Accidents, Occupational ; prevention & control ; Humans ; Metals ; poisoning

Humans ; Pesticides ; poisoning ; Poisoning ; prevention & control

Acute Disease ; China ; Humans ; Insecticides ; poisoning ; Organophosphate Poisoning ; Poisoning ; prevention & control

Humans ; Occupational Diseases ; diagnosis ; Reference Standards

Acute Disease ; Animals ; Antidotes ; therapeutic use ; Mice ; Organophosphate Poisoning ; Poisoning ; drug therapy ; Rats

Objective To evaluate the methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) colonization in infants at neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) by active surveillance cultures (ASC) and the effects of mupirocin decolonization on MRSA infection. Methods Neonates adimitted to NICU of Ruian People's Hospital of Zhejiang Province, China between October 1, 2013 and September 30, 2014 underwent ASC within 24 hours of admission (ASC group). The samples from nasal vestibule and umbilicus were cultured for MRSA, and positive cultures were considered as MRSA colonization. These with negative cultures underwent repeated culture of MRSA by ASC at the 1st and 2nd week after NICU admission. Neonates admitted to NICU between October 1, 2014 and September 30, 2015 with MRSA colonization based on ASC were decolonized with mupirocin at both nasal vestibule and umbilicus twice daily for five consecutive days (decolonization group). Culture samples were obtained one day and one week after decolonization to repeat ASC. ASC was stopped if the subsequent culture was negative twice successively; and a second mupirocin decolonizaton was performed if the culture was positive. Chi-square test was used to compare the rates of colonization and infection between the two groups. Results (1) MRSA colonization and infection in ASC group: MRSA colonization rates within 24 hours, and in the 1st and 2nd week after NICU admission in ASC group were 2.2% (9/418), 3.7% (15/402) and 3.6% (13/361), respectively. Compared with those without MRSA colonization, neonates with MRSA colonization had a higher incidence of MRSA infection [13.5% (5/37) vs 3.7% (14/381), χ2=7.524, P=0.006]. (2) MRSA colonization and infection in decolonization group: MRSA colonization rates within 24 hours, and at the 1st and 2nd week after NICU admission in decolonization group were 2.8% (12/435), 2.9% (12/414) and 1.3% (5/373), respectively. The MRSA colonization rate at the 2nd week was significantly lower than that in ASC group (χ2=3.919, P=0.048). Twenty-nine cases had MRSA colonization, among which, 27 cases were decolonized once and two cases were decolonized twice, and all were successful. The rate of MRSA infection in decolonization group was 2.1% (9/435), which was significantly lower than in ASC group [4.5% (19/418)] (χ2=4.118, P=0.042). Conclusions Rate of MRSA colonization is high at NICU. Mupirocin can decolonize MRSA carriage and reduce MRSA infection in neonates.

Objective To investigate the clinical epidemiological characteristics of gastric carcinoma detected by endoscopy in Gansu province.Methods Data of patients with gastric carcinoma,which was detected by endoscopy and confirmed pathologically from January 1977 to December 2006 in 163 hospitals of Gansu province,were reviewed.The endoscopic findings,clinical manifestations and epidemiological features were retrospectively analyzed.Results A total of 34,116 patients were diagnosed as gastric carcinoma with the overall screening rate as 5.30%,which was decreasing in the recent years.The rate of cardiac and noncardiac cancer was 18.5%and 81.5%,respectively,and the rate of cardiac cancer raised from 16.1%to 20.0%in the last decade.The tumor was most likely detected in antrum(38.63%).The male/female ratio of gastric cancer is 3.56:1.The screening rate of gastric carcinoma was the highest in Wuwei district (8.19%).The poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma accounted for 49.64%in all patients.Conclusion Gastric carcinoma occurs most frequently in Wuwei district of Gansu province and was mostly detected in gastric antrum.The most common pathological type is poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma.In the past three decades,the detection rate of gastric cancer is decreasing,SO is that of cardiac cancer,and that of the early gastric cancer is relatively low.

AIM:To determine the relationship between ischemia,hypoxia and the production of vascular endothelial growth factor in rat myocardium and its basic mechanism. METHODS:(1) 28 Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: group A,normal control;group B,1 day's acute myocardial infarction;group C,3 day's acute myocardial infarction;group D, 7 day's acute myocardial infarction. (2) Rat cardiac myocytes cultured were primarily divided into some groups, hypoxia incubated 24 hours; PMA groups, hypoxia incubated 24 hours with PKC activator (PMA), A 0 ng/mL; B 10 ng/mL; C 100 ng/mL; D 1 000 ng/mL; Chelerythrine groups, hypoxia incubated 24 hours with PKC inhibitor (chelerythrine), A 0 nmol/L; B 10 nmol/L. (3) By computer scanned and quantitated, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) protein was detected with immunohistochemical technique. RESULTS: The longer time of ischemia and hypoxia was, the higher the VEGF production. The relationship was found between the time of ischemia or hypoxia and the production of VEGF. The production of VEGF protein was further promoted by PMA with different concentration, decreased by chelerythrine.CONCLUSION:Ischemia or hypoxia strongly stimulated the production of VEGF in myocardium, which played an important role in autoprotecting of ischemic or hypoxic myocardium. Hypoxia-induced PKC activation is one kind of basic mechanisms in this course.

Objective　To explore the effect of hypoxia on the apoptosis of cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells（HUVECs） and the role of vascular endothelial growth factor（VEGF） in inhibition of apoptosis． Methods　①Culture and identification of HUVECs．②Establishment of hypoxic model（0，12，24，48 h）in HUVECs．③Incubation of HUVECs with VEGF(0 ng, 100 ng) under hypoxic condition for 24 h. ④Detection of apoptosis of HUVECs with TUNEL method． Results　The percentages of apoptosis were different under different hypoxic conditions． The longer hypoxic time was，the higher apoptosis percentage was．VEGF reduced the apoptosis of HUVECs induced by hepoxia． Conclusion　Over-apoptosis EVCs in one of the important factors for the impairment of endothelial function. HEGF inhibits the apoptosis of HVCs and having a pretive function on them.

Objective To analyse the changes of a district general hospital before and after management by Shanghai Renji Medical Group through current situation survey,and explore the conditions for the development of district general hospitals.Methods The Zhujiajiao People's Hospital of Qingpu District in Shanghai was selected,and patients(n=50)and hospital staff(n=100) were conducted current situation survey with questionnaires which included the knowledge and evaluation of the hospital's current situation as well as the changes before and after management by Shanghai Renji Medical Group.Results Half year after management by Shanghai Renji Medical Group,great progress in medical work was achieved,with a favourable development trend.The rate of satisfaction on medical service evaluated by inpatients reached 89.60%,and 81.91% hospital staff had confidence in the sustainable development of the hospital. Conclusion Management by Shanghai Renji Medical Group has brought prospects for the Zhujiajiao People's Hospital.Under current environment,only certain conditions are met can a district general hospital achieve sustainable development.