OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of Yangyin Shengjin Decoction (YYSJD) on hemorheological parameters and coagulation factors in model rabbits with syndrome of excessive heat consuming body fluid and blood stasis. METHODS: Rabbit model with syndrome of excessive heat consuming body fluid and blood stasis was produced. The effects of YYSJD on the blood viscosity, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), hematocrit, platelet aggregation rate, prothrombin time (PT), thrombin time (TT), kaolin partial thromboplastin time (KPTT), fibrinogen (Fg), thromboxane B(2) (TXB(2)), and 6-keto-prostaglandin F(1alpha) (6-keto-PGF(1alpha)) in the model rabbits were observed. RESULTS: YYSJD decreased the whole blood viscosity and hematocrit, inhibited the platelet aggregation, prolonged PT, TT and KPTT, and reduced the content of Fg. It also regulated the balance between TXB(2) and 6-keto-PGF(1alpha). CONCLUSION: YYSJD can promote the blood circulation, adjust the blood agglutinating function, and decrease the formation of thrombus. This is one of the pharmacological mechanisms of the therapeutic method of "nourishing yin to promote blood circulation" in the theory of traditional Chinese medicine for seasonal febrile diseases.

AIM: To establish the quality standard for Gubiling Capsules (Penis Et Testis Canis, Radix Noto ginseng, Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae, Herba Epimedii, Radix Aucklandiae, etc.). METHODS: Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae, Herba Epimedii, Radix Aucklandiae were identified by TLC, and the ginsenoside Rg 1 content was determined by HPLC. RESULTS: Ginsenoside Rg 1 showed a good linear relationship in the range of 1.2-6.0 ?g ( r = 1.00 0 ) and average recovery was 96.9%. RSD was 0.4%. CONCLUSION: These methods are simple, accurate and specific and can be used for the quality control for Gubiling Capsules.

OBJECTIVEThe study aimed to test if Paridis Rhizoma total saponins (PRTS) could induce apoptosis of human gastric cancer cell MKN-45.

METHODBased on the previous researches, PRTS was set by different concentrations to treat human gastric cancer cell for 12 h (5, 10, 20 mg x L(-1)). Fluorescent staining methods were adopted to observe apoptotic morphological changes of MKN-45. The apoptosis rates were analyzed by flow cytometry with Annexin V-FITC/PI staining. The enzymatic activities of caspase-3 and caspase-8 were measured by ELISA. The protein levels of Fas and FasL were detected by Western blotting.

RESULTUnder a fluorescence microscope, MKN-45 treated by PRTS was seen typical apoptotic morphological features. PRTS significantly increased the rate of apoptosis. Compared with the control group, there exsited significant differences in apoptosis rate of PRTS concentration of 20 mg x L(-1) (P < 0.01); besides, the enzymatic activities of caspase-3 and caspase-8 were promoted obviously after the effect of PRTS on MKN-45 cells for 12 h (P < 0.01). The protein levels of Fas and FasL in the MKN-45 were upgraded significantly.

CONCLUSIONPRTS can induce apoptosis of human gastric cancer cell MKN-45 , which is concerned with caspase-3 and caspase-8 and upgraded Fas and FasL.

Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Caspase 3 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Caspase 8 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Fas Ligand Protein ; metabolism ; Humans ; Magnoliopsida ; chemistry ; Rhizome ; chemistry ; Saponins ; pharmacology ; Signal Transduction ; drug effects ; Stomach Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; fas Receptor ; metabolism

Objective:To investigate the role of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2(ERK1/2)signal pathway in the pathogenesis of stress-induced gastric ulcer.Methods:Animal model of stress-induced gastric ulcer was established in rats with water-immersion restraint(WIR)stress.The mucosal activation of ERK1/2 was observed before and 5,15 and 30 min,and 1, 2 and 3.5 h after WIR stress.Some animals were also treated with an intravenous injection of PD98059(1 mg/kg),a specific ERK1/2 inhibitor,1 h prior to WIR stress.Expression of total ERK1/2 and caspase-3 were detected by Western blot analysis; ERK1/2 activity was measured by kinase activity assay using myelin basic protein as a specific substrate.DNA-binding activities of the transcription factors activator protein-1(AP-1)and nuclear factor-?B(NF-?B)were determined by electrophoretic mobility shift assays(EMSA).Mucosal TNF-?and IL-1?mRNA expression was analyzed by Northern blot analysis.The degrees of the gastric mucosal lesions were expressed as ulcer index(UI)and pathological evaluation.Apoptosis in the gastric mucosa was examined by an in situ TdT-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling(TUNEL)method.Results:Activated ERK1/2 was very weakly expressed in the gastric mucosa of normal rats.ERK1/2 was rapidly activated in the gastric mucosa of rats 15 min after WIR stress and the activity reached the maximal after 3.5 h.Pretreatment with PD98059 significantly inhibited ERK1/2 activation,decreased AP-1 and NF-?B activities and TNF-?and IL-1?mRNA expression,and obviously relieved gastric mucosal lesions,accompanied by caspase-3 activation and increased apoptosis.Conclusion:The present results indicate that ERK1/2 activation plays an important role in the development of stress-induced gastric ulcer.

Objective To explore the efficacy of Fushe Jiedu Decoction combined with red light on viper bites injury limb swelling and the effects on the inflammatory cytokines. Methods Totally 90 patients were divided into control group and experimental group by using random number table method, with 45 cases in each group. The wounds of the control group were sterilized and given anti-snake venom serum, antibiotics, and tetanus immunoglobulin and supplemented with energy to correct water and electrolyte disturbances. The experimental group was treated with Fushe Jiedu Decoction based on the treatment of control group,150 mL each time,orally,twice a day; Red light was applied at the site of the most obvious swelling of the injured limb, 20 minutes each time, twice a day. The treatment lasted for 6 d. The swelling of injured limbs, serum C-reactive protein (CRP), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), histamine, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-6 levels before and after treatment in the two groups were observed. Results Compared with before treatment, the swelling of the limbs disappeared significantly in the experimental group at 3 d and 6 d and in the control group at 6 d, with statistical significance (P<0.01). Compared with the control group at the same time point, the swelling of the limbs in the treatment group was significantly better than that in the control group at 3 d and 6 d, with statistical significance (P<0.01). Compared with before treatment, the levels of CRP, 5-HT, TNF-α, and IL-6 were significantly lower in the two groups, with statistical significance (P<0.05). After treatment, CRP, 5-HT and histamine in the experimental group were significantly better than that in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Fushe Jiedu Decoction combined with red light has good efficacy for viper bites injury limb swelling, which can reduce inflammatory cytokines levels of patients.

The origins of medullary carcinoma and papillary carcinoma of thyroid are embryologically different. We report a case of simultaneous occurrence of medullary carcinoma and papillary carcinoma of the thyroid in the same thyroid gland. In this case, the occurrence of the two tumors may be a coincidence, does not have embryological or genetical significance.
Carcinoma, Medullary ; Carcinoma, Papillary* ; Thyroid Gland*

An asymptomatic 26-year-old man was initially admitted with a suspicious mediastinal mass. On the basis of the contrast-enhanced chest CT findings, aneurysm formation involving the left cervical aortic arch associated with subaortic left innominate vein was diagnosed. The aneurysm was confirmed by MR angiography and DSA. The arch aneurysm was surgically removed. We describe this case, and review the literature.
Adult ; Aneurysm* ; Angiography ; Aorta, Thoracic* ; Brachiocephalic Veins* ; Humans ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

We performed a double-masked, cross-over study of beta-blockers in 20 normal volunteers. The subjects were divided into 4 groups, and 4 different drugs(1% Bentos(R), 0.5% Betagan(R), 2% Mikelan(R) and Placebo) were administered to the 4 groups respectively for each session. The experiment consisted of 4 session, each session being a one week period of drug administration and a subsequent 3 week period of washout. The drugs were administered unilaterally eyery 12 hours for 1 week, and the IOP of the both eyes was measured at 1, 3, 5, 7, 10 hours, 1 day, 1 week, 2, 3, and 4 weeks from the time of initial administration. We also investigated the side effects. The results were as follows: 1. There was no statistically significant difference in the effect of lowering the intraocular pressure(IOP) between the 3 different beta-blockers. 2. The beta-blockers lowered the mean IOP up to a maximum of 18.7-21% of its original value 3 hours after administration and 15-16.2%, after 1 week. 3. In the contralateral eyes, there was statistically a significant mean IOP decrease after 1, 3, 5, hours, 1 day and 1 week and a mean IOP decrease was 4.1%-4.9% after 1 week. 4. There was a statistically significant IOP decrease of 5.4%-6.7% at 1 week after the cessation of administration. 5. There was no statistically significant alteration of blood pressure, pulse rates, pupillary diameter, corneal sensitivity and Schirmer's test results due to drug administration. 6. The most common ocular side effect was a burning sensation following topical administration of beta-blockers. And the frequency of side effects was highest in 1% Bentos(R), foliowed by 0.5% Betaga(R) and 2% Mikelan(R).
Administration, Topical ; Blood Pressure ; Burns ; Cross-Over Studies ; Healthy Volunteers* ; Heart Rate ; Intraocular Pressure ; Sensation

Aged ; Genital Neoplasms, Male ; pathology ; Humans ; Male ; Neurilemmoma ; pathology ; Scrotum

Objective To know the quality of iodized salt and the current situation of the salt coverage in Tibet,and to provide scientific basis for proposing proper prevention and control measures to Iodine dificiency disorders(IDD). Methods In 2008, according to the "Sampling Methods of the Main Products in the Salt Industry",one batch fifteen salt samples were collected in iodized salt processing factory in Tibet. Five townships were chosen in each county based on 5 different directions of east, south, west, north and center. If the monitoring county has less than five townships, then all of the townships were sampled. In each township, four villages were selected withrandom sampling and importance sampling. In each township, 15 households were selected for salt collection. Results A batch of 15 salt samples in a salt processing plant were tested, and all of them were qualified with salt iodine(34.6±1.58) mg/kg. A total of 21 107 edible salt samples were tested, and 11 203 of them were qualified iodized salt. These results meant that the provincial iodized salt coverage rate was 53.08%. Shannan iodized salt coverage rate was 94.31% (3395/3600) which was the highest in Tibet. Those of Nagqu, Changdu, Ngari were lower, they were 29.84% (897/3006), 24.94% (823/3300) and 17.08% (205/1200), respectively. Conclusions The quality of iodized salt in Tibet is up to the national standard, but the coverage rate of iodized salt is very low.We suggest that the strategy should be carried out according to the national overall program strategy and supplement iodized oil capsule for special groups.