Objective　To investigate the actions of extra cellular medium in growth and differentiation of hair follicle and to look for growth adjusting factors for dermal papilla cells (DPC). Methods　Dermal papilla cells were isolated and cultivated with two steps method and the cells were identified by immunohistochemical staining for actin. Influence was examined on the adhesion and growth of dermal papilla cells by chondroitin sulfate A, chondroitin sulfate C and heparin sulfate. Results　Two steps method of enzyme digestion for isolating and cultivating dermal papilla cells was an efficient method and large amount of dermal papilla of high purity were harvested with this method. The method is very simple and easy to manege with. Increased adhesion and growth of dermal papilla cells were observed in specimen treated with chondroitin A and heparin sulfate. No significant effects was observed in the cells treated with chondroit in sulfate C. Conclusion　Some extra cellular medium can regulate the adhesion and growth of dermal papilla cells and therefore influence the growth and development of hair follicle.

Objective To evaluate the clinical outcome of bleeding control by preoperative embolization of internal iliac artery with DSA and intra?operative presetting abdominal aorta balloon, combine with the operation techniques of exposure, reduc?tion and internal fixation of pelvic fracture through lateral?rectus approach. Methods From March 2012 to May 2015, 7 patients with type C3 pelvic fractures admitted to our department from March 2012 to May 2015, treated with preoperative embolization of internal iliac artery under digital subtraction angiography 2 h before surgery and presetting abdominal aorta balloon were retrospec?tively reviewed. There were 3 males and 4 females, with an average age of 34 years (range, 16 to 61 years). According to AO classi?fication, all 7 cases belonged to type C3 (3.2:5 cases;C3.3:2 cases), including 5 cases with limb fracture, 2 cases with craniocere?bral trauma, 4 cases with pulmonary contusion, 2 cases with injury of abdominsal organs. Time from injury to operation was 19 days on average (10 to 33 days). Patients received damage control surgery treatment including bleeding control and temporary ex?ternal fixation, and ipsilateral tractions with heavy weight, intensive care and corrections of general situation before operation. The fracture model was manufactured by 3D printing and fracture reduction was simulated on computer preoperatively. Embolization of internal iliac artery was performed in the side of severe displaced sacroiliac joint with DSA 2 hours preoperatively. Reduction was performed to stabilize anterior-posterior pelvic ring and acetabular fractures via the intraoperative lateral?rectus approach. And 2 cases were performed by temporary balloon occlusion of abdominal aorta (≤60 min) for bleeding control in reduction of in the side of sacroiliac joint fractures. Results All the 7 cases had undergone the operations successfully, and the operating time was from 135-320 min with blood loss from 440-3 350 ml. According to Matta radiological evaluation postoperatively, reduction of pelvic fracture was rated as anatomic in 5 cases, satisfactory in 2, without complications. All 7 cases were complicated with lumbosacral plexus injury or lumbosacral trunk injury at different degrees (M0 2 cases, M1 2 cases, M2 2 cases, M3 1 case). According to the BMRC scoring system, 5 cases had well recovered and the other 2 cases had no improvement after three months (M4 2 cases, M5 3 cases). Conclusion Surgical management of pelvic fracture through preoperative internal iliac artery embolization and intra?oper?ative occlusion of abdominal aorta could effective control bleeding and achieve favorable conditions for reduction. Lateral?rectus approach can provide adequate exposure of the anterior and posterior ring, and this approach could also provide excellent visual control of reduction and fixation.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the association between resting heart rate (HR) and all-cause death and coronary heart disease (CHD) events in the Chinese cohort.

METHODSData were obtained from the PRC-USA Cooperative Study on Cardiovascular and Cardiopulmonary Epidemiology. Baseline screen surveys were conducted in 1983 and 1984 from people aged 35 to 59 years living in urban or rural areas of Beijing and Guangzhou. Follow-up visits were performed for end point events of all-cause death and first CHD events every two years till 2005. Resting HR was determined from 5 consecutive intervals between R waves on the 12-lead electrocardiogram.

RESULTSA total of 9856 (4805 males) people were included in the study and the mean follow up duration was 16.2 years. There were 1523 deaths, including 200 CHD events during the follow up period. Mean resting HR was 67.9 beat per minute (bpm) in men and 71.6 bpm in women respectively which had a trend to increase with aging. Cox Proportional Hazards model indicated the relative risk of all-cause death increased constantly with the increase of HR percentile after control of age, fasting glucose, serum cholesterol, serum triglyceride, body mass index, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure. With HR 60-89 bpm as control group, the relative risk and 95% confidence interval in group HR < 50 bpm, 50 - 59 bpm, 90 - 99 bpm and > or = 100 bpm were 0.76 (0.49 - 1.17), 0.87 (0.75 - 1.02), 1.33 (1.06 - 1.68), 1.48 (1.03 - 2.14) respectively. However there was no significant correlation between HR and CHD events in studied population.

CONCLUSIONThe risk of total death increased significantly in people with HR > or = 90 bpm suggesting higher resting heart rate might be an independent risk factor for all-cause death in the Chinese population.

Adult ; Cause of Death ; China ; epidemiology ; Coronary Disease ; epidemiology ; mortality ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged

Accidents ; statistics & numerical data ; Adolescent ; Child ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Students ; Wounds and Injuries ; epidemiology

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the reliability and validity of parent proxy-report scales of Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory Version 4.0 (PedsQL 4.0) Generic Core Scales, the Chinese Version.

METHODS3493 school students aged 6-18 years were recruited using multistage cluster sampling method. Health-related quality of life was assessed using the above-mentioned PedsQL 4.0 scales. The internal consistency was assessed, using Cronbach's a coefficient, while its validity was tested through correlation analysis, t-test and exploratory factor analysis.

RESULTSThe internal consistency reliability for Total Scale Score (Cronbach's alpha = 0.90), Physical Health Summary Score (alpha= 0.81), and Psychosocial Health Summary Score (alpha= 0.89) were excellent. Six major factors were extracted by factor analysis which basically matched the designed structure of the original version accounting for nearly 66% of the variance. The total Scale Score significantly decreased by 3.5 to 13.3 (P < 0.05) in children and adolescents who had diseases including cold, skin hypersensitiveness, food allergy, courbature or arthralgia, breathlessness with a frequency of 6 times or more per year or had asthma as compared to those with lower frequency (< or = 5 times/y) of the diseases or without asthma. We found moderate to high correlations between items and the subscales. Correlation coefficients ranged between 0.45 to 0.84 (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONThe reliability and validity of the parent proxy-report scales of PedsQL 4.0 Generic Core Scales of the Chinese Version were as good as the original version. Our findings suggested that the scales could be applied to evaluate the health-related quality of life in childhood children in similar Chinese regions to Guangzhou.

Adolescent ; Child ; Child Welfare ; psychology ; statistics & numerical data ; China ; Humans ; Psychometrics ; methods ; Quality of Life ; Students ; Surveys and Questionnaires

OBJECTIVETo investigate the relative factors of burn injury among primary and secondary school students in Guangzhou and to provide scientific evidence for intervention.

METHODS1:1 case-control study was conducted in 428 cases and 428 controls based on different sex and classes. The relationship between relative factors and burn injury was analyzed by univariate and multivariate conditional logistic regression.

RESULTSFollowing facts were discovered: burn injury mainly occurred in the upper limbs (57.9%), home was the place that most of burn injury (58.2%) took place, 51.0% of the burn injuries was caused by hot liquid, 43.9% burn injury needed medical treatment and 7.7% burn injury left with sequelae as dysfunction or disability. Data from the multivariate conditional logistic regression showed that boarding students (OR = 2.47), older age of the mothers (OR = 1.03), non-nuclear family (OR = 1.25 - 1.84) were risk factors of burn injury. Being the only child (OR = 0.60), having sufficient time for sleep (OR = 0.84), good performance record (OR = 0.85), higher maternal education background were protective factors on burn injury.

CONCLUSIONAmong primary and secondary school students in Guangzhou, burn injury mainly occurred in the upper limbs, and home was the place that most of burn injury took place.

Adolescent ; Burns ; epidemiology ; Case-Control Studies ; Child ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Risk Factors ; Students

Objective: To investigate reduction and fixation of complex acetabular fractures using three-dimensional (3D) printing technique and personalized acetabular wing-plate via lateral-rectus approach. Methods: From March to July 2016, 8 patients with complex acetabular fractures were surgically managed through 3D printing personalized acetabular wing-plate via lateral-rectus approach at Department of Orthopedics, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University. There were 4 male patients and 4 female patients, with an average age of 57 years (ranging from 31 to 76 years). According to Letournel-Judet classification, there were 2 anterior+ posterior hemitransverse fractures and 6 both-column fractures, without posterior wall fracture or contralateral pelvic fracture. The CT data files of acetabular fracture were imported into the computer and 3D printing technique was used to print the fractures models after reduction by digital orthopedic technique. The acetabular wing-plate was designed and printed with titanium. All fractures were treated via the lateral-rectus approach in a horizontal position after general anesthesia. The anterior column and the quadrilateral surface fractures were fixed by 3D printing personalized acetabular wing-plate, and the posterior column fractures were reduction and fixed by antegrade lag screws under direct vision. Results: All the 8 cases underwent the operation successfully. Postoperative X-ray and CT examination showed excellent or good reduction of anterior and posterior column, without any operation complications. Only 1 case with 75 years old was found screw loosening in the pubic bone with osteoporosis after 1 month′s follow-up, who didn′t accept any treatment because the patient didn′t feel discomfort. According to the Matta radiological evaluation, the reduction of the acetabular fracture was rated as excellent in 3 cases, good in 4 cases and fair in 1 case. All patients were followed up for 3 to 6 months and all patients had achieved bone union. According to the modified Merle D′Aubigné and Postel scoring system, 5 cases were excellent, 2 cases were good, 1 case was fair. Conclusions Surgical management of complex acetabular fracture via lateral-rectus approach combine with 3D printing personalized acetabular wing-plate can effectively improve reduction quality and fixation effect. It will be truly accurate, personalized and minimally invasive.

Objective This study assessed the effect of food preference and dietary behaviors on the risk of overweight or obesity in school children and adolescents aged 6-19 years.Methods A11 overweight or obeoe students,with age-and school-matched controls were recruited for this case-control study from 28 elementary and secondary schools in Guangzhou urban districts from October 2006 to April 2007.Weight and height were measured,and body nlass index was calculated for the classification of obesity.overweight and underweight.Their food preference and behaviors were asesbed using a structured questionnaire completed by their parents.Behavior and food preference were classified into four levels.and the relevant bottom levels were defined as control groups.Logistic regression wfs used to assess independent determinants of overweight and obesity.Results Among 7136 participants,1947 cases and 2136 normal weight controls from 5755 students with valid questionnaire data were included in the study.Results from univariate analysis showed that odds ratios for overweight or obesity were 0.60-0.69 in those with moat preference(top group)on vegetables,fruits,candy,evening snacks,0.50 in the students of less food partiality,1.84,1.30 and 1.26 in those of most preference for pork,beef and deep-fried foods.and 5.14 in students with fastest speed during eating,respectively(all P<0.05).Vegetable intake,evening snacks preference,speed during eating and food partiality remained with significant agsociation with overweight and obesity in multivariate analysis after adjusted for age,sex,family socio-economical status and their parents' body build. The adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) of the above items became 0.55 (0.42-0.73), 0.48 (0.35-0.65), 0.50(0.39-0.65),and 4.32(3.23-5.80) as compared to the relevant lowest categories, respecively. Conclusion Behaviors as eating more vegetable and slow-eating might be protective factos against overweight and obesity in school clildren.

Objective To investigate the risk factors and to provide evidence for prevention and reduction of sports injuries in primary and secondary school students in Guangzhou. Methods 1:1 case-control study was conducted on both 349 cases and controls under the same distribution of sex, age and grade. Conditional univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to explore the relationships between risk factors and injuries. Results Severe soles wear (OR=7.20, 95% CI: 2.37-21.84),tiredness (OR= 14.34,95%CI:2.29-89.66) or sickness (OR=1.96,95%CI: 1.29-3.06) when participating in sports at a high frequency and history of previous injuries (OR=2.11,95%CI: 1.41-3.96) were risk factors related to sports injury while guidance by teachers and physical education provided by teachers during training (OR=0.46, 95%CI: 0.26-0.79) , appropriate protection (OR= 0.36, 95%CI: 0.20-0.64) as well as warming-up exercise (OR=0.31,95%CI: 0.14-0.67) at a high frequency were protective factors for sports injury. Conclusion Prevention and control on sports injury need to improve the awareness on sports safety for students and teachers in order to develop positive behavior on sports safety.

OBJECTIVETo explore possible interrelationships among resistance to peer pressure, risky decision-making and health risk behaviors among young adolescents.

METHODSBased on the cluster sampling method, the participants who were recruited from 5 junior middle schools in Guangzhou and 3 junior middle schools in Shenyang city on October, 2010, were administered to complete the questionnaire concerned with their experiences with drinking and smoking during the past 30 days preceding the survey, and the hours using computer daily both in weekdays and in weekend. The level of resistance to peer influence and risky decision-making were assessed by Resistance to peer influence scale (RPIS) and Youth decision-making questionnaire (YDMQ). Logistic regression was used to explore possible interrelationships among resistance to peer influence, risky decision-making and health risk behaviors among young adolescents.

RESULTSA total of 1985 questionnaires were valid, including 1001(50.4%) boys and 984 (49.6%) girls. About 27.1% (537/1985) junior middle school students reported having health risk behaviors, boys' (30.7%, 307/1001) was higher than girls' (23.4%, 230/984) with significant gender difference (P < 0.05). The prevalence of smoking, drinking during the past 30 days before the survey and using computer over 3 hours daily in weekdays and in weekend were 5.1% (102/1985), 14.3% (284/1985), 3.5% (70/1985) and 13.7% (272/1985), respectively. The rate of drinking, using computer over 3 hours daily in weekdays and in weekend were higher in males (16.4% (164/1001), 4.5% (45/1001), 16.2% (162/1001)) than those in females (12.2% (120/984), 2.5% (25/984), 11.2% (110/984)) (P < 0.05). The scores of RPIS and YDMQ of the two cities adolescents were 2.82 ± 0.39 and 1.68 ± 0.62. The students reported smoking, drinking during the past 30 days before the survey and using computer over 3 hours daily in weekend gained lower RPIS scores (2.43 ± 0.40, 2.61 ± 0.41, 2.77 ± 0.40) than their counterparts who didn't report these kind of health risk behaviors (2.84 ± 0.38, 2.85 ± 0.38, 2.82 ± 0.39)(P < 0.05). And those reported smoking, drinking during the past 30 days before the survey and using computer over 3 hours daily in weekdays and in weekend gained higher YDMQ scores (2.38 ± 0.66, 2.06 ± 0.66, 1.97 ± 0.72, 1.84 ± 0.64, respectively) than their counterparts who didn't report these kind of health risk behaviors (1.64 ± 0.38, 1.61 ± 0.58, 1.67 ± 0.61, 1.65 ± 0.61, respectively) (P < 0.05). After adjusting gender, area, parental education degree, self-reported family economic condition, multi-variant logistic regression analysis indicated that the low and middle level of resistance to peer influence (low and middle level vs high level, had odds ratios of 2.97 (1.96 - 4.50) and 1.51 (1.05 - 2.16)), and also the middle and high level of risky decision-making (middle and high level vs low level, had odds ratios of 1.62 (1.19 - 2.22) and 3.43 (2.39 - 4.90)) were all the risk factors of adolescent health risk behaviors.

CONCLUSIONAdolescents with poor ability of resistance to peer pressure and high risky decision-making were both the risk factors of adolescent health risk behaviors.

Adolescent ; Child ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Health Behavior ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Peer Group ; Risk Assessment ; Risk-Taking ; Surveys and Questionnaires