Arsenic trioxide(As2O3)effectively triggers apoptosis in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) cells and induces complete remission and cure in most APL patients ,if they can refrain from early mortality .In the last few years,it has been under investigation as a potential treatment for non -APL leukemia and a variety of sol-id tumors.In the meantime,it has been found that As2O3 also inhibits proliferation of non -APL leukemia cell and several solid tumor cell such as liver ,esophageal ,and gastric cancer cell in vitro or in vivo in the more and more studies .The molecular mechanisms that As 2 O3 induces cellular apoptosis in non APL leukemia cell and solid tumor cells have been discussed ,which also includes building new targeting preparation in order to obtain much more satisfying therapeutic effect and relieve its cellular toxic and side effect and so on.Here, we give a summary which is connected with the research progress above .

By discussion the experience of surgery teaching for foreign students by the methods of CBL+MCAI, the successful teaching experience are the followings: making sufficient preparations before lesson according to the features and difficulties in the foreign students' surgery teaching; Emphasis on CBL teaching methods and rational application of multimedia computer assisted instruction,strengthening the teaching disciphne of foreign students and the cultivation of the spirit of students' active learning.These measures stimulated the enthusiasm of students' active learning and improved the quality of teaching.

The authors analyzed the negative impacts on hospital public welfare performance,caused by such organizational elements imbalances of public hospitals,as objective structure,allocation of rights and responsibilities,and budget resources.In view of these setbacks,they proposed countermeasures for timely solution of such imbalances and maxim optimal combination,for the purpose of more effective reform of such hospitals.

Accordingtothe analysis ofthe characters and difficulties ofskill ofanimal surgery,we divide the teaching process into three stages:theory classes,aseptic technique and basic operating techniques,animal practice.PBL+LBL double-track teaching methods is performed,which can make up the defect of PBL in practice and should be advocated and spread in the teaching of skill of animal surgery.

Objective To investigate Zhang CiGong who was traditional Chinese medicine doctor and educator ’s academic achievement. [Methods]To summarize and analysize Zhang CiGong’s learning experiences,academic thoughts and examples of clinical experiences. [Results]Zhang CiGong had no prejudice on academic schools, integrated various academic schools’s advantages and then turned into his’s own feature. Zhang CiGong researched and clarified the essence of traditional Chinese medicine theory, and made it flourish. He found the real cause of the disease when treatment,used the holistic approach and syndrome differentiation treatment. He gathered his own experience into the ancients experience and emphasis on practice when he gave Chinese Herbal. [Conclusions]Zhang CiGong’s learning was great and we should learn from him.

Objective:To investigate the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in oral squamous cell carcinoma by serum-starvation and hypoxia. Methods:The expression of VEGF mRNA was evaluated in two oral squamous cell carcinomas cells TSCCa and GNM treated with serum-starvation and hypoxia.using semi-quantitative RT-PCR. The activities of VEGF in two cell lines were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results:Contrast to TSCCa cells, GNM cells expressed significantly higher levels of mRNA of VEGF by RT-PCR detection. Serum-starvation and hypoxia could increased expression of VEGF mRNA in both two cell lines in vitro, the levels of mRNA of VEGF increased more in TSCCa cell lines than that in GNM cell lines when treated with serum-starvation and hypoxic. After 4 hours hypoxic treatment, the activities of VEGF increased significantly and approached the peak after 8 hours; the activities of VEGF in GNM cell lines was dramatically twice higher than that of the control group, while the activities of VEGF increased by 6 times in TSCCa cell lines. The activities of VEGF in TSCCa cell lines were higher than that of in GNM cell lines when treated with serum-starvation. Conclusion: Serum-starvation and hypoxia can up-regulate VEGF mRNA expression and activities in oral squamous cell lines in vitro,which may play an important role in the angiogenesis of oral squamous cell carcinoma.

BACKGROUND: Drug treatment has unsatisfactory effect on Alzheimer disease, while many studies have indicated that the transplantation of bone marrow stromal cells (MSCs) is effective on Parkinson disease, cerebral ischemia, etc., but the mechanism is still unclear.OBJECTIVE: To imitate transplantation environment by co-culture of amyloid β1-40 (Aβ1-40) damaged PC12 cells and MSCs, observe the effect of bi-directional information feedback in the microenvironment on the transdifferentiation of MSCs to nerve cells, and observe its protective effect on the apoptosis of damaged PC12 cells.DESTGN: A comparative observation.SETTING: Department of Neurology, China Medical University.MATERIALS: SD rats of 2-3 weeks after birth either male or female were used. PC12 cell lines were purchased from the Institute of Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences; neuro-specific enolase (1:50, Boster, Wuhan);Methyl-thiazol-tetrazolium (MTT) 15 μL (terminal concentration of 0.5 g/L).METHODS: The experiment was carried out in the Experimental Center (provincial experimental animal center) of China Medical University from June to July in 2004. Bilateral femurs were aseptically removed from 1 SD rat, and MSCs were identified using CD44 antibody immunofiuorescently. PC12 was used to replace nerve cells. The PC12 cells were stimulated by Aβ1-40 then transferred by Transwell. There were 5 groups: Group A: normally cultured PC12 co-cultured with MSCs; Group B: Aβ1-40 stimulated PC12 co-cultured with MSCs; Group C: normal PC12 supernatant+MSCs; Group D: damaged PC12 supernatant+MSCs; Group E: MSCs cultured with common medium 1640.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Routine immunohistochemical staining was performed. NSE positive cells were observed under inverted fluorescence microscope, 10 visual fields (200×) were randomly selected to count the positive cells. MTT metabolic rate was used to detect the proliferation of MSCs in each group. The differences of measurement data were compared using the one-way analysis of variance.fluorescent and bright fields, NSE positive cells appeared as red fluorescence, MSCs were bipolar, multipolar and cone shapes, and appeared as neuron-like forms with dendrite-like structure, and there were extensive connections among some neuron-like cells. The NSE positive rates was obviously higher in group B than groups A, C, D and E (P ＜ 0.01 ).in groups A, C, D and E (F=9.713, P＜ 0.01).

Tumor derived microparticles are released by activated or apoptotic tumor cells.They are ex-tracellular vesicles which are 0.1~1.0μm in diameters.Tumor derived microparticles carry abundant bioactive molecules,such as nucleic acids and proteins,which resemble that of the parental cell.In this review,we summa-rize the role of tumor derived microparticles in the occurrence,development,diagnosis and treatment of tumor.

Objective To establish the co-culture system of marrow stromal cells (MSCs)and A?1-40 injured PC12 in vitro and to evaluate the effect and mechanisms of the system inhibiting apoptosis of PC12 induced by A?1-40.Methods MSCs and PC12 were cultured in vitro and identified by CD44 immunofluorescent staining;PC12 were damaged by A?1-40,and transferred by transwell followed by the classification into 5 groups. PI and Annexin-V co-fluorescent staining was performed,then PC12 apoptosis were detected by flow cytometry and EM;Supernatant was analyzed by enzyme-linked immunoadsordent assay (ELISA) to detected TGF-?,NGF,BDNF,and bFGF. Results About 96% MSCs showed CD44 positive cells. Co-culture group had the lowest rate of PC12 apoptosis(46.17%?8.28%,F=61.637,P0.05). Conclusion The co-culture system of MSCs and A?1-40 injured PC12 in vitro could inhibit apoptosis of PC12 induced by A?1-40. Thus grafted MSCs have the possibility to inhibit neuronal apoptosis by A?in the diseased brain.

0.05). Conclusion: The domestic enflurane's solubilities in different solutions and stability in soda lime is same as the imported enflurane's.