Signaling pathways such as MAPK and P13K have been confirmed to be important in the mechanism of tumor genesis, development, prevention and treatment. Thyroid hormone (TH) and its receptor (TR) can affect the pathways resulting in inhibition of tumor growth and metastasis, thus they have gradually become the focus of recent research. However, numerous studies showed that TR gene mutation was often observed in a variety of cancers and resulted in the deregulation of TH/TR mediated downstream pathways, and TR gene mutation became an causative agent to activate downstream proto-oncogene. Recent studies showed that TH/TR might play a role in the regulation of β-catenin degradation, the knowledge of which allows us not only to further understand the function of TR gene in the inhibition of tumor development, but also provide a theoretical basis for the continuous activation of downstream proto-oncogene by TR mutation. To study the downstream pathway of TR gene could eventually guide the clinician and provide a new theoretical basis for cancer prevention and molecular target gene therapy.

OBJECTIVETo analyze rationality of internal fixation with original fixation in the second operation for femoral nonunion.

METHODSA retrospective study was conducted to analyze the clinical data of 19 femoral nonunion patients treated by internal fixation with original fixation in the second operation since January 2009 to July 2014, including 14 males and 5 females with an average age of (43.63 ± 3.95) years old ranging from 18 and 75 years old. The original fixations involved plate fixation in 11 cases and interlocking intramedullary nail in 8 cases (including 3 cases of retrograde interlocking intramedullary nails). There were 13 cases of atrophic nonunion and 6 cases of hypertrophic nonunion in pathological classification. After second operation, the fracture healing time, Harris hip score and range of motion of the knee joint was recorded and compared with preoperative.

RESULTSAfter the second operatioin, all patients were followed up for 6 to 30 months with an average of (18.67 ± 7.59) months. All patients got fracture healing, and the fracture radiological healing time was from 7 to 29 months with an average of (15.78 ± 4.97) months. Harris hip scores were improved from preoperative 62.37 ± 19.48 to postoperative 87.42 ± 8.86. The range of motion of the knee joint was improved from preoperative (52.16 ± 20.10)° to postoperative (96.32 ± 22.10)°.

CONCLUSIONIt has a better clinical healing rate for using original fixation to treat femoral nonunions, and theoretically speaking it was rationality.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Femoral Fractures ; surgery ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; methods ; Fracture Healing ; Fractures, Ununited ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies

ObjectiveTo explore the effect of neoadjuvant combined postoperative therapy on patients with hepatocellular carcinoma after radical operation. Methods41 postoperative cases were divided into 2 groups at random with 20 cases receiving hepatic artery chemotherapy embolization and biotherapy, and 21 cases receiving supporting treatment only.Results The intrahepatic tumor recurrence rate at 1 year and 2 years in treatment group was 10% (2/20) and 30% (6/20), compared with 43% (9/21) and 62% (13/21) in control group (all P

objective To investigate the effects of health management on the progress of early diabetic nephropathy (DN).Methods A total of 98 patients with early stage DN were randomly assigned to the study group (n =49 ) and the control group (n =49 ).Questionnaire survey was performed,and urinary albumin to creatinine rate (ACR),body weight,fasting glucose,postprandial 2 h glucose,blood pressure,and lipid profiles were measured.The patients of the study group received health and disease management for 3 years; however,those of the control group received no additional intervention other than essential treatment. At 3 years, all the participants completed the questionnaires and above-mentioned measurements.Results In comparison with the control group,ACR of the study group was significantly decreased at 3 years ( P ＜ 0.05 ).In the control group,urinary protein was found in 15 patients and 3participants developed end-stage renal disease.However,neither urinary protein nor end-stage renal disease was found in the study group.Risk factors of DN,including high blood glucose,high blood pressure,and high cholesterol,were significantly decreased in the study group (all P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusion Early effective health management of DN may contribute to decreased risk factors of renal disease and delayed disease progression.

OBJECTIVE To examine directly the fungal pathogens from nasal sinus under microscope and identify them.METHODS The nasal sinus secretion from 36 cases with fungal infection was directly examined microscopically,cultured,and identified for fungi.RESULTS Direct microscopic examination was positive in 34 cases and from them 24 were with positive cultures: 19 had infection of Aspergillus,3 of Scedosporium spiosperimum,1 of Pseudallescheria boydii,and 1 of Alternaria.CONCLUSIONS Aspergillus are the main pathogens in nasal sinus fungal infection.

Objective To investigate the relationship between regular exercise habit and peak oxygen uptake (VO2 peak ) early after acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEM I).Methods A total of 239 patients who underwent cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) early after STEMI in a single exercise laboratory were enrolled.Influencing factors to VO2peak were analyzed retrospectively.Results There were 53.6％ patients reported to have regular exercise habits before STEMI.No significant difference between patients with and without exercise habit in VO2peak early after STEMI (P =0.317) were found by t test.Mter adjusted by risk factors including demographic features,clinical characteristics and cardiovascular,etc,regular exercise habit was an independent factor for VO2peak (β =1.703,P =0.015 ).Following age-stratification,the significant difference was found between patients with and without exercise habits in VO2peak only in patients aged between 40-49 years old ( P =0.004 ).Conclusions The relationship between regular exercise habit and VO2peak early after STEMI suggests that exercise tolerance of patients with exercise habit will be better than sedentary patients even after STEMI,in particular to patients aged between 40-49 years old.

Objective To study the reversal effect of adriamycin (ADM) resistance in human breast cancer cell line MCF-7/ADM by realgar (REA) combined with ?-elemene (?-ELE), two types of anticancer drugs. Methods The sensitivity to ADM of MCF-7/ADM cells was studied by MTT assay.The intracellular accumulation of ADM in MCF-7/ADM cells was observed by fluorescent-spectrophotometry. Expressions of P-GP protein and Bcl-2 protein were detected by flow cytometry. Results The combined treatment of REA and ?-ELE could significantly enhance the cytotoxic effect of ADM on MCF-7/ADM cells to 4.2 fold as compared with the treatment of REA or ?-ELE respectively (P

Objective To establish a chromogenic assay for blood-plasma collagenase Ⅳ in order to evaluation the reference range of collagenase Ⅳ in the plasma of healthy individuals.Methods The assay was based on measurement of terminal amino group with succinylated gelatin as substrates and TNBS as chromogenic reagent.The optical density of each reaction was determined at 405 nm using a Sunrise microplate reader.Chromatographic and detection conditions were optimized and performance of the methed was evaluated by recovery experiments and precision experiments.It was compared with ELISA.The levels of collagenase Ⅳ in 112 health persons'plasma were determined and the data were analyzed by SPSS statistical software.Results The whole determing time was within 1.5 h,the linear range of this method was 1.5-10.0 mg/L,and the minimum detection limit was 0.965 mg/L.They were well correlated with ELISA results (R~2=0.999 7,P＜0.01).The within-run CV was less than 3.16%and between-run CV was less than 9.81%.The 95%confidence interval of collagenase Ⅳ in healthy plasma was 33.38-49.80 mg/L.Conclusion This chromogenic assay for blood-plasma collagenase Ⅳ can be used for measurement of collagenase Ⅳ in blood-plasma and the reference range of collagenase Ⅳ in healthy plasma was established.

Objective To establish a method for detecting urinary vanillylmandelic acid (VMA), homovanillic acid (HVA) and creatinine (Cr) simultaneously by high performance capillary electrophoresis (HPCE). Methods The separations were carried out using a 120 mmol/L phosphate buffer (pH 6.80) in a fused-silica capillary tube of 47 cm×75 μm I.D. by capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE). Injections were made by using the pressure mode for 4 s at 1 p. s. i. after samples were centrifuged and diluted. The detections were monitored by a diode-array detector (DAD) at 200 nm after samples were separated at a voltage of 20 kV. The method developed was validated systematically and applied to urine samples from healthy adults (n = 100) and children (n = 100) for establishing the reference ranges of VMA/Cr and HVA/Cr, respectively. Results Under these conditions, the separations of VMA, HVA and Cr could be completed within 13 min. The linearity ranges of VMA, HVA and Cr were 0-500, 0-500 and 0-4 000 μmol/L, respectively, with the correlation coefficients (r) between 0.997 2 and 0. 999 1 (P < 0.01). The detection limits (S/N= 3) were 1.0 μmol/L for VMA, 1.0 μmol/L for HVA and 50.0 μmol/L for Cr. The mean within-run (n = 10) CVs of migration time for VMA, HVA and Cr in urine were 0.58%, 0.56% and 0.25% respectively, while the mean between-run (n = 10) CVs of migration time were 0.95%, 1.00% and 0.48% respectively. The mean within-run (n = 10) CVs of peak area for VMA, HVA and Cr were 3.78%, 3.97% and 2.76% respectively, while the mean between-rim (n = 10) CVs of peak area were 4.60%, 4.08% and 4.42% respectively. The average recoveries were 98.36% for VMA, 93.56% for HVA and 98.85% for Cr. Other compounds in human urine such as catecholamines, 5-hydroxytryptamine and albumen didn't interfere with the assay. The correlation between CE method and HPLC method was good. And the correlation coefficients (r) of VMA and HVA were 0.954 9(P <0.01) and 0.945 1 (P < 0.01), respectively. Skewness distributions were presented for VMA/Cr and HVA/Cr in random urine from both adults and children, and the 95% reference ranges were established by the percentile method. For adults, the reference ranges of VMA/Cr and HVA/Cr were 0-4. 26 and 0-1.69 (μmol/mmol), respectively. For children, the reference ranges of VMA/Cr and HVA/Cr were 0-10.39 and 0-4.31 (μmol/mmol), respectively. Conclusions The CE method devised here for direct measurement of urinary VMA, HVA and Cr is simple, fast,precise and automatic with good repeatability. It is an ideal method for routine detection and mass screening of pheochromocytoma and neuroblastoms.