Objective: To study the expression of CD138 in normal cervical mucosal tissue,cervical intraepithelial neoplasia ( CINⅠ/Ⅱ and CINⅢ) and cervical squamous cell carcinoma.And to investigate the clinical pathologic significance of CD 138 expression with lymph node metastasis , microvascular density ( MVD ) , CD68 expression and clinical stage in cervical squamous cell carcinoma.Methods:To detected the expression of CD 138 in 120 cases of cervical squamous cell carcinoma ,106 cases of CINⅢ,14 cases of CINⅠ/Ⅱand 54 cases of normal cervical mucosa tissues.Results: The expression of CD138 was lowest in cervical cancer tissue,followed by normal cervical mucosal tissue ,CIN I/II and CINIII,that there had significant difference (P<0.001).The expression level of CD138 was higher in without lymph node metastasis group than in lymph node metastasis group ( P<0.05 ).In cervical cancer , the expression level of CD 138 was higher in early stage ( stage 0 andⅠ) than in advanced stage (Ⅱ) ( P<0.001 );and higher in CD68 expression negative group than in positive group (P<0.05).Furthermore,MVD was higher in CD138 expression negative group than in positive group ( P<0.05 ).Conclusion: CD138 play an important role in the process of development of cervical squamous cell carcinoma,especially for the role of lymph node metastasis is more obvious.CD138 could be used as a indicators for determinate the process of progress in cervical squamous cell carcinoma.

BACKGROUND:Hard palate mucosa serves as a main donor material in periodontal plastic surgery and its thickness is crucial for the surgical outcomes. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the thickness of hard palate mucosa in Han population, and analyze the consistency between cone-beam CT image analysis and trans-gingival probing method. METHODS: A total of 30 Han volunteers (300 teeth) were recruited, and the thickness of hard palate mucosa was measured using cone-beam CT image analysis or trans-gingival probing method, to analyze their consistency. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The two methods showed a higher consistency in the thickness of hard palate mucosa at the cuspid, first and second premolars as well as first and second molars. The thickness of the hard palate mucosa related to the distance from the gingival margin and tooth position, the thickness from the canine region to the second premolar region thickening gradually, and became the thickest at the second molar, and the thinnest at the cuspid. This study for the first time analyzed the thickness of hard palate mucosa in Chinese Han population, and confirmed there is a high consistency between cone-beam CT image analysis and trans-gingival probing method.

Since the establishment of the People’s Republic of China, the development of China’s official de-velopment assistance for health has been going through three phases. To date, it has developed in many forms, inclu-ding the dispatch of medical team and the construction of health facilities. Since the market reforms, the global con-text together with the domestic socioeconomic foundations have changed; the impact of China’s relatively simple and segmented development assistance for health on the development of health systems in developing countries is limited;the effectiveness of assistance has been watered-down due to segmentation and vague management and accountability systems, as well as the lack of an overarching strategy;China’s health institutions, techniques and products suffer va-rious obstacles in their transfer to other countries where rules are dominated by western countries;compared with the increasing and multiple demands of development assistance for health from developing countries, the capacities of co-operation need to be further developed. As the paper suggests, use the “new major-country” and “new morality-in-terest” and“human oriented” concepts, as well as the ideology of“aid in order to develop, develop in order to coop-erate, so as to develop hand-in-hand” to guide China’s development assistance for health;innovate stereo-aid models to adapt to the changed foreign and domestic socioeconomic context; reform the development assistance for health management system and define rights and obligations appropriately;strengthen coordination and information sharing;link development assistance for health with global health governance to promote a maximized spillover effect;mobilize the civil society with strengthened guidance and supervision.

Objective:To generate sex hormone binding globulin(SHBG) conditional knockout mice model.In order to investigate the physiological function of SHBG in vivo and to provide experimental means for the study of the relationship between SHBG and gestational diabetes mellitus.Methods:The mouse genomic DNA sequence of SHBG was verified through bioinformatic analysis.According to the SHBG genomic DNA sequence,the gene targeting and knockout vector were constructed.Transfection of the vectors to ES cells by electroporation was performed according to common protocol.Positive ES cells were screened and identified by PCR.Therefore,the dual selected ES cells were microinjected into blastula,then blastula transplantations into the host mice.The chimeric mice were mated with C57BL/6J mice,and the Flox mice were obtained after screening.The Flox mice were hybridized with EIIA-Cre transgenic mice,and the progeny of the SHBG gene knockout (SHBG-/-) mice were obtained by autocopuation for several times.Results:Several Flox homozygous mice and SHBG gene knockout mice were successfully obtained.Compared with control mice,homozygous mice of SHBG gene knockout were well developed and had reproductive ability.The growth and development of SHBG knockout mice were not significantly different from that of wild type mice.Conclusion:Homozygous mice model of SHBG gene knockout was successfully established,which laid the foundation for further study of the role of SHBG in the gestational diabetes.The SHBG gene knockout mouse model was successfully established and the preliminary phenotypic analysis was performed,which laid the foundation for further study on the role of SHBG in gestational diabetes mellitus.SHBG gene knockout mice were normal in appearance.Due to the limited number of samples and many unknown biological characteristics of gene knockout mice,it needs further study.

Biopsy ; Histological Techniques ; instrumentation ; methods ; Humans ; Indicators and Reagents ; Paraffin Embedding ; Ultrasonics

Objective To compare the effect of hollow screw and double suture anchors for the treatment of the intercondylar eminence fractures of tibia.Methods The data of 68 patients with intercondylar eminence fractures of tibia from January 2006 to January 2012 were retrospectively reviewed.33 patients of them received treatment of hollow screw,35 patients received double suture anchors.All patients had X-ray films before operation.After follow-up of 3,6,12 and 36 months,they all were examined by X-ray eminence in an appropriate position.Union time was from 6 to 12 weeks and evaluated by Lysholm system.Results After a follow-up for 24 to 43 months and the average period was 36 months.A total of 68 patients turned up.The outcome of treatment was evaluated on the basis of X-ray and clinical findings in hollow screw group and double suture anchors group.Union and average time was 8 weeks.During the follow-up time,clinical evaluation included the range of motion and knee joint stability was examined and no knee joint instability and abnormal activity were found.During the 3 months and 6 months,there were significant differences between hollow screw group and double suture anchors group (P ＞ 0.05).But during the follow-up from 12 to 24 months,there were significant differences between hollow screw group and double suture anchors group (P＞0.05) according to Lysholm system,clinical evaluation including range of motion and knee pain was examined and knee pain and abnormal activity were found in this two groups.Conclusion Clinical characteristics of patients and individual requirement should be considered comprehensively before an individual treatment choice is made for the treatment of the intercondylar eminence fractures of tibia.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility of sentinel lymph node biopsy(SLNB)during surgery of breast cancer. MethodsRadioactive colloid and blue dye were injected intradermally around the tumor seperately before the operation and the SLN were detected first by lymph scintigraphy. SLN was detected and located using ?-finder and the blue dye. Axillary lymph node dissection(ALND)was performed routinely after the SLNB. Results Among 116 breast cancer patients,this procedure was successful in 98.3% of cases. The sensitivity, accuracy and false negative rate were 93.6%, 97.4% and 6.4%, respectively. Conclusions SLNB is a simple, safe and reliable technique.Routine ALND could be raplaced by SLNB in breast cancer patients undergoing surgery.

ObjectiveTo investigate and compare the efficacy, safety, and cost effectiveness in the treatment of painful osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures ( OVCFs ) with percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) and kyphoplasty(PKP). MethodsSeventy-two patients (96 vertebrae) with painful OVCFs were treated by PVP (n ＝34) or PKP (n ＝38) under radiological monitoring. After bone biopsy needle into the compressed vertebra, bone cement (polymethylmethacrylate) was injected in PVP group, and that was inserted followed by the inflation of vertebra to create cavities in PKP group. The fluoroscopy time, total amount of bone cement injected, and cost were recollected respectively. The score of visual analogue scale point( VAS, 10-point scale)was determined at before the procedures, and 24 hours, one week, and one month after the procedures.Pain relief and complications were observed.The Cobb angle and vertebral heights of the anterior, middle, and posterior border were measured pre-and post-operative. ResultsThe two procedures were technically successful in all patients. The follow-up ranged from 1. 0 to 34. 0 months [mean time, (8. 9 ±3.2) months]. The Mean fluoroscopy time of treating per vertebra in PVP group was ( 11. 1 ± 10. 6 ) min, which was significant shorter than that ( 23.5 ± 13. 0) min in PKP group( P ＜0. 05 ).The mean total cost per patient was (5127. 2 ± 502.3 ) yuan in PVP group, which were strikingly lower than that(32 301.4 ±3204. 6) yuan in PKP group (P ＜0. 05).(3)There was no significant difference( P ＞0. 05 ) in average cement volumes in PVP group [ (4. 9 ± 1.1 ) ml]and PKP group [ (5.4 ± 1.7 ) ml]. Pain relief of was observed in 94. 1％ (32/34) of PVP group and in 92. 1％ (35/38) of PKP group. The score of VAS at pre-operation was (8. 3 ±0. 4 vs 7.9 ±0. 8) ,and at post-operative 24 h (2. 9 ±0. 9 vs 2. 8 ± 1. 2),1 week (2.6 ± 0. 9 vs 2.6 ± 1. 1 ), and 1 month (2.6 ± 0. 9 vs 2. 5 ± 1.3 ) were no difference at PKP and PVP group(P ＜0.05). There was significant difference between pre- and post-operative time point in each group. The Cobb angle, anterior and middle height of vertebra was corrected in both PVP and PKP group. In PVP group, the preoperative Cobb angle, anterior and middle height of vertebra was (24. 2 ± 3.8 )°,( 19. 1 ± 1.4) mm, (25. 2 ± 1.0) mm, which was significant different ( P ＜ 0. 05 ) from that of ( 19.4 ±3.9)°, (21.0 ± 1.5) mm, (27.0 ± 1.2) mm at pre-operation.In PKP group,there was significant difference (P ＜ 0. 05 ) in the preoperative Cobb angle, anterior and middle height of vertebra [(25. 1 ±5.0)°vs(10.7 ±2.8)°, (19.5 ± 1.5) mm vs (24.3 ± 1.9) mm, (25.4 ± 1.1) mm vs (29.7 ±1.3) mm, respectively]. As to the above index, the overall correcting effect in PKP was much better than that in PVP( P ＜0. 05 ). Cement leakage occurred in 9 cases in PVP group and 3 cases in PKP group ( P ＜0. 05 ) but no symptoms. There were no major complications during operation in the two groups. Conclusion PVP and PKP are effective and safe in the treatment of painful OVCFs but PVP is more cost effective than PKP.

Objective To investigate the plasma vitamin D3 level and its association with B cell subsets of patients with primary Sj(o)gren's syndrome (pSS).The role of vitamin D3 levels in the pathogenesis of pSS was explored.Methods The expression of plasma vitamin D3 levels of 55 patients with pSS and 32 controls were analyzed by ELISA.Frequencies of peripheral blood CD19+CD27-na(i)ve B cells,CD19+CD27+ memory B cells and CD19+CD27high plasma cells were analyzed by flow cytometry in 34 pSS patients without therapy and 22 controls.The relationship between the vitamin D3 levels and B cell subsets,SSDAI,tear flow rate,saliva flow rate,rheumatoid factor,immunoglobulin was analyzed in pSS patients.Non-parametric test,t test,one-way ANOVA,x2test,Pearman's and Spearman's correlation analysis were used for statistical analysis.Results ① There was significant difference in the levels of plasma 1,25 (OH)2D3 between the pSS patients group and normal control group,1,25 (OH)2D3 was significantly lower in pSS patients than that in the normal control group [24.17(22.20,28.41) pg/ml and 41.25(23.38,62.18) pg/ml,P＜0.05],and that was also obviously lower in the active group [22.64(20.74,24.90) pg/ml] than that in the normal control group (P＜0.05),and that was also obviously lower in the active disease group than that in the inactive disease group [25.39 (23.16,33.09) pg/ml,P＜0.05],but there was no difference between the inactive group and the normal control group (P＞0.05).② The percentage of peripheral blood of CD19+CD27high plasma cells and CD19+CD27+ memory B cells in CD19+ cells was reduced in patients in the pSS group compared with the control group [(0.89±0.30)％ and (1.72±0.43)％,(24±8)％ and (34±5)％; P＜0.05],and that was also significantly lower in the active group [(1.03±0.59) ％ ; (26± 10)％] and inactive group [(1.00±0.16)％,(26± 3)％] than that in the normal controls (P＜0.05).However,there was no difference between the active group and the inactive group (P＞0.05),but the frequency of peripheral blood of CD19+ CD27-naive B cells in CD19+ B cells was increased in patients with pSS compared with normal control group [(75.4±7.5)％ and (63.9±5.2)％,P＜0.05],and that was also significantly higher in the active group [(73.4±9.7)％] and inactive group [(73.3±2.9)％] than that in the normal control (P＜0.05),there was no difference between the active group and the inactive group.③ Significant negative correlation was observed between 1,25 (OH)2D3 and the percentage of peripheral blood CD19+CD27+ memory B cells in CD19+ cells as well as immunoglobulin G(r=-0.627,P=0.039; r=-0.657,P＜0.01) level.Conclusions These results demonstrate that abnormality of vitamin D levels may play an important role in the pathogenesis of pSS.

Objective To approach the correlation between angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) levels and degree of lung injury and prognosis and its clinical significance in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Methods A prospective observation was conducted. Fifty-three ARDS patients admitted to Department of Critical Care Medicine of Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University from January 2012 to March 2014 were enrolled. According to the criteria of the Berlin Definition of ARDS,the patients were divided into mild group (n=15),moderate group(n=22)and severe group(n=16). Meanwhile,ARDS patients were further divided into survival group(n=29)and non-survival group(n=24)according to 28-day outcomes. Twenty cases of non-ARDS patients were served as control. The acute physiology and chronic health evaluationⅡ(APACHEⅡ)score,sequential organ failure assessment(SOFA)score,oxygenation index(PaO2/FiO2),lung injury score(LIS)were recorded within 24 hours after admission. And the plasma levels of Ang-2,interleukin-6(IL-6)and C-reaction protein (CRP)were measured. The independent risk factors of ARDS were analyzed by univariate and multivariable logistic regression. Receiver operating characteristic curve(ROC)was plotted to evaluate the value of Ang-2 in predicting ARDS. Results Compared with non-ARDS group,APACHEⅡ score,SOFA score,LIS score,mortality were significantly increased,PaO2/FiO2 was significantly decreased,and plasma Ang-2,IL-6,CRP were significantly elevated〔APACHEⅡscore:20.7±5.0 vs. 14.1±5.3,SOFA score:7.7±3.5 vs. 3.5±2.1,LIS score:1.69±0.71 vs. 0.28±0.27,PaO2/FiO2(mmHg,1 mmHg=0.133 kPa):159.5±61.3 vs. 394.0±63.2,mortality:45.3%(24/53) vs. 20.0%(4/20),Ang-2(μg/L):4.73(2.59,6.99)vs. 1.22(0.61,1.52),IL-6(ng/L):56.50(27.15,139.90)vs. 13.05(4.38,15.55),CRP(mg/L):95.75(41.74,189.72)vs. 10.56(3.92,21.36),P<0.05 or P<0.01〕. Each index increased or decreased more significantly with the aggravation of the disease. It was shown by correlation analysis that the plasma levels of Ang-2 was significantly positive correlated with IL-6(r=0.468,P=0.000),CRP(r=0.492,P=0.000),APACHEⅡscore(r=0.560,P=0.000),SOFA score(r=0.508,P=0.000)and LIS score (r=0.588,P=0.000),significantly negatively correlated with PaO2/FiO2(r=-0.685,P=0.000). Factors, APACHEⅡ score,LIS score,PaO2/FiO2,Ang-2 and IL-6 founded statistical significance in univariate analysis were analyzed using multivariable logistic regression. High APACHEⅡscore at admission〔odds ratio(OR)=1.316, 95% confidence interval(95%CI)=1.040-1.633,P=0.022〕and increased plasma Ang-2 levels(OR=1.287, 95%CI=1.041-1.760,P=0.038)were the independent prognostic factors for the 28-day mortality in ARDS. The area under the ROC curve of Ang-2 was 0.964,the optimal critical value of Ang-2 was 1.79μg/L,the specificity was 90.0%,and sensitivity was 92.5%. Plasma levels of Ang-2 was better in predicting ARDS than APACHEⅡscore, SOFA score and IL-6. Conclusions The plasma level of Ang-2 was significantly increased in patients with ARDS. The plasma level of Ang-2 was correlated with the severity of acute lung injury and had important prognosis evaluation.