Objective To investigate the protective effect of verapamil on hyperuricemia nephropathy(HN)in mice through modulating TXNIP/NLRP3 inflammasome signaling pathway.Methods Thirty-two male C57BL/6J mice(8 weeks old,weighing 18～22 g)were randomly divided into a blank control group,a model group,an allopurinol group(10 mg/kg),and a verapamil group(40 mg/kg),with 8 animals in each group.Except for the control mice,the other mice were given 10%fructose water and adenine to establish a mouse model of HN.After successful establishment of model mice,the corresponding interventions were administered to the mice of the other 3 groups for 4 consecutive weeks.The levels of serum uric acid(UA),creatinine(Cr),urea(UREA),aspartate aminotransferase(AST)and alanine aminotransferase(ALT)were measured.HE staining was used to assess the alterations in renal morphology and the infiltration of inflammatory cells,while Masson's staining was employed to evaluate renal fibrosis.Moreover,ELISA was employed to measure the contents of IL-1β and IL-6 in kidney tissue,while serum levels of malondialdehyde(MDA),superoxide dismutase(SOD),and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)were detected by colorimetric assay.Furthermore,immunohistochemical staining and Western blot analysis were conducted to examine the expression of TXNIP,NLRP3,IL-1β,MMP7,FN1,CD68,and MPO proteins in the kidney.Results Compared to the control group,HN mice exhibited increased serum UA,Cr,and UREA levels(P<0.05),renal pathological changes including renal tubular regeneration,interstitial or periglomerular fibrosis and prominent infiltration of inflammatory cells,and significantly increased renal contents of IL-1β and IL-6 and serum MDA level(P<0.05),while reduced serum SOD and GSH-Px contents(P<0.05),as well as up-regulation of kidney proteins TXNIP,NLRP3,IL-1β,CD68,MPO,FN1 and MMP7(P<0.01).Verapamil treatment notably reduced serum UA and Cr levels(P<0.01),improved kidney lesions to some extents,decreased collagen volume fraction(CVF)(P<0.01),and restored pro-inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress markers(P<0.05)when compared with the levels in the model group.Further research found that the expression of kidney proteins TXNIP,NLRP3,IL-1β,CD68,MPO,FN1,and MMP7 was significantly down-regulated by verapamil treatment(P<0.05).Conclusion Verapamil exhibits a renal protective effect on HN mice through its anti-inflammatory,antioxidant,and antifibrotic properties,and its mechanism may be related to the inhibition of the TXNIP/NLRP3 inflammasome signaling pathway.

Objective:To investigate the distribution of CGG repeat numbers in the FMR1 gene among reproductive-age women in China, providing data reference for carrier screening and genetic counseling of Fragile X syndrome. Methods:This cross-sectional study recruited 16 610 reproductive-age women from 12 medical institutions between July 2022 and October 2023. Peripheral venous blood samples (3 mL) were collected, and genomic DNA was extracted. The number of CGG repeats in the FMR1 gene was determined using the triplet-primed polymerase chain reaction (TP-PCR) combined with capillary electrophoresis technology. Statistical analyses were performed to assess the prevalence and distribution of CGG repeat expansions. Results:Among 16 610 women of childbearing age, 5 684 (34.220%) women had the same number of CGG repeats in the two alleles of FMR1 gene, and 10 926 (65.780%) women had different numbers of repeats in the two alleles. Among the 33 220 FMR1 alleles in 16 610 women of reproductive age, the most common CGG repeat numbers were 29 [48.645% (16 160/33 220)] and 30 [26.276% (8 729/33 220)], while the most frequent CGG genotype was CGG 29/29 [24.726% (4 107/16 610)]. The CGG repeat numbers of FMR1 gene were normal in 16 498 women (99.326%). Among the 112 women (0.674%) with CGG repeat abnormities, 96 (0.578%) women were classified as intermediate carriers, 15 (0.090%) as premutation carriers, and 1 (0.006%) as a full mutation carrier, whose CGG genotype was (36, >200). Conclusion:In the general reproductive-age female population in China, the normal CGG repeat numbers of the FMR1 gene account for 99.326%, while the intermediate carrier rate is 0.578%, and the combined carrier rate of the premutation and full mutation types is 0.096%.

Objective::To evaluate the diagnostic efficacy and clinical application of the Obstetrical Chinese Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) Scoring System (OCDSS).Methods::This study is a retrospective study that collected 1063 cases from Wuhan Union Hospital, Yichang Central People’s Hospital, and the Central Hospital of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture between July 2017 and June 2024. These cases were divided into DIC and non-DIC groups based on score standard. Diagnosis of DIC, the rate of hysterectomy, neonatal mortality, and severe asphyxia are the main outcome measures. All the laboratory indicators are all determined by clinical laboratory department of the hospital. Data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation or median (interquartile range) and frequencies. Independent sample t-test or non-parametric test were used to compare measurement data, while the chi-square test was used for count data. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and area under curve (AUC) were used to test the predictive accuracy. Using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis to study the high-risk factors. P < 0.050 indicates a statistical significance. Results::Of 1063 participants in this study, 29 participants (2.73%) were diagnosed with obstetrical DIC by OCDSS score standard, and all the participants were diagnosed as DIC with underlying disease. When the Takao, Clark, and Erez score standard is the "gold standard", the OCDSS score standard always shows good sensitivity and specificity, with all the AUC over 0.75. OCDSS score standard also has better predictive of hysterectomy (68.18%, 91.07%, 0.872), severe neonatal asphyxia and death (79.17%, 75.07%, 0.842) than the other three score standards. All the indicators included in the OCDSS score standard contributed to the DIC diagnosis (all the P < 0.001). The indicators in the DIC group were more abnormal than the non-DIC group (all the P < 0.001). Conclusion::OCDSS is a first score standard, especially for pregnancies, it considers the underlying disease, clinical symptoms, and laboratory results. This score system shared a good diagnosis performance for DIC in the Chinese population and may help clinicians make timely decisions.

Objective To propose a brain electrical phase prediction method based on long short-term memory network(LSTM)to improve the accuracy and robustness of phase synchronization prediction in transcranial magnetic stimulation(TMS).Methods First,an LSTM consisting of an input layer,an LSTM layer,an ReLU activation layer,a fully connected layer and a regression layer was constructed to capture the EEG signal features through the synergistic action of input gates,forgetting gates and output gates.Second,eye-open resting-state EEG data from 30 healthy subjects were trained using the LSTM to obtain a predictive model for EEG signal and EEG phase prediction.Finally,the LSTM method and the traditional autoregressive(AR)method were compared in terms of the phase prediction errors at the overall and individual levels and the prediction performance for peaks and troughs.A regression model was used to explore the relationships between instantaneous EEG amplitude,signal-to-noise ratio and phase prediction error with the LSTM method.Results The LSTM method achieved a total phase prediction error of 0.04°±5.69°,which was lower than that of the traditional AR method(-3.36°±51.13°).For each subject,the LSTM method demonstrated superior phase prediction accuracy compared to the traditional AR method(P＜0.001).The accuracy for predicting peaks(troughs)by the LSTM method(about 89％)was higher than that by the traditional AR method(about 10％).Unlike the traditional AR method,the LSTM method didnot result in linear relationships between instantaneous EEG amplitude,signal-to-noise ratio and phase prediction error,with Pvalues being 0.58 and 0.18,respectively.Conclusion The LSTM-based brain electrical phase prediction method shows high accuracy and robustness when used for EEG phase-synchronized TMS.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2025,46(3):1-8]

Objective:To analyze differences in the expression of routine laboratory parameters and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) examination indicators between patients with non-neurosyphilis (syphilis without nervous system involvement) and those with neurosyphilis, to screen for key predictive factors, and to construct a predictive model for neurosyphilis.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data from patients with syphilis at the Fifth People's Hospital of Suzhou from 2019 to 2024. Patients with neurosyphilis and non-neurosyphilis who were hospitalized from November 2019 to June 2022 were included in the model cohort, and those hospitalized from January 2024 to October 2024 were included in the validation cohort. The patients' basic information and laboratory test indicators (including routine blood tests, CSF biochemical analysis, and syphilitic antibody tests) were collected. Statistical analysis was performed using the GraphPad software. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and the binary logistic regression method were used to analyze the predictive performance of key indicators in patients from the model cohort with SPSS software, and a predictive model for neurosyphilis was constructed. The performance of the neurosyphilis predictive model for neurosyphilis was validated based on relevant indicators from the validation cohort.Results:The model cohort included 99 patients with non-neurosyphilis (including 49 males and 50 females), and they were aged between 19 and 85 years, with an average age of 47 years; 69 patients with neurosyphilis were also included in the model cohort, including 58 males and 11 females, and they were aged between 26 and 73 years, with an average age of 51 years. The neurosyphilis group showed a significant increase in the median levels of CSF adenosine deaminase (1 U/L) and microprotein (711 mg/L), white blood cell counts (0.009 × 10?/L), as well as in the proportion of positive Pandy tests (35/69, 50.7%) compared with the non-neurosyphilis group (0 U/L, 309 mg/L, 0.002 × 10?/L, 2 /99 [2.0%], respectively, all P < 0.001). Based on the ROC curve analysis, the CSF microprotein and white blood cell count had relatively high discriminative ability (area under the ROC curve [AUC] > 0.85), while adenosine deaminase and the Pandy test showed moderate discriminative ability (0.7 < AUC < 0.85). According to the above four indicators, the logistic regression analysis showed that CSF microprotein combined with CSF white blood cell counts could construct the best predictive model for neurosyphilis, with a prediction accuracy rate of 0.980, a sensitivity of 98.5%, and a specificity of 89.9%. The prediction formula was logit (p) = -9.926 + 0.015 × microprotein + 362.33 × CSF white blood cell count, with a cutoff value of ≥ -0.867. The validation cohort enrolled 72 patients with non-neurosyphilis and 51 with neurosyphilis, and there were significant differences in CSF microprotein levels and white blood cell counts between the two groups (both P < 0.001). In the validation cohort, the predictive model demonstrated an accuracy of 86.2%, with a sensitivity of 83.6% and a specificity of 91.1% for predicting neurosyphilis. Conclusion:The predictive model for neurosyphilis constructed by combining CSF microprotein and CSF white blood cell count may contribute to the early differential diagnosis of neurosyphilis.

Objective To investigate the clinicopathological parameters and risk factors of the patients with connective tissue disease-associated interstitial lung disease(CTD-ILD)complicated with Epstein-Barr virus(EBV)viraemia.Methods The CTD-ILD pa-tients admitted to Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine,Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital from January 2023 to April 2024 were collected.Based on the detection results of EBV DNA,the patients were divided into the EBV DNA(+)group and EBV DNA(-)group.The clinicopathological parameters of the two groups were analyzed.Results Out of 162 CTD-ILD patients who underwent EBV DNA testing,a total of 28 were found to have EBV viraemia.The levels of serum albumin([32.7±4.1]g/L vs[34.8±3.8]g/L,t=2.559,P＜0.05),oxygenation index([268.5±94.0]mmHg vs[323.2±120.9]mmHg,t=2.062,P＜0.05),and percentages of predicted diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide([30.9±15.3]% vs[44.9±18.8]%,t=2.127,P＜0.05])in the EBV DNA(+)group were significantly lower than those in the EBV DNA(-)group,while the levels of lactate dehydrogenase(LDH,[369.1±206.2]U/L vs[298.8±128.7]U/L,t=2.335,P＜0.05)were significantly higher than that in the EBV DNA(-)group.The acute exacerbation of ILD in the EBV DNA(+)group was more common than that in the EBV DNA(-)group(P＜0.05).Multivariate Lo-gistic analysis showed that honeycombing and low oxygenation index were independent risk factors of CTD-ILD patients complicated with EBV viraemia.Conclusion The CTD-ILD patients complicated with EBV viraemia have poorer oxygenation and are more prone to suf-fer from acute exacerbation of ILD.Honeycombing in chest HRCT and low oxygenation index are independent risk factors of CTD-ILD patients complicated with EBV viraemia.

An analysis of 24 144 norovirus sequences from Asia and Russia deposited in GenBank between 1995 and 2023 was conducted,to understand the temporal and spatial variations in norovirus genotypes in these regions.Norovirus sequences from Asia and Russia were downloaded in FASTA format from GenBank for the years 1995-2023,and analyzed in Excel,R language,and GraphPad Prism for data visualization.The number of norovirus sequences submitted to GenBank increased annually from 2004 and peaked in 2015.Notably,China and Japan contributed 62.3％of all submitted norovirus sequences.These sequences encompassed 31 capsid genotypes(C-type),with GⅠ accounting for 9％and GⅡ accounting for 90％.Additionally,49 polymerase types(P-type)were identified,along with 68 combinations of CP types;among the analyzed recombinant sequences(4 460 entries in total),approxi-mately 41％belonged to three predominant recombinant strains:GⅡ.2[P16],GⅡ.4[P31],and GⅡ.4[P16].This analysis provides valuable insights into the distribution characteristics of norovirus genotypes across Asia and Russia over time,thereby supporting vac-cine design and evaluation efforts.

BACKGROUND:As a temporary matrix for new bone growth,the porous scaffold plays a key role in the process of bone repair.The structural design of porous scaffolds is a research priority in the process of bone repair.OBJECTIVE:To summarize traditional bone scaffolds(regular,uniform scaffolds)and bionic scaffolds(irregular,inhomogeneous scaffolds)in the field of bone tissue engineering research.METHODS:A computerized search was performed in the databases of CNKI,VIP,WanFang,Web of Science,Science Direct,PubMed,and EI.Literature published from January 2008 to March 2024 was selected.The search terms in Chinese included"bone tissue engineering,bionic scaffolds,bone trabeculae,traditional scaffolds,bone repair,triple-period minimal surfaces."The search terms in English were"bone tissue engineering,bionic scaffolds,bone trabeculae,traditional scaffolds,bone repair,TPMS."Finally,81 articles were included for review.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The structural design of bone scaffolds is the key to achieve bone repair and bone regeneration,and scaffold technology in bone tissue engineering has made remarkable progress.Traditional regular porous scaffolds are widely used due to their simple manufacturing process and good mechanical properties.However,these scaffolds often lack biological activity and are difficult to mimic the complex microenvironment of natural bone tissue,limiting their ability to promote cell proliferation and bone regeneration.On the contrary,bionic scaffolds provide a more suitable physiological microenvironment by mimicking the structural features of natural bone tissues,which promotes the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts,as well as the formation of new bone,and provides a new way of thinking for the effective treatment of bone defects.Despite the great potential of bionic scaffolds in theory,they still face many challenges in practical applications.Factors such as the scaffold's biocompatibility,bioactivity,and its long-term stability still need to be further verified through clinical trials.

BACKGROUND:Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells are one of the sources of adipocytes and express all renin-angiotensin system components,but the effect of angiotensin Ⅱ on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell differentiation into brown adipose tissue is not clear.OBJECTIVE:To observe the effect of angiotensin Ⅱ on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell differentiation into brown adipose tissue and investigate the role of angiotensin 1a receptor knockout in effect of angiotensin Ⅱ on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell differentiation into brown adipocytes and its potential mechanisms.METHODS:After isolation and culture of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in wild-type and angiotensin 1a receptor knockout SD rats,the cells were cultured to the third generation and randomly divided into four groups:wild type group,knockout group,wild type+angiotensin Ⅱ group,and knockout+angiotensin Ⅱ group.The differentiation was induced in the brown fat induced differentiation medium for 14 days.Angiotensin Ⅱ(100 nmol/L)was added for intervention when the differentiation medium was changed each time in the latter two groups.Western blot assay,qRT-PCR,immunofluorescence,and other methods were used to detect the expression of induced differentiation,lipolysis,β oxidation,and mitochondrial biogenesis in brown fat.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Angiotensin Ⅱ could inhibit the browning of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.Knockout of angiotensin 1a receptor could improve the inhibitory effect of angiotensin Ⅱ on brown lipid formation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells by promoting lipolysis,enhancing fatty acid β oxidation,promoting mitochondrial biogenesis,and enhancing mitochondrial function.These findings provide new research directions and potential therapeutic targets for obesity treatment,revealing the important role of renin angiotensin systems in fat metabolism and its potential as a therapeutic target.

Objective To propose a brain electrical phase prediction method based on long short-term memory network(LSTM)to improve the accuracy and robustness of phase synchronization prediction in transcranial magnetic stimulation(TMS).Methods First,an LSTM consisting of an input layer,an LSTM layer,an ReLU activation layer,a fully connected layer and a regression layer was constructed to capture the EEG signal features through the synergistic action of input gates,forgetting gates and output gates.Second,eye-open resting-state EEG data from 30 healthy subjects were trained using the LSTM to obtain a predictive model for EEG signal and EEG phase prediction.Finally,the LSTM method and the traditional autoregressive(AR)method were compared in terms of the phase prediction errors at the overall and individual levels and the prediction performance for peaks and troughs.A regression model was used to explore the relationships between instantaneous EEG amplitude,signal-to-noise ratio and phase prediction error with the LSTM method.Results The LSTM method achieved a total phase prediction error of 0.04°±5.69°,which was lower than that of the traditional AR method(-3.36°±51.13°).For each subject,the LSTM method demonstrated superior phase prediction accuracy compared to the traditional AR method(P＜0.001).The accuracy for predicting peaks(troughs)by the LSTM method(about 89％)was higher than that by the traditional AR method(about 10％).Unlike the traditional AR method,the LSTM method didnot result in linear relationships between instantaneous EEG amplitude,signal-to-noise ratio and phase prediction error,with Pvalues being 0.58 and 0.18,respectively.Conclusion The LSTM-based brain electrical phase prediction method shows high accuracy and robustness when used for EEG phase-synchronized TMS.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2025,46(3):1-8]