proliferation. FITC-Annexin V-FITC /PI double-labeling were used to investigate the impact on hepatoma carcinoma cell apoptosis. Western blot analysis was used to test the expression levels of cell apoptosis-related proteins Caspase-3, Caspase-9, PARP, P-STAT-3 (Tyr705) , STAT-3, Bcl-2, Mcl-1.

RESULTESB could notably inhibit proliferation of HepG2 cells, and induce HepG2 cell apoptosis, with the dose-dependent inhibitory effect. In addition, ESB could inhibit STAT-3 signaling, down-regulate Mcl-1 and Bcl-2 expressions, and induce degradation/activation of apoptosis-related proteins Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 and PARP degradation in a dose-dependent manner.

CONCLUSIONESB inhibits HepG2 cell proliferation and induces apoptosis by inhibiting STAT-3 signaling and Mcl-1 and Bcl-2 expressions.

Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Blotting, Western ; Caspase 3 ; metabolism ; Caspase 9 ; metabolism ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Ethanol ; chemistry ; Flow Cytometry ; Hep G2 Cells ; Humans ; Myeloid Cell Leukemia Sequence 1 Protein ; metabolism ; Plant Extracts ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases ; metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; metabolism ; STAT3 Transcription Factor ; metabolism ; Sedum ; chemistry ; Signal Transduction ; drug effects ; Time Factors