Peyronie's disease is characterized by local fibrosis of the tunica albuginea and relatively rare clinically. Few relevant basic researches could be retrieved, which might be attributed to the absence of a robust animal model of the disease as well as to its rareness. At present, some animal models available for Peyronie's disease have their own merits and demerits. TGF-β1-induced and Fibrin-induced models are lack of penile curvature and calcification/ossification. A surgical model might be established for the acute phase of the disease. The characteristic of a widespread fibrotic process involving many organs in the spontaneous model is quite different from that of human Peyronie's disease. Therefore, choosing the right model is essential for researches. This paper presents an overview of the animal models of Peyronie's disease, meant to provide some reference for the basic research of the disease.
Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Fibrin ; Fibrosis ; Humans ; Male ; Penile Induration ; chemically induced ; pathology ; Penis ; pathology ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1

Objective To assess the CT image quality of the pure ground glass nodule(pGGN)in chest phantom by using different field of view(FOV)and matrix.Methods CT(Philips Brilliance 128 spiral CT)scans were performed on chest phantom containing 9 artificial pGGNs(diameter≥5 mm)in 3 different FOV (50 mm,150 mm,300 mm ),and were reconstructed in 2 different matrix(512×512, 1 024×1 024),standard kernel.Recorded the CT values and standard deviations (SD)of the nodules and surrounding regions in different FOV and matrix,and calculated the mean standard deviation(MSD),contrast noise ratio (CNR)and signal noise ratio (SNR),then compared the difference among them.Two radiologists assessed the image quality of the pGGNs in blind method respectively,then evaluated the coherence between them using Kappa testing.Results The coherence of 2 observers was substantial or almost perfect.No significant differences were found on MSD,CNR and SNR in different FOV (P value>0.05)when matrix was kept,whereas the visibility of the nodules improved with the FOV changing smaller.And there were significant differences all on MSD,CNR and SNR by using different matrix when FOV was kept.The MSD increased and the CNR,SNR decreased in high-resolution group.The visibility of the pGGNs was not improved obviously in high-resolution group.Conclusion The image quality of the pGGN(diameter≥5 mm)won’t be changed by using smaller FOV when matrix is kept ,but the visibility will be improved with the FOV changing smaller.When FOV is kept,the MSD increased and the CNR,SNR reduced in high-resolution group,but the visibility will not be improved obviously compare to the standard resolution group.

OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for determining the content of Ornidazole gel by first-order derivative spectrophotometry.METHODS:The first-order derivative spectrophotometry was used to determine the content of Ornidazole gel at a wavelength of 259nm and 299nm.RESULTS:The linear range of Ornidazole was 4.01～44.1?g?mL-1.The average recovery was 101.6%,with RSD of 1.3%.CONCLUSIONS:This method can meet the requirements for quality control of Ornidazole gel both in terms of precision and accuracy.

Objective To study the value of application of histamine provocation test and airway resistance measurement in diagnosis and therapeutic efficacy in preschool children with asthma.Methods Histamine provocation test and airway resistance measurement by the Italian MEFAR MB3 provocating instrument and Germen Microloop lung function instrument for 42 cases who were diagnosed as asthmatic(27 patients with bronchial asthma and 15 cases of cough variant asthma)and 21 healthy cases was compared,and the differences between the 2 groups and the value of therapeutic efficacy were analyzed.Results The resistance ratio of respiratory tract of control group was(97.11?9.09)%,which in asthma and cough variant asthma group was(229.37?57.48)% and(248.80?76.80)%.There was significant difference between the 3 groups(F=48.466 P

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of Zige lyophilized powder for injection in improving the acute cerebral microcirculation disturbance in rats.

METHODWindow craniotomy was performed for rats after the drug administration for 14 days. The experimental microcirculation disturbance model was duplicated with high molecule dextran. After the drug administration, the micro-vein diameters of cerebral pla mater of various groups were observed and recorded under the biological microscope. The blood flow volume was monitored by laser Doppler flow-meter. HCT was measured by the electric resistance method. The hemorheological indexes were detected by the auto-hemorheological instrument.

RESULTZige lyophilized powder for injection (16.40, 32.70, 65.40 mg x kg(-1)) could significantly expand the micro-vein diameter of cerebral pla mater, improve the downward trend of the blood flow volume, and reduce the various hemorheological indexes.

CONCLUSIONZige lyophilized powder for injection shows the effect in improving the cerebral microcirculation.

Animals ; Brain ; blood supply ; drug effects ; Brain Ischemia ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; Cerebrovascular Circulation ; drug effects ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Male ; Powders ; administration & dosage ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Objective To investigate the prevalence and percentage of dyslipidemia awareness among overweight and obese residents in Beijing community. Method Cross-sectional data of 9786 subjects from capital cholesterol education and intervention program (CCEIP) were analyzed. Participants were divided into 3 groups (Normal, overweight and obese) based on body mass index (BMI). Blood lipid levels were determined from overnight fasting plasma samples. Questionnaires were collected to estimate awareness of dyslipidemia. Result ( 1 ) Blood lipids levels were positively correlated with BMI ( r = 0. 17, 0. 18,-0.26 and 0. 35 between total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, triglyceride and BMI,respectively, all P <0. 01 ). (2) Prevalence of dyslipidemia increased in proportion with increase of BMI. The age-standardized prevalence of dyslipidemia of normal, overweight and obese population was 23.9%,43.3% and 65.4% in men and 17.9%, 29.2% and 42. 3% in women. Dyslipidemia was more frequent in obese men than obese women(65.4% vs. 42. 3% ,P <0. 01 ). However, this gender difference decreased gradually with the increase of age. Risk of hypercholesterolemia, high LDL-C, low HDL-C and hypertriglyceridemia in obese men was 1.6, 2. 9, 2. 4, and 2. 7 folders higher than in the normal body weight men and was 1.3, 1.9, 1.7 and 2. 1 folders higher in obese women than in normal body weight women. (3) Unexpectly, the percentage of dyslipidemia awareness in overweight and obese population was not significantly higher than in the normal body weight group (P > 0. 05). Conclusion The prevalence of dyslipidemia was high while the percentage of dyslipidemia awareness was rather low in obese population. Aggressive intervention should be taken in obese population, especially in the young obese men, to effectively reduce dyslipidemia.

Four kinds of ionic liquids were adopted to analyze the content of rubimaillin and alizarin in Rubia cordifolia roots with ultrasonic-assisted extraction coupled with HPLC. The chromatographic column, Purospher star RP-C18 (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 microm), was used. Methanol and 0.4% acetic acid-water as mobile phase with flow rate at 0.85 mL min(-1), gradient elution, detection wavelength at 250 nm, chromatographic column temperature was controlled at room temperature. The result showed that rubimaillin and alizarin had the highest extraction yield when the [ HMIM] PF6methanol solution concentration of 0.6 mol x L(-1) as extraction solvent and the conditions were solid-liquid ratio of 1:80 (g x mL(-1)). Under the optimal extraction conditions, the content of alizarin from 0.01 to 0.04 microg showed a good linearity (r = 0.9999), the average recovery was 97.12%, the content of rubimaillin from 0.41 to 1.35 microg showed a good linearity (r = 0.9999), the average recovery was 98.10%. This experiment adopted environmentally friendly reagent as extraction solvent, the extraction efficiency was improved, and the environmental pollution caused by organic solvent was avoided, the harm of human body aslo was reduced. This method was simple and reliable, its repeatability was also very good, which had an important significance in the study of traditional Chinese medicine active ingredient extraction methods.
Anthraquinones ; analysis ; Chromatography, Reverse-Phase ; methods ; Ionic Liquids ; chemistry ; Pyrans ; analysis ; Rubia ; chemistry ; Ultrasonics

Four kinds of ionic liquids [BMIM] Br, [BMIM] BF4, [BMIM] PF6, [HMIM] PF6 were used to analyze the content of oleanic acid and paeoniflorin in Paeonia lactiflora with ultrasonic-assisted extraction coupled with HPLC. The chromatographic column, Purospher star RP-C18 (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 μm), was used. Acetonitrile and water (90:10) as mobile phase was used to determine the content of oleanic acid with a gradient elution and flow rate at 1.00 mL · min(-1), detection wavelength at 210 nm, chromatographic column temperature at room temperature. Paeoniflorin content was determined using acetonitrile and water (18:82) as mobile phase with a gradient elution and flow rate at 1.00 mL · min(-1), detection wavelength at 250 nm, the chromatographic column temperature at room temperature. The result show that oleanic acid has the highest extraction yield when the conditions are solid-liquid ratio of 1:80 (g · mL(-1)), and the [BMIM] Br methanol solution concentration of 0.6 mol · L(-1). Under the optimal extraction conditions, the content of oleanic acid from 0.24 to 3.76 μg showed a good linearity (r = 0.9999), the average recovery was 97.20%. Paeoniflorin has the highest extraction yield when the conditions are solid-liquid ratio of 1:130 (g · mL(-1)), and the [C4 MIM] PF6 methanol solution concentration of 0.6 mol · L(-1). Under the optimal extraction conditions, paeoniflorin content from 0.42 to 4.20 μg showed a good lin- earity (r = 1.000), the average recovery was 98.84%. This method is simple and reliable, its repeatability is also very good. It has important significance in the study P. lactiflora of ionic liquid microextraction.
Chromatography, Reverse-Phase ; methods ; Glucosides ; analysis ; Ionic Liquids ; chemistry ; Monoterpenes ; analysis ; Oleanolic Acid ; analysis ; Paeonia ; chemistry ; Ultrasonics

AIM: To establish an experimental model of high intraocular pressure in mice by laser photocoagulation and to prepare for future research.
METHODS: Experimental model of high intraocular pressure was induced unilaterally in 44 C57BL/6 mice. The fellow eye served as a control. TONO-PEN AVIA Tonomter was used to measure intraocular pressure (IOP) to guarantee IOP value at 1, 2, 4, 8wk. Slit-lamp biomicroscopy was performed throughout the period and the structural changes were assessed histologically. And then, their eyes were enucleated, postfixed, cryoprotected, and embedded in optimal cutting temperature medium. After hematoxylin and eosin stain ( HE stain ) , cryosections of the retina were observed under light microscope. TdT-mediated biotin-dUTP nick end labeling ( TUNEL ) was performed on the retinal sections to determine apoptosis rate.
RESULTS: IOP of laser-treated eyes was significantly higher than that of control eyes from 1-8wk (P<0. 05). The highest IOP was 31mmHg, but only one eye. The IOP was mainly around 20mmHg. In laser-treated eyes, the angle of anterior chamber were narrow. Number of cells in the inner nuclear layer and retial gangllion cell layer was slightly lower than that in control eyes at 2wk, but by 4 and 8wk the number of cells was significantly lower than that in the control contralateral eyes.
CONCLUSION: The laser photocoagulation of limbus causes chronic elevation of IOP and this method may be a promising experimental model for the investigation of biological mechanisms of glaucomatous retinal ganglion cell damage.