Objective To evaluate the results of Four-Step methods in traditional Chinese medicine Course.Methods 40 five-academic-year clinical medical students and 40 seven-academicyear undergraduate students were randomized assigned into experimental group (n=40, 20 five-academicyear clinical medical students and 20 seven-academic-year students) and control group (n=40, 20 five-academic-year students and 20 seven-academic-year students).The control group received conventional teaching, while four-step teaching break the gap between Chinese medicine and western medicine, build the base, form the framework of Chinese medicine and extend knowledge was implemented in the experimental group.Through questionnaire score, group discussion, the final evaluation of the theory and clinical training evaluation, the learning of the experimental group students and the control group students was compared.SPSS 18.0 statistical software was used and t test was employed to make analysis of the relevant data.Results The questionnaire at the end of the semester showed that the average score of students in the experimental group (36.18 ± 0.96) was higher than that in the control group (26.62 ± 1.00), and the difference was statistically significant (P=0.017).In the discussion at the end of the semester, the experimental group paid more attention to the theory and technology of traditional Chinese medicine's learning persistence in future and its application in their professional practice.Scores in theory test were higher in seven-academic-year students in experimental group (88.40 ± 8.79) than in control group (82.15 ± 6.83) and the difference was statistically significant (P=0.017), but there was no difference in five-academic-year students between experimental group (75A0 ± 12.09) and control group (77.85 ± 11.99), which was not considered statistically significant different (P=0.524).In clinical practice, the rate of outstanding students in the experimental group of seven-academic-year was five percentage points higher than the control group, while the rate of outstanding students in the experimental group of five-academic-year was 10 percentage points higher than the control group.Conclusions Four step teaching is helpful to stimulating the learning enthusiasm of the students of traditional Chinese medicine, expanding students' vision of medical field, and promoting their construction of a more comprehensive medical knowledge framework.

Objective To explore the characteristics of emotion recognition in children aged 7-14 years. Methods Nine hundred and sixty-one students aged 7-14 years were enrolled to rate the emotion dimensions of valence, arousal and dominance with the scale of Native Chinese Affective Picture System for Children. The relationship among scores of each emotion dimension was analysed, and the differences in age and gender of each emotion dimension were determined. Results For positive pictures (score of valence >6), the score of valence was positively related to that of arousal and dominate (r=0.56, r=0.40, P<0.01). For neutral pictures (score of valence 4-6), the score of valence was negatively related to that of arousal (r=-0.70, P<0.01) and positively related to that of dominance (r=0.69, P<0.01). For negative pictures (score of valence<4), the score of arousal was negatively related to that of dominance (r=-0.95, P<0.01). There were significant differences in scores of emotion dimensions between genders (P<0.05). There were significant differences in scores of arousal and dominance among children with different ages (P<0.01). Age was weakly negatively related to score of arousal (r=-0.18, P<0.01), and was weakly positively related to that of dominance (r=0.10, P<0.01). Conclusion There are significant differences in age and gender for emotion recognition in children, and the ratings are various among pictures with different characteristics, which needs to be considered in further researches.

An actinomycete B37 was isolated from an intertidal marine sponge Hymeniacidon perleve, which has strong activity against Gram positive bacteria and moderate activity against tumor cells. The mycelium and spore morphology, physiological properties and 16SrDNA sequence suggested that B37 is Streptomyces pseudogriseolus. The fermentation conditions of this strain were investigated for the biosynthesis of bioactive metabolites.

Child, Preschool ; Epilepsies, Myoclonic ; Humans ; Male

Anthracosis ; complications ; microbiology ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; pharmacology ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial ; Humans ; Imipenem ; pharmacology ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Pseudomonas Infections ; complications ; drug therapy ; microbiology ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa ; drug effects ; Pulmonary Heart Disease ; complications ; microbiology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the correlations of 24 biochemical markers in the seminal plasma with routine semen parameters.

METHODSAccording to the WHO5 standards, we analyzed the routine semen parameters of 66 subfertile men, including the semen volume, sperm concentration, total sperm count, sperm motility, and the percentage of progressively motile sperm (PR). Based on the calibration and quality control measures and using an automatic biochemistry analyzer or electrolyte analyzer, we detected 24 biochemical markers in the seminal plasma of the patients, including total protein (TP), albumin (Alb), globulin (Glb), uric acid (UA), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (AKP), γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK), alpha hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (αHBDH), adenosine deaminase (ADA), glucose (Glu), triglyeride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), urea nitrogen (UN), creatinine (Cr), high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP), K+, Na+, Cl- , Ca, Mg, and phosphorus (P). Then we analyzed the correlations of the 24 biochemical markers with routine semen parameters.

RESULTSThe levels of the TP, Alb, and Glb proteins in the seminal plasma were positively correlated with sperm concentration, so was that of Alb with the total sperm count, and the AST and LDH activities with sperm concentration and total sperm count. The AKP activity in the seminal plasma was correlated negatively with the semen volume, but positively with sperm motility. The αHBDH activity exhibited a positive correlation with both sperm concentration and total sperm count, with a coefficient of correlation (r) above 0.7. The UN level was correlated negatively with the semen volume, so was the Cr level with the semen volume, sperm concentration, and total sperm count, and the Glu level with sperm concentration and total sperm count. The TG level was correlated positively with the semen volume, but negatively with sperm motility. The levels of seminal plasma ALT, GGT, ADA, UA, TC, CK, and hsCRP showed no correlation with the above-mentioned semen parameters. None of the seminal plasma K+, Na+, Ca, Mg, and P levels was found correlated with semen parameters except the Cl- level, which was negatively correlated with the semen volume.

CONCLUSIONMany biochemical markers in the seminal plasma are closely related to routine semen parameters, indicating that these biochemical components may play roles in spermatogenesis, sperm maturation, and physiological metabolism.

Objective To explore the influence of feeding styles in early stage on children′s weight in different stages.Methods A complete record of 918 healthy infants was selected and then divided into 3 feeding groups:breast feeding, mixed feeding and artificial fee-ding, according to the way of feeding in the first 6 months after birth. Their weights and heights were measured in the 3rd,5th,8th,12th,18th,24th,60th month to conduct the Z score of weight for age (WAZ), weight for height (WHZ) and the body mass index (BMI) of 60-month-old infants.An investigation on the time of adding auxiliary food was conducted.Results The heavier,WAZ and WHZ of breast feeding group in the 3rd month were higher than the other groups,and the differences were statistially significant(F=4.12, 5.66, 5.79 Pa

Humans ; Laparoscopy ; Proctectomy ; Rectal Neoplasms/surgery* ; Rectum/surgery* ; Transanal Endoscopic Surgery

Objective To observe the expression of STEAP4 gene(a novel obesity-related gene) during the period of human preadipocyte differentiation and to explore the relationship between the STEAP4 gene expression and adipocytes differentiation,adipogenesis.Methods Human preadipocytes were cultured and differentiated into the matured adipocytes in vitro.Adipocytes morphology and lipid accumulation were observed during this process.Total RNA was extracted from adipocytes at various time points (preadipocyte,Day 0,Day 4,Day 6,Day 8,Day 11,Day 14,and Day 17) and the level of STEAP4 mRNA expression was measured by fluorescent real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase-polyme-rase chain reaction(RT-PCR).Results The level of STEAP4 mRNA expression remained high in preadipocytes.In the presence of differentiation medium (Day 4),there was a transient upregulation in the expression of STEAP4 gene.After that,with the human preadipocytes being differentiated into matured adipocytes,the expression of STEAP4 mRNA was downregulated and reached the lowest level in fully differentiated adipocytes.There was a significant difference between any 2 detected phases in the level of STEAP4 mRNA expression (Pa

Objective To establish a rat model of coal-burning-borne fluorosis,and to observe the expression changes of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) and bone morphogenetic protein-3 (BMP-3) in the serum of rat treated with different dose of fluoride and different treatment duration.Methods A total of 120 clean grade SD rats(body mass between 80 to 120 g) weaned for 4 weeks were randomly assigned into four groups,which were control,low-dose fluorid,medium-dose fluorid and high-dose fluorid groups,respectively,and 30 rats in each group (female 15,male 15).All of the rats were fed with coal drying corn from fluorosis area.Ten rats were killed by femoral artery bleeding 30 d,90 d and 180 d after exposed to fluoride,respectively.Serum BMP-2 and BMP-3 level was tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results ①Results of BMP-2:after exposed to fluoride for 90 d and 180 d,the differences of serum BMP-2 level between groups were statistically significant(F=385.08,173.98,all P ＜ 0.01).In low-dose fluorid,medium-dose fluorid and high-dose fluorid groups,the expression of serum BMP-2 at 90 d[(18.80 ± 0.43),(22.22 ± 0.85),(25.14 ± 0.69)μg/L] and 180 d[(7.98 ± 0.68),(8.97 ± 0.78),(15.04 ± 0.89)μg/L] was higher than that of control group[(12.54 ± 1.29),(7.53 ± 0.97)μg/L,all P ＜ 0.05],and the level of BMP-2 increased with increasing dose of fluoride (all P ＜ 0.05).Within each group,the difference of serum BMP-2 was statistically significant(F =55.42,511.58,686.35,671.64,all P ＜ 0.01).The expression of BMP-2 in each group at 90 d [(12.54 ± 1.29),(18.80 ± 0.43),(22.22 ± 0.85),(25.14 ± 0.69)μg/L] was higher than that at 30 d[(11.75 ± 1.15),(11.42 ± 1.07),(11.38 ± 0.92),(11.15 ±1.03)μg/L,all P ＜ 0.05].The expression of BMP-2 in each group at 180 d[(7.53 ± 0.97),(7.98 ± 0.68),(8.97 ± 0.78),(15.04 ± 0.89) μg/L] was lower than that at 90 d.②Results of BMP-3:the difference between groups was not statistically significant at every experimental stage(F =0.7215,1.2951,0.0964,all P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Longer excessive fluoride intake stimulates the expression of BMP-2 in rats,but with prolonged fluoride intake,the stimulation becomes weak.The effect of fluoride on BMP-3 is not as sensitive as that on BMP-2.