An investigation of the dietary conditions and the growth of children was made from February to May 1982 in 14 nurseries and kindergartens in G districts of Tianjin.The results showed: the calorie intake was lower than 80% of the daily allowance of normal children in 11 of 14 nurseries and kindergartens while the protein intake was lower than 70% of the daily allowance in 12. The levels of other nutrients were also lower. The heights and body weights of children in these institutions belonged to B class of 6 grades by Zhou Qi-yuan.The causes of calorie and protein insufficiency and some suggestions were discussed.

ObjectiveTo investigate the value of CEUS in differential diagnosis of benign and malignant thyroid solid lesions.MethodsTotally 45 patients with thyroid solid lesions underwent CEUS examination.The enhancement mode and blood perfusion characteristics of malignant and benign lesions were analyzed,and the results were compared with pathology.ResultsCEUS diagnosed 31 benign lesions and 14 malignant masses.The diagnostic accordance rate of CEUS was 93.75％ (30/32) and 92.31％ (12/13) for benign and malignant lesions respectively.In 31 benign lesions,27 (27/31,87.10 ％) showed entire homogeneous enhancement,4 (4/31,12.90％) presented inhomogeneous enhancement.In 14 malignant masses,1 (1/14,7.14 ％) showed homogeneous hypoechoic enhancement,12 (12/14,85.71％) presented inhomogeneous hyperechoic enhancement and 1 (1/14,7.14％) presented non-enhancement.ConclusionCombined with two-dimensional grey scale ultrasound and CDFI,CEUS enables dynamic observation of the microvascular perfusion of thyroid lesions,therefore helps to differentiate benign and malignant thyroid lesions.

0.05],significantly higher than stage Ⅲ,Ⅳ[60%(6/10),50%(5/10);P

OBJECTIVETo establish a method for studying efficacious materials of traditional Chinese medicines from an overall perspective.

METHODCarthamus tinctorius was taken the example. Its major components were depleted by preparing liquid chromatography. Afterwards, the samples with major components depleted were evaluated for their antioxidant effect, so as to compare and analyze the major efficacious materials of C. tinctorius with antioxidant activity and the contributions.

RESULTSeven major components were depleted from C. tinctorius samples, and six of them were identified with MS data and control comparison. After all of the samples including depleted materials are compared and evaluated for their antioxidant effect, the findings showed that hydroxysafflor yellow A, anhydrosafflor yellow B and 6-hydroxykaempferol-3, 6-di-O-glucoside-7-O-glucuronide were the major efficacious materials.

CONCLUSIONThis study explored a novel and effective method for studying efficacious materials of traditional Chinese medicines. Through this method, we could explain the direct and indirect contributions of different components to the efficacy of traditional Chinese medicines, and make the efficacious material expression of traditional Chinese medicines clearer.

Alkalies ; chemistry ; Antioxidants ; chemistry ; Carthamus tinctorius ; chemistry ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Glucosides ; chemistry ; Mass Spectrometry

Objective To investigate the familial incidence of multiple primary carcinoma in Chinese hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer patients (HNPCC) in Northeast China.Methods By family line investigation,multiple primary carcinoma (MPC) spectrum' s characteristics of 509 patients in 85 families registered in strict conformity with the HNPCC Amsterdam criteria Ⅱ were analyzed retrospectively.Results Of the 85 HNPCC families,multiple primary carcinoma developed in 55 patients in 25 families,among them 45 patients had metachronous carcinoma in 17 families,16 patients had synchronous carcinoma occurred in 12 families,6 patients with both synchronous carcinoma and metachronous carcinoma in 4 families.Conclusions Multiple primary carcinoma developed in significantly high incidence in Northeast China in Chinese hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer patients,the most common MPC are colorectal cancer and endometrial cancer.

Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of cell differentiation agent Ⅱ (CDA-Ⅱ) on the differentiation of human acute mycloid leukemia (APL) HL-60 cells.Methods The cell morphology and differentiation was detected by Wright-Giemsa staining,the expression of cell surface differentiation antigen CD11b of HL-60 was detected by flow cytometry,the differentially expressed genes were screened by gene expression profile chip (NimbleGen).Results The result of Wright-Giemsa staining showed that CDA-Ⅱ induced HL-60 differentiation towards mature stages in a time-dependent manner.After treated with CDA-Ⅱ,the percentage of CD11b-positive HL-60 cells significantly increased in a time-and dose-dependent manner.The result of gene expression profiling indicated differentially expressed genes including 113 up-regulation genes and 140 down-regulation genes.The up-regulation expression genes involved in six pathways including mineral absorption,complement and coagulation cascades,down-regulation expression genes involved in nine pathways including pyrimidine metabolism,RNA polymerase,purine metabolism and so on.Conclusion CDA-Ⅱ can induce HL-60 differentiation and make gene differentially expressed.The data provide the feasibility of CDA-Ⅱ in differentiation induction therapy for APL.

Objective To study the clinicopathological characteristics and the prognostic factors in metastatic pancreatic tumor.Methods The clinical data of 32 patients with metastatic pancreatic tumors were retrospectively analyzed.The survival of the patients were evaluated with the KaplanMeier method.Univariate analysis was done by log-rank test.Results The primary foei of these32 patients included:9 lung cancer,6 renal cell carcinoma,5 gastric cancer,12 others.The median survival was 15.5 months in the radical surgery group (n 8),18 months in the cryosurgery group(n=3),8 months in the group with palliative bypass operation (n=9),6 months in the group with local radiotherapy (n=3),and 5 months in the group without treatment (n=9).Univariable analysis revealed the type of primary tumor,treatment of the primary tumor,interval between diagnosis of primary tumor and pancreatic metastases,localized pancreatic metastasis,and treatment of the metastatic pancreatic tumor were associated with prognosis.Conclusions Metastatic pancreatic tumors are rare.Long term survival can be achieved with pancreatic resection in a highly selected subset of patients according to the type of primary tumor.Therapeutic cryosurgery as a new minimally invasive,targeted and immunologic method needs to be further evaluated.

Objective To study the clinicopathological characteristics,diagnosis and treatment of patients with mucinous cystic neoplasms (MCNs) of the pancreas.Methods The clinical data of 42 patients with mucinous cystic neoplasms of pancreas were retrospectively analyzed.Chi-square test and independent sample t-test were used for statistical analysis.Results The mean age of the patients was 53.1 yeas (ranged from 29 to 78 y).There were 32 female (76.2％).The patients were divided into two groups according to symptoms (the symptomatic group and the asymptomatic group).There were significant differences in tumor size,tumor location,operation type,operation time and adhesions with the surrounding tissues between the 2 groups of patients.The patients were then divided into three groups according to pathological type.There were significant differences in age,tumor marker,tumor location,operation type,operation time,adhesions with the surrounding tissues,operative blood loss,and postoperative hospital stay among the 3 groups of patients.There was no tumour recurrence in the patients with cystadenoma.Patients with cystadenocarcinoma developed tumor recurrence at a mean of 16.4 months (range,0-50) and died of tumor recurrence even after radical surgery at a mean of 22.9 months (range,3-58).Conclusion MCNs were seen most commonly in middleaged women.The presence of symptoms was a sign of malignancy.Resection of the tumor in the early stage is the key in dealing with MCNs.

Growth patterns of trichome and contaminative bacteria in Spirulina sp. liquid culture were observed, and it was found that the number of neutral and alkalophilic bacteria was always 105～106 times of that of Spirulina sp. trichome. It would be very difficult to get real pure Spirulina sp. strain by classical methods of dilution plate, capillary and single trichome selecting methods. A great deal of contaminative bacteria was washed out by two pretreatment processes. Low speed centrifugation was designed to wash the strains which usually deposit at bottom, and filtration method was designed to treat the strains usually floating at surface. Sandwich plate and dilution plate were designed for the purification of the mobile strains and non-mobile strains, respectively. A lot of strains were purified by the above processes and pure single trichome formed pure colonies on plates.

The high-copy-number plasmid pcDNA3.1+ is unstable within S almonella typhimurium. A novel plasmid pmcDNA3.1+ was constructed by removin g the promoter sequence of ampicillin resistance gene (bla gene) in plasmid pcDNA3.1+. In contrast to pcDNA3.1+, pmcDNA3.1+ was stable within Salmonel la typhimurium SL7207 in LB medium with or without ampicillin. Further experi ments showed the ?-lactamase activity of Salmonella typhimurium SL7207(pmc DNA3.1+) was apparently lowered than that of Salmonella typhimurium SL7207( pcDNA3.1+) and the high ampicillin concentration was maintained longer in LB me dium culturing Salmonella typhimurium SL7207(pmcDNA3.1+). When mice were a dministered with Salmonella typhimurium SL7207(pmcDNA3.1+) intraperitoneall y, more than 95% of Salmonella cells separated from the spleen still harbore d the plasmid pmcDNA3.1+ 7 days later; but 99% of Salmonella cells lost the plasmid pcDNA3.1+ at day 3 in mice innoculated with Salmonella typhimurium SL7207(pcDNA3.1+). By lowering the expression of bla gene, the rapid deco mposition of ampicillin in LB medium was avoided and the metabolic pressure was relieved for the host cells. This method offers a solution for the problem of t he instability of high-copy-number plasmid within Salmonella typhimurium.