The time that industrial microbiology alone took the course is short,so it requires a discussion about reform on teaching content and method.The thesis first discusses the reforms on teaching content from basic theory knowledge combining to scientific research,experiment and producing practice.Then reforms the teaching method,such as adopting the computer-assisted instruction(CAI) pattern,combining the problem-based learning(PBL) and case-based studying(CBS) each other,and leading into partly bilingual education method.By all above investigation and discussion practice in two aspects,the students produces deep interest to industrial microbiology,and reached the purpose of teaching reform.

Melanin is formed by oxidative polymerization of phenolic compounds,basically different kinds of melanin come from different organisms.DOPA melanin and DHN melanin have same physical and chemical characters although they have different biosynthetic pathway.DHN melanin is common in plant fungi and plays an important role on infection.The melanin accumulates in the fungal cell walls and prevents organic and inorganic molecules penetrating out,that insures appressorium's pressure and infection ability.This paper has reviewed the kinds and characters,especially discussed the role of melanin during pathogen infection based on our some research.

BACKGROUND: The extramedulary fixation system including dynamic hip screw (DHS) is commonly used in treatment of Intertrochanteric fracture. However, in patients with unstable intertrochanteric fracture, extramedulary fixation system often leads to the failure of fracture fixation. Intramedulary fixation system including both proximal femoral nail antirotation (PFNA) and InterTan nail has been widely used in the treatment of unstable intertrochanteric fractures. OBJECTIVE:To compare the therapeutic effects of extramedulary fixation system containing DHS, PFNA and InterTan nail in the treatment of intertrochanteric fracture. METHODS:Literatures were searched in Wanfang, PubMed, Embase, Medline, the Cochrane library to screen literatures published from January 1990 to November 2014. Relevant studies addressing extramedulary fixation system containing DHS, PFNA and InterTan nail were screened. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: 346 articles were screened, and 13 of them were in accordance with the inclusion criteria. 1 271 patients with different types of intertrochanteric fracture were assessed in this study. Compared to DHS group, patients treated with PFNA and InterTan nail had shorter operation time and less blood loss. No significant difference in rehabilitation time and Harris score was detected among three kinds of fixation methods. Additionaly, PFNA and InterTan nail had a similar effect. These findings verify that compared with DHS, PFNA and InterTan nail can optimize the surgery, but cannot elevate postoperative outcomes.

Cardiovascular Diseases ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; Cerebrovascular Disorders ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; Humans ; Public Health Practice

Aim To evaluate the effect and mechanism of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) and Cysteine protease aspartic acid-3(Caspase-3) inhibition of human hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)implants in nude mice by nanometer magnetic interferon-?2b liposome targeting therapy.Methods Thirty nude mices bearing human HCC were divided into 5 groups of 6 mice:group 1,saline(NS);group 2,free interferon-?2b group(IFN);group 3,interfe-ron-?2b liposome group(IL);group 4,magnetic liposome group(ML);group 5,nanometer magnetic interferon-?2b liposome group(MIL).Above dosage of 200 ?l/nude mice was respectively injected through the caudal vein in these 6 groups.Meantime,magnetic field with the strength of 5000 GS was added to the tumor surface about 30 min,and this therapy was done three times.After 30 days,the mices were killed and the tumors were taken out.The difference at the mRNA expression level of VEGF and Caspase-3 was observed by RT-PCR between the experimental group and control group.The protein expression level of VEGF and Caspase-3 was detected by western blot between the experimental group and control group.Results Targeting therapy study in nude mice bearing human HCC displayed that the growth speed of tumor in the MIL group significantly slowed down than other groups.The tumor inhibition rate of MIL group was 62.50%,which was remarkably higher than those of the IFN group(27.61%) and IL group(28.17%).RT-PCR showed that the mRNA expression of VEGF of MIL group is the lowest of all groups(P

To construct a secretory-expression vector of antimicrobial peptide Bactenecin 7(Bac7),and identify the secretory-expression product in L.lactis MG1363 and its bioactivity.The splicing primers of regulation elements and Bac7 gene,which designed according to codon usage preferences of L.lactis MG1363,were chemically synthesized,and the overlap-extension PCR method was used to splice the full length of Bac7 gene.Then the Bac7 gene was linked to expression vector pMG36e to construct pMG36e/Bac7 vector,and pMG36e/Bac7 was transformed into L.lactis MG1363 by electrophoration.RT-PCR and Western blot assays were applied to investigate the expression of the Bac7 gene in L.lactis,and bioactivity of Bac7 in culture supernatant of L.lactis was tested with plate-diffusion method.The results showed that the Bac7 gene and its regulation elements was amplified and cloned in the vector pMG36e successfully,The secretory-expressed Bac7 in L.lactis MG1363 harboring pMG36e/Bac7 was identified by Western blot,and it had high bacteriostatic activity against E.coli.These results indicate that the recombinant L.lactis MG1363 could express bioactive Bac7,which lays a foundation for further study of oral administration of a Bac7-secreting L.lactis to treat intestinal bacteria infection.

Select patients diagnosed of hypertension in the first place in 16 hospitals and the patients were described by association rules analysis and distribution for the analysis in the study,in order to understand the information of diagnosis and treatment in hypertension patients in real world. The information include age, gender, admission condition, inpatient department, hospitalization expenses, western medicine comorbidities, the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome and the medicine. The average age of patients was 64 years in the study. The proportion of men to women about 1. 10: 1. Admission condition is critical for about 10.12% of the total and more concentrated in the cardiovascular department. Hospital stay ranged from 8 to 14 d. Inpatients with medical insurance is 62.93%. Total hospitalization cost distribution most is the 5 000-10 000 RMB. Hypertension complicated with coronary heart disease, blood lipoprotein disorder disease; phlegm and blood stasis and Yin deficiency of liver and kidney are the most in TCM syndrome type. Promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis is the major in Chinese medicine treatment. Western medicine treatment basically conforms to the guidelines. The most antihypertensive drugs is calcium antagonistst, accounting for about 81.2% of the total number. Class ACEI, class ARB, beta blockers, diuretics class are accounted for 43.0%, 43.4%, 42.4%, 42.4%, fixed compound is only 2 393, accounting for about 8%. the total frequency of five classes of antihypertensive drugs is 78 206 times. The principal conclusions of this analysis are as follows: the elderly people is the most in hypertension, more men than women; medical insurance is the majority type in hospitalization cost; nearly half of the population is combined with coronary heart disease; phlegm and blood stasis and yin deficiency of liver and kidney are the most in TCM syndrome type; western medicine treatment basically conforms to the guidelines. Combination therapy is more, less fixed compound preparation in western medicine. Chinese medicine is mainly to promoting blood circulation. Suggesting that the clinical treatment in strict blood pressure and at the same time, pay attention to combination therapy and the use of fixed compound preparation,it's useful to control the blood pressure better. Combined with traditional Chinese medicine and resolving phlegm and removing blood stasis, reduce the target organ damage, reduce complications, the prevention and control work of hypertension in China still faces enormous challenges at present. The result provides reference information for clinical medicine and medical research.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Antihypertensive Agents ; therapeutic use ; Blood Pressure ; drug effects ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension ; complications ; drug therapy ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Middle Aged ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the placement of a long tube into the small intestine under fluoroscopic guidance and to evaluate its decompression effect on early postoperative small bowel obstruction (EPSBO).

METHODSFifty-four patients with EPSBO requiring decompression between April 2010 and July 2014 were enrolled in the study. Insertion of a long tube was guided by fluoroscopy. We first used the guide wire to pass the pylorus and then used the 10 Fr feeding tube as an exchangeable tube to put the superstiff wire into the duodenum. Finally the long tube could be passed over the guide wire through the pylorus into the intestine. The total procedure time, the radiation exposure time, and the incidence of complications were evaluated.

RESULTSThe long tubes passed into the jejunum on initial insertion for all patients, so the success rate of this technique was 100%. The long tube was inserted into ileum in 18 patients. The mean total procedure time was 34.4 ± 8.6 minutes, and the mean radiation exposure time 18.9 ± 6.8 minutes. A total of 47 patients (87%) experienced full recovery following long-tube decompression and without the need for surgical intervention.

CONCLUSIONSUsing the wire-exchange technique, it is easy to place a long tube into the small bowel under fluoroscopic guidance. This decompression method is safe and effective for management of EPSBO.

Adult ; Aged ; Decompression, Surgical ; methods ; Female ; Fluoroscopy ; Humans ; Intestinal Obstruction ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Complications ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies

OBJECTIVETo discuss the effect of surgical staging and using craft bone with vancomycin for the treatment of calcaneal fractures.

METHODSFrom January 2006 to December 2012,13 patients with open calcaneal fractures were treated including 9 males and 4 females with an average of 35.2 years old ranging from 23 to 66. All cases were emergency cases. According to Sanders classification of calcaneal fractures, 2 cases were type II, 7 cases were type III, 4 cases were type IV. According to Gustilo-Anderson soft tissue injury classification, 8 cases were type II, 2 cases were type III A, 2 cases were type III B, 1 case were type III C. Firstly a thorough debridement or VSD procedures were applied,secondly calcaneal fracture were treated with open reduction, plate fixation and bone graft complex with antibiotics. Based on clinical examination, radiographic evaluation, and American Foot and Ankle Surgery Society (AOFAS), ankle function were evaluated after operation.

RESULTSOpen wounds were headed after dressing and repairing,, lateral calcaneal wound were healed during the first period. All patients were followed up for 6 to 36 months (means 14.5 months). Fracture healing time was 14 to 20 weeks (means 16.2 weeks). Last follow-up AOFAS ankle-hindfoot score was (80.0 +/- 7.4) ranging from 55 to 95.

CONCLUSIONFor patients with open fractures, through reasonable clinical evaluation, staging operation, using bone graft with antibiotics can reduce the incidence of postoperative wound infection and promote fracture healing.

Adult ; Aged ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; administration & dosage ; Bone Transplantation ; methods ; Calcaneus ; injuries ; surgery ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; Fracture Healing ; Fractures, Open ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged

Adult ; Embolism, Amniotic Fluid ; etiology ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Pregnancy