PET/CT is a useful method which combines metabolic and anatomic imaging. It has already a-chieved good results in differential diagnosis of pancreatic malignant disease, evaluating therapeutic effect, monitoring tumor recurrence and metastasis. This article will summarize the clinical utilization of PET/CT in the diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic cancer.

Objective To investigate the influence of coxsackie B virus (CVB) and mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) superinfection on immunological manifestation of recurrent respiratory tract inflammations(RRI) in children.Methods One hundred and thirty-two hospitalized children with RRI between Jan.to Dec.2005 were divided into negative control group,MP infection group,CVB infection group and superintection group by determining anti-MP IgM and anti-CVB IgM.Blood sedimentation,C-reactive protein,IgG,IgA,IgM and T lymphocyte subpopulation etc.were determined in four groups.The anti-MP IgM was determined by specificity immune agglutination test.Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect anti-CVB IgM.The IgG,IgA,IgM were determined by simple agar diffusion method.T lymphocyte subpopulation was tested by flow cytometry.Results The percentage of CVB infection was 32.1%,mainly expressed in the 1-3 years old children;the percentage of MP infection was 22.7%,mainly expressed in children over 3 years old.In both CVB and MP infection group,the ten-dency of IgG increased and that of IgA decreased.IgM in the CVB and MP superinfection group was obviously higher than that in negative control group and MP infection group (Pa

Objective To study the different effects between intermittent eliminating white blood cells and immunosuppressive agents pulse therapy in children′s anaphylatoid purpura nephritis on the base of hormone′s treatment.Methods Twelve cases of anaphylatoid purpura nephritis were enrolled in the study and divided into 2 groups.After failure in the hormone′s treatment,the observation group was applied with intermittent eliminating white blood cells(5 mL/kg,1-2 times/week),and the control group was treated with immunosuppressive agents[cyclophosphamide(CTX) 0.8-1.0 g/m~2,or methotrexate(MTX) 8-10 g/m~2].Results There were no significant differences between the 2 groups.The observation group had no obvious side effects,but the control group all had different side effects.Conclusion The treatment of intermittent eliminating white blood cells can have better effects without the side effect resulting from immunosuppressive agents.

Accidents, Occupational ; Humans ; Hydrogen Sulfide ; poisoning

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Anthracosis ; complications ; microbiology ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; pharmacology ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; complications ; microbiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pseudomonas Infections ; microbiology ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa ; drug effects

Objective To commission a Mobetron intra-operative mobile accelerator and analyze the characteristics of its electron beams. Methods The dosimetrie characteristics of the electron beams genera-ted by Mobetron accelerator were measured and compared with those generated by conventional accelerator (Primus, Siemens). M oberton accelerator can generate electron beams of nominal energies of 4,6,9 and 12 MeV. The measurement items were as followings : percentage depth dose perpendicular to water phantom sur-face and beam profiles parallel to water phantom surface, output factors, applicator leakage, electron beam at-tenuation made by lead blocks,and machine output calibration. The measurement devices included a three-dimensional ( 3 D) water scanning phantom, an electrometer, a 0.6 cm3 Farmer ionization chamber, a parallel-plate ionization chamber and solid water slabs. During measurement, all applicators of different tilt angles and diameters were attached to the machine head,and their ends were adjusted to be tangent to the phantom surface. Results Except for the 12 MeV,skin dose for all energies was no more than 90%. The skin dose was higher for Mobetron accelerator electron beams than for regular electron beams. The Dmax depth in water for a 10 cm flat applicator were 0.7,1.3,2.0 and 2.2 cm for the 4 energies,respectively. The depths of 90% dose were 1.0,1.8,2.7 and 3.6 cm, respectively. The selected flat applicator was just 1 cm larger than the tumor bed. But for the beveled applicators,the field flatness and symmetry became worse,and con-sequently,the applicator size had to be selected based on the isodose distribution. The leakage dose at 1 cm outside the applicator was 1.2% ,5.1%, 10.0% and 9.1%, respectively. The lead thickness for full block was 1.5,3.0,4.5 and 6.0 mm,respectively. Conclusions Through the commissioning of Mobetron accel-erator, the machine characteristics are understood, and the data for clinical implementation and routine quality assurance are acquired.

Phospho-histone H2AX(γH2AX) has been widely used in vitro genotoxicity evaluation of ionizing radiation, carcinogenic substances and cigarette smoke as an important biomarker of DNA double stranded breaks ( DSBs) . The study developed an enzyme-linked immunesorbent assay for detection of the content ofγH2AX in cells to evaluate the genotoxicity of cigarette smoke. The study exposed CHO cells with cigarette smoke total particulate matter ( TPM) and cigarette smoke condensate ( CSC) of different dose, dose-effect relationship between smoke exposure and DNA damage and the poisonous difference of cigarette smoke components has been investigated by detecting the content change ofγH2 AX in cells under different exposure time and dose. In addition, reactive oxygen species ( ROS) in cells were also detected to study the mechanism of cigarette smoke exposure induced DSBs. The experiment result showed that the required time for the level ofγH2AX in cells grew to the peak prolonged with increased exposure dose. Once the level of γH2AX in cells grew to the peak value, then it decreased slowly; the level of γH2AX in cells rised with increasing dose of cigarette smoke;The effect of TPM on the content change of γH2AX was more than CSC; Moreover, smoke exposure could induce concentration increase of ROS in cells, and a good correlation of content change of ROS and γH2AX in cells were found, free radicals in cigarette smoke may be one major cause of DSBs.

Objective To investigate the effect of continuous renal replacement therapy on the levels of IL-27 in peripheral blood of patients with chronic heart failure concurrence acute kidney failure. Methods 78 patients with chronic heart failure were enrolled from June 2012 to December 2013 in Zhujiang hospital affiliated Southern medical university. According to patient′s condition, 38 patients with chronic heart failure concurrence acute kidney failure undertaking CRRT, 40 patients with chronic heart failure undertaking conventional therapy. Heart function were determined by cardiac ultrasound, the levels of IL-27 and BNP were determined by ELISA. Results Compared with chronic heart failure patients, the levels of IL-27 were decreasing but BNP were increasing in patients with chronic heart failure concurrence acute kidney failure (P < 0.05). After CRRT, the levels of IL-27 were increasing but BNP were decreasing in patients with chronic heart failure concurrence acute kidney failure. Correlation analysis showed that the levels of IL-27 is negatively correlated with the levels of BNP , but positively correlated with LVEF (P<0.05). Conclusion IL-27 participated in the development of chronic heart failure concurrence acute kidney failure. CRRT regulating and controlling the heart and kidney function may partly through effecting on immune-inflammatory mechanism.

Objective To investigate the effect of nimodipine (ND) injecting into cisterna magna on the mitochondrial pathway in hippocampus in rabbit model of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Methods Eighteen New Zealand white rabbits were randomly allocated to Sham group, SAH group and ND group, six in each group. All the animals underwent operation under anaesthesia. One mL/kg autologous non-heparinized arterial blood was injected into cisterna magna in SAH group and ND group, and the same dosage of saline was injected into cisterna magna in Sham group. Thirty minutes after injection, 1 mg/kg nimodipine was injected into cisterna magna in ND group, and equal-volume of saline was injected into cisterna magna in Sham group and SAH group. All the animals were assessed for the grade of food intake and neurological impairment, and rats were killed 72 hours after SAH. Their hippocampus were processed for detecting the expressions of Bcl-2, Bax, Caspase-3 and Cyt-C mRNA by qRT-PCR. The protein expressions of Caspase-3 and Cyt-C were detected by Western blot assay. Results Compared with the Sham group, there were lower grade of food intake, varying degrees of neurological impairment and lower ratio of Bcl-2/Bax, while the mRNA levels of Bcl-2, Bax, Caspase-3 and Cyt-C and protein levels of Caspase-3 and Cyt-C showed elevated expressions in SAH group and ND group (P<0.05). Compared with SAH group, there were no significant differences in the score of food intake and neurological impairment in the ND group ( P>0.05). There were higher ratio of Bcl-2/Bax and expression levels of Bcl-2 mRNA and lower expression levels of Bax mRNA, Caspase-3 and Cyt-C mRNA and proteins in ND group than those in SAH group (P<0.05). Conclusion Nimodipine plays a protective role in inhibiting the activity of mitochondrial pathway in hippocampus after subarachnoid hemorrhage.

AlM: To observe the effects of the coelomic cavity injection of triamcinolone acetonide ( TA) combined with laser photocoagulation on patients with retinal vein occlusion.
METHODS:Fifty-six patients of retinal obstruction with macular edema were accepted from January 2010 to December 2012 in our hospital. All patients received iodized lecithin and Xueshuantong. And, patients with central retinal vein occlusion ( CRVO ) , hemi- central retinal vein occlusion ( hemi-CRVO ) and branch retinal vein occlusion ( BRVO ) treated by TA combined with laser photocoagulation, respectively. Follow-up period was of at least 6mo
RESULTS: After the treatment of 1, 3 and 6mo, the central foveal thickness was reduced significantly ( P<0. 05). After followed up 6-12mo, the total effective rate of CRVO, Hemi-CRVO and BRVO patients was 83% ~95% and all the patients had no significant adverse reactions.
CONCLUSlON:Basing on the traditional treatment, TA combined with laser photocoagulation is more effective in the treatment of retinal vein occlusion and is worthy of clinical usage.