Studying of atherosclerosis is more than a hundred year.There are many theories about this disease,but now most of us seems to agree with the stress-reponse theory.Heat shock proteins are the products produced at the first stage of atherosclerosis.And someone think that it may have something to do with atherosclerosis.This paper discussed the heat shock proteins and atherosclerosis respectively,and emphasized the relationship between them.

Professor Jin Shi-yuan has been worked in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) over 70 years. He made prominent contributions in identification, processing, dispensing of TCM and reasonable use proprietary Chinese medicine. In over 70 years, he has mastered herbal medicine and traditional Chinese Medicine. It is also professor JIN's academic characteristic. Professor JIN's practical experiences were summarized according to the current situation about clinical medication, change of species of Juhong and Chenpi has been different from species of medical history. The quality is lower than before. Medicinal parts of Danggui, Gancao, Huangqin and Wuyao has been changed. So the actions of these herbal medicines have been changed also. Fresh herbal Qianchangpu has disappeared but it should be used clinically. Medical history, change of species, change of medicinal part, and change of preparing process in professor JIN's academic idea were be summarized periodically. The result is hoped to be referred by administration, manufacture, medical treatment of TCM.
Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; education ; history ; standards ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; standards ; Herbals as Topic ; history ; standards ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; history

Objective To investigate HIV infection via sex in Xinjiang,in order to provide guidance for the formulation of strategy to control and prevent sexual transmission of HIV.Methods Vistiors to 15 STD clinics in 5 cities of Xinjiang were asked to take blood and to be tested for HIV and RPR.At the same time,medical workers carried out the designed investigation.Result A total of 2 499 STD outpatients were investigated,among whom 28 samples were confirmed to be HIV positive and 145 samples were RPR positive;the infection rate was 1.12% and 5.80%,respectively,with male being 0.97% and female being 1.37% in the positive samples.The Han nationality had 8 HIV positive samples,and the Uygur nationality had 20 positive samples,with the positive rate being 0.44% and 3.49%,respectively.The Han nationality had 66 and the uygur had 79 in RPR positive samples,the positive rate being 3.66% and 13.79%,respectively.In 212 cases of syphilis 4 samples were HIV positive,the infection rate being 1.89%;in 420 cases of GU 10 samples were HIV positive,the infection rate being 2.38%.Our behavioral surveys found that those who 100% used condoms in their sex activities were free of HIV infection,while those who never used condoms had a high ratee of infection,up to 2.77%.Conclusion Sex transmission is becoming an important route of spreading HIV infection in Xinjiang,and therefore it is essential to strengthen serological and behavioral surveillance for high risk population and implement effective interventions for them.

Stressors can be classified as controllable and uncontrollable events.Self-choice behavior plays an important role in the "problem-solution" process of coping when individual faces controllable stressors.As to the uncontrollable stressors there are 2 different coping modes: transformation and compensation coping.This paper reviews the research achievements in the relationship between stress and self-choice behavior.

Objective To investigate the change of the fibrin monomer (FM) level in the venous thromboembolic disease (VTE).To compare the diagnostic value of FM combined Wells score with the other detection methods.Methods In this case control study,121 cases were selected from the patients who were from general and orthopeadic surgery (including thrombosis group in 60 cases and non thrombosis group in 61 cases).The patients were assessed by Wells score.From one day before surgery, Plasma d-dimer (D-D) and fibrin monomer (FM) were periodic measured by CP-2000 d-dimer and fibrin monomer.Evaluation the value of d-dimer,fibrin monomer and fibrin monomer combined with Wells score in diagnosis of venous thromboembolic disease.The receiver operation cure(ROC) was drew to determine the diagnostic performance.Results The plasma FM level of patients with VTE in the thrombus group (26.11±38.34) μg/ml is higher than the non thrombus group (6.56±6.81) μg/ml and the control group (2.37±0.89) μg/ml (t=-3.82, t=-4.78,P<0.01);the sensitivity of FM was lower than the D-D (85% vs 93%);then the positive predictive value was lower than D-D (82% vs 87%) (χ2=27.01,P=0.000)but its specificity and negative predictive value (65%) are both higher than D-D (65% vs 44%)(71% vs 62%)(χ2=11.67,P=0.001);the sensitivity,the specificity,the positive predictive value and the negative predictive value of FM combined Wells score are increased (90%,85%,83%,89%)(χ2=20.95,χ2=16.65,P<0.01).The increased level of FM is earlier than imaging changes, and the elevated of plasma D-D is not obvious in a certain period of time.Conclusions The sensitivity and specificity of FM combined with Wells′ score is higher in the diagnosis of VTE, its prediction value in the diagnosis of VTE is higher.The FM level can be changed in the early stage of VTE, which has a certain value of early diagnosis.

Objective To investigate the analgesia effects and adverse effect of the monitored anesthesia care of remifentanil assisted by cervix nerves block and the propofol intravenous general anesthesia on abortion.Methods Eighty patients with ASA Ⅰ-Ⅱ were selected and divided into the group of propofol intravenous general anesthesia (E group,n =40) and the group of the monitored anesthesia care of remifentanil assisted by cervix nerves block (R group,n =40).Heart rate (HR),respiratory rate (RR),mean arterial pressure(MAP),oxygen saturation(SpO2) were recorded before,during and after the operation.Operative time,respiratory depression time,recovery time,VAS score,hospital time and patient satisfaction of the patients in the two groups were recorded.Results The MAP,HR,RR,SpO2 of the patients in the two groups after analgesia were significantly decreased compared with that of before analgesia (P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜ 0.01).The levels of RR,SpO2 in R group after analgesia were obviously lower than that in group E (P ＜ 0.05).The cases number who occurred incidence of injection pain,physical movement in E group were higher than that in R group(injection pain:11 cases vs.0 case,P =0.0004 ; Physical movement:4 cases vs.0 case,P =0.0402).The wake up time and the period of staying in hospital in E group were longer than that of R group(wake up time:(5.01 ±0.75)min vs.(0.00 ± 0.00) min,t =-42.248,P =0.000 ; Time from hospital:(27.78 ± 4.65) min vs.(18.68±3.80) min,t =-9.584,P =0.000).The analgesic effects of VAS in E group was (0.00 ±0.0),better than that of group R ((0.45 ± 0.09),t =3.162,P =0.002).The satisfaction rate in two groups were 100％.Conclusion The method of monitored anesthesia care of remifentanil assisted by cervix nerves block is proved to be better than that of propofol intravenous general anesthesia at induced abortion regarding of precise monitored anesthesia pain management techniques,stable hemodynamics,rapid postoperative recovery,adverse reactions and shorten the time from the hospital,which was better than propofol anesthesia,and is a safe and effective method of anesthesia.

Objective:To explore the prevalence rate of suicidal ideation and its risk and protective factors in military personnel.Methods:A total of 2071 military personnel were investigated by stratified random cluster sampling in May to August of 2015.The Question 7 of Beck Depression Scale (BDI) was used to test suicide ideation (item 7 score ≥ 1 was dovetailed in suicide ideation group).Family,social demographic and occupational factors were assessed with the self-made general characteristics questionnaire.The data were analyzed with multiple stepwise logistic regression.Results:There were 382 (18.4％) military personnel whose scores of item 7 were ≥1.Family history of suicide (OR =42.97,95％ CI =29.14-63.35),surrounding suicide (OR =2.46,95％ CI =1.75-3.46),drinking (OR =1.64,95％ CI =1.31-2.07) and level of education (OR =1.38,95％ CI =1.01-1.90) were risk factors of suicidal ideation.Protective factors were (OR =0.60,95％ CI =0.50-0.72) and station (OR =0.15,95％ CI =0.03-0.64).Conclusion:It suggests that in suicidal prevention for military,more attention is deserved paying to those military personnel who have family history of suicide,surrounding suicide,drinking habit,and are stationed in remote areas and air force.

Aim To study the effects of sodium ferulate on A?induced cognitive deficits and expressions of IL-1? and phospho-p38MAPK proteins.Methods Alzheimers disease model of rats was produced by intracerebroventricular injection of A?_(25-35)(10 ?g,once).Morris water maze was used to measure spatial memory performance.Nissl staining and immunohistochemical technique for glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP) were employed to determine the morphology of pyramidal neurons and astrocyte infiltration in hippocmpal CA1 regions.The levels of phospho-p38MAPK and IL-1? were determined by Western blot and ELISA method.Reverse transcription-PCR analysis showed changes in FasL mRNA.Results Intracerebroventricular injection of A?_(25-35)in rats resulted in spatial memory impairments shown by longer escape latency and decreased percentage of time spent in the target quadrant.These behavioral dysfunctions were accompanied by astrocyte activation and infiltration,increased IL-1? production and elevated FasL mRNA level,the loss of pyramidal neurons in hippocampal CA1,and the increase of phosphorylated p38MAPK.Oral administration of sodium ferulate(50,100,250 mg?kg~(-1)daily) and ibuprofen 15 mg?kg~(-1)daily markedly improved the memory impairment,attenuated pyramidal neuronal damage,and reversed the A?-induced increases in IL-1? and p38MAPK activation.Conclusion sodium ferulate prevents A?-induced neurotoxicity through suppressions of inflammatory response and the activation of p38MAPK.

Objective: Combining with national drug sampling program,to evaluate the current quality situation and problems of compound Yinqiao and paracetamol and chlorphenamine maleate capsules by testing and analyzing 78 batches of samples collected from the realm of drug production and circulation all over the country in 2015.Methods: As the current standard could not control the product quality, and combined the prescribed examination with exploratory research, the method of HPLC was used to determine the contents.GC and TLC was respectively used to identify peppermint oil and study on forsythin.Near infrared spectrum database was established by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), which provided the basis for rapid testing.The results of the prescribed examination and exploratory research were statistically analyzed.Results: There were significant differences in the results of the prescribed examination and exploratory research.Conclusion: The results of exploratory research show that there are many defects in the statutory standards.The product quality of different manufactures was divers, and it is necessary to guide them to improve the preparation process and the quality.More exclusive, accurate and sensitive methods should be used to comprehensively control the quality.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small (approximately 22 nt) RNAs that exhibit a diversity in sequence,structure,abudance,and expression profile. Bioinformatic approaches and direct cloning methods have identified 3518 miRNAs from various species. MiRNAs play a pivotal role in the regulation of genes involved in diverse processes such as development,differentiation,and cellular growth control. Recently,many viral-encoded miRNAs have been discovered, most from the herpesviruses viral family. Virus-encoded miRNAs seem to evolve rapidly and regulate both the viral life cycle and the interaction between viruses and their hosts. The detailed study on the virus-encoded microRNAs and the role they play in the progress of viral infection,replication and expression will be beneficial to understand viral molecular biology,and also provide new strategies for the prevention and treatment of virus.