OBJECTIVETo search for the best therapy for simple obesity.

METHODSEighty cases were randomly divided into 3 groups. The body acupuncture group were treated based on the syndrome of heat of stomach and intestine, syndrome of spleen deficiency and stagnation of dampness, and syndrome of spleen and kidney yang-deficiency; the auricular and body acupuncture group were treated by the syndrome treatment of body acupuncture combined with auricular point sticking; the observation group were treated by the combined auricular and body acupuncture treatment plus moving cupping on back-shu points. Body weight, BMI, body fatd, blood lipids and clinically main symptoms before and after treatment were investigated.

RESULTSThe total effective rate was 69.6% in the body acupuncture group, 76.0%. in the auricular and body acupuncture group, and 90.6% treated in the observation group, with significant differences in the therapeutic effect, clinically main symptoms, external indexes of obesity and kidney ang-blood lipid metabolism between the observation group and the body acupuncture group. The various indexes in the auricular and body acupuncture group were superior to those iwere tthe body acupuncture group, with no significant differences in most indexes.

CONCLUSIONAuricular and body acupuncture combined with moving cupping at back-shu points has obvious therapeutic effect on simple obesity and this is a better therapy for simple obesity.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; methods ; Acupuncture, Ear ; methods ; Adult ; Cholesterol, LDL ; blood ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Obesity ; blood ; therapy

Objective To investigate the relationship between plasma homocysteine on admission and the outcome at discharge of acute ischemic stroke.Methods A non-concurrent cohort study was performed and a total of 1 3 1 9 patients with acute is-chemic stroke were continuously included in this study.According to tertile range of plasma homocysteine,patients were di-vided into three group.Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the independent association between plasma homocys-teine on admission and poor outcome at discharge of acute ischemic stroke.Results The difference of plasma homocysteine on admission between the poor outcome and those with good outcome had statistical significance (P<0.000 1).Without the adj ustment of multiple factors,when comparing to the first group,the second and third tertile seemed to have a tendency of increasing the risk of poor outcome at discharge,the OR (95%CI)was 2.111 (1.297~3.437,P<0.05),2.113 (1.361~3.279,P<0.05).After adjustment for multivariate,the second and third tertile also seemed to have a tendency of increasing the risk of poor outcome at discharge,the OR (95%CI)was 1.876 (1.160~3.036,P<0.05),2.396 (1.414~4.062,P<0.05).Conclusion The current study indicated that higher plasma homocysteine level was an independent risk factor for poor outcome at discharge in ischemic stroke patients.It would increase the risk of the outcome at discharge in patients with acute ischemic stroke,and suggests that there is a dose-response relationship between plasma homocysteine level on admis-sion and the poor outcome at discharge.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the impact of five different tooth preparation designs on the marginal and internal fit discrepancies of cobalt-chromium (CoCr) crowns produced by computer-aided designing (CAD) and selective laser melting (SLM) processes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Five preparation data were constructed, after which design crowns were obtained. Actual crowns were fabricated using an SLM process. After the data of actual crowns were obtained with structural light scanning, intaglio surfaces of the design crown and actual crown were virtually superimposed on the preparation. The fit-discrepancies were displayed with colors, while the root means square was calculated and analyzed with one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Tukey’s test or Kruskal-Wallis test (α =.05). RESULTS: The marginal or internal color-coded images in the five design groups were not identical. The shoulder-lip and sharp line angle groups in the CAD or SLM process had larger marginal or internal fit discrepancies compared to other groups (P < .05). In the CAD process, the mean marginal and internal fit discrepancies were 10.0 to 24.2 µm and 29.6 to 31.4 µm, respectively. After the CAD and SLM processes, the mean marginal and internal fit discrepancies were 18.4 to 40.9 µm and 39.1 to 47.1 µm, respectively. The SLM process itself resulted in a positive increase of the marginal (6.0 – 16.7 µm) and internal (9.0 – 15.7 µm) fit discrepancies. CONCLUSION The CAD and SLM processes affected the fit of CoCr crowns and varied based on the preparation designs. Typically, the shoulder-lip and sharp line angle designs had a more significant effect on crown fit. However, the differences between the design groups were relatively small, especially when compared to fit discrepancies observed clinically.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of early rehabilitation intervention on the incidences of extrauterine growth retardation (EUGR) and early diseases in preterm infants.

METHODSThe appropriate-for-gestational-age preterm infants with a gestational age of <34 weeks and a birth weight of 1 000 to <2 000 g who were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) within 24 hours after birth were enrolled in a prospective randomized controlled trial. These infants were randomly divided into rehabilitation intervention group and control group. The infants in the rehabilitation intervention group were given early rehabilitation after their vital signs became stable, including oral sensory and muscle strength training and pressure touching of the head, chest, abdomen, extremities, hands, and feet. The primary outcome measures were the time to independent oral feeding, length of hospital stay, and incidence rate of EUGR. The secondary outcome measures were the incidence rates of related diseases in preterm infants, such as apnea, feeding intolerance, and sepsis.

RESULTSA total of 97 preterm infants who met the inclusion criteria and had complete data were enrolled, with 48 in the control group and 49 in the rehabilitation intervention group. The rehabilitation intervention group had a shorter time to independent oral feeding than the control group (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the rehabilitation intervention group had a shorter length of hospital stay and a lower corrected gestational age at discharge (P<0.05), as well as a lower incidence rate of EUGR (P<0.05). The rehabilitation intervention group ONCLUSIONS: Early rehabilitation intervention for preterm infants in the NICU may reduce the incidence rates of apnea, feeding intolerance, and EUGR and help them to achieve independent oral feeding early.

Esophagustype cervical spondylosis is easily misdiagnosed or missed diagnosed for its lower incidence. The pathological basis manily concerned with compression of osteophyte for esophageal and tracheal wall and local inflammatory reaction. The diagnosis of disease is generally not difficult. Especially dynamic esophagogram could not only show degree of cervical degeneration and osteophyte shape, but also could clearly observe location and degree of osteophytosis indenting esophageal and tracheal. Recently, the treatment of esophagustype cervical spondylosis has been the focus of attention. It is generally believed that conservative treatment could alleviate disease but could not cure it. More and more scholars tend to treat disease by surgical resection of osteophyte to relieve compression for esophagus, and clinical symptoms could obviously improved. However, long-term follow up is lack, and further follow-up effect is lack of powerful support, anddifferent treatment methods and surgical procedures are lack of comparative research.

BACKGROUNDDefinitive treatment for heart attack is early reperfusion with either angioplasty or thrombolytic therapy, and the benefit is strictly time-dependent. Patient outcomes are improved with either therapy when initiated as soon as possible. Recognition of heart attack symptoms is logically tied to taking action to receive prompt emergency care. Inadequate knowledge of heart attack symptoms may prolong delay. The purpose of this study was to document knowledge about heart attack symptoms in Beijing residents and to identify the characteristics associated with increased knowledge of heart attack.

METHODSA structured survey was conducted in 18 communities in Beijing from March 1 through June 10 in 2006. Addresses and participants were selected randomly following a stratification. The survey was designed to collect knowledge of heart attack symptoms from sampled adults in each community.

RESULTSA total of 4627 respondents completed the questionnaires correctly, and 50.29% of them were female. Totally 64.15% of the respondents reported chest pain or discomfort (common symptoms) as a symptom of heart attack; 75.38% reported at least one of the following eight symptoms as a symptom of heart attack: back pain, shortness of breath, arm pain or numbness, nausea or vomiting, neck, jaw or shoulder pain, epigastric pain, sweating, weakness (less common symptoms); 20.36% correctly reported four or more heart attack symptoms, only 7.4% knew all the correct heart attack symptoms, and 28.94% knew about reperfusion therapy for heart attack; 31.7% reported to call 120 or 999 while having a heart attack themselves; however 89.6% reported to call 120 or 999 when someone else is suffering from a heart attack. Very old persons and those with health insurance coverage, high education level, high household income, longer living in Beijing and previous experience with heart disease had greater knowledge of heart attack symptoms.

CONCLUSIONSPublic knowledge of common heart attack symptoms as well as less common heart attack symptoms is deficient in Beijing residents. But their knowledge of calling emergency medical services when someone is having a heart attack is relatively adequate. Public health efforts are needed to increase the recognition of the major heart attack symptoms in both the general public and groups at high risk for an acute cardiac event, especially in socioeconomically disadvantaged subgroups, including persons with low education level, low household income, and no health insurance coverage.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Health Education ; Humans ; Knowledge ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myocardial Infarction ; diagnosis ; Public Health ; Sex Characteristics ; Socioeconomic Factors

OBJECTIVE: To study the efficacy and safety of lactase additive in improving lactose intolerance in preterm infants. METHODS: A total of 60 preterm infants with lactose intolerance who were admitted to the Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from January 2018 to December 2019 were randomly divided into a lactase treatment group and a control group, with 30 infants in each group. The infants in the lactase treatment group were given 4 drops of lactase additive (180 mg) added into preterm formula or breast milk, and those in the control group were given placebo, oral administration of probiotics (live combined RESULTS: Finally 29 infants in the lactase treatment group and 26 infants in the control group completed the trial. At the end of the first week after intervention, compared with the control group, the lactase treatment group had significantly lower frequency of daily milk vomiting and gastric retention amount ( CONCLUSIONS Lactase additive can safely and effectively improve the clinical symptoms caused by lactose intolerance in preterm infants.
China ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Lactase ; Lactose ; Lactose Intolerance/drug therapy* ; Prospective Studies

Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex（MOC） is a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine（TCM） in China. It is spicy-warm in property and bitter in flavor. It has the effects in eliminating dampness， eliminating phlegm and removing fullness. It is commonly used for dampness obstruction to spleen and stomach， chest and epigastric distension， glutinous grains， nausea， vomiting， abdominal pain and abdominal distension. It has a good efficacy in treating gastrointestinal discomfort and anorexia in clinic. The results showed that MOC mainly contains phenolic compounds， alkaloids and volatile oil. Magnolol， honokiol and other phenolic compounds are the main active substances， with obvious pharmacological activities on digestive， nervous， cardiovascular and respiratory systems. In addition， it also has anti-inflammatory， analgesic， anti-bacterial， anti-tumor and anti-oxidation effects. Except for magnolol and honokiol and other active substances， MOC flowers also contain volatile oil， with a similar effect with MOC but a weaker function. It is mainly used for treating spleen and stomach dampness， fullness， chest and epigastric distension. In addition to magnolol and honokiol and other phenolic compounds， MOC leaves also contain volatile oil， flavonoids and polysaccharides and other chemical components， which have antibacterial， antioxidative， vasodilatory and other pharmacological effects. It can be used as medicine instead of MOC in clinic. In this paper， the pharmacology studies of MOC in recent 5 years was reviewed， in order to better develop and utilize magnolia bark and its waste flowers and leaves， and further develop relevant functional products with MOC as the main drug， while providing new ideas for expanding the resources of TCM.

OBJECTIVETo study the clinical, pathologic and radiologic features of chondroblastoma occurring in sites other than epiphysis and apophysis of long bones, and to investigate possible reasons for misdiagnosis.

METHODSThe clinical, pathologic and radiologic data of 18 chondroblastoma cases occurring in atypical sites were collected from 5 major hospitals in Shanghai during the past 12 years. S-100 immunostaining was performed to confirm the cartilaginous differentiation of the tumor cells.

RESULTSChondroblastoma occurred in small bones of feet in 10 of the 18 cases (55.6%) studied, being commonest in the talus and calcaneus bones. Mean age of the patients was 27.8 years, with 55.6% over 25 years of age. Radiologic examination revealed expansive, multilocular and well-demarcated radiolucent lesions in most cases. There was local cortical destruction in 5 cases (28%) and soft tissue infiltration in 1 case. In 10 cases (55.6%), the tumor was associated with aneurismal bone cyst or simple bone cyst formation. None of the cases studied was accurately diagnosed clinically before the operation. In 2 cases, the pathology was also misdiagnosed, often being diagnosed as aneurismal bone cyst or giant cell tumor.

CONCLUSIONSChondroblastoma occurring in atypical sites are often associated with atypical age, radiologic features and pathologic findings at presentation. Thorough understanding of the potential pitfalls is essential in order to avoid misdiagnosis.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Bone Cysts, Aneurysmal ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Bone Diseases ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Bone Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Calcaneus ; Child ; Chondroblastoma ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Diagnostic Errors ; Female ; Giant Cell Tumor of Bone ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Humans ; Male ; Radiography ; Talus

Objective: To investigate the effect of insertion technique and electrode array type on the insertion force of electrode array, and to provide a basis for further optimizing electrode design and facilitating mini-invasive electrode insertion. Methods: Three types of electrode array from Nurotron (Standard Electrode, Slim-medium Electrode, Slim-long Electrode) were studied. from July 2019 to December 2019. These electrode arrays were inserted into the phantom models of the cochlea, manually or robot-assisted(medium speed and low speed). The real-time force during electrode array insertion was recorded by ATI Nano 17 Ti sensors and was analyzed by accessory software. Origin 2020b software was used for statistical processing. Results: The insertion force of all electrode arrays progressively increased with the insertion depth. With the manual technique, the peak force of slim-medium electrode insertion was significantly smaller than that of the standard electrode insertion((71.0±16.6) mN vs (140.9±52.7) mN, Z=3.683, P<0.01), and the peak force of the slim-long electrode insertion was between the peak force of standard electrode and slim-medium electrode(P>0.05). No difference was found in the force variation of insertion among the three electrodes(P>0.05). With medium-speed and low-speed robotic assistance, the peak force characteristics of three electrodes were similar to those with the manual technique, but the force variation of standard electrode insertion ((83.9±9.7) mN/s) at medium speed was significantly larger than that of the slim-long electrode insertion ((69.2±4.0)mN/s), and the force variation of the standard electrode insertion at low speed was significantly greater than the other two electrodes. For the same electrode, robot-assisted insertion presented significantly lower peak force and force variation than manual insertion for each type of electrode array. But there was no difference in the peak force and force variation between two-speed levels of robot assistance (P>0.05). Conclusions: The insertion force of the electrode array will be lower when a slim electrode array or robot technique is applied. Long electrode array might make manual insertion difficult or less precise. Robot assistance has advantage on force control during electrode array insertion.
Cochlea/surgery* ; Cochlear Implantation ; Cochlear Implants ; Electrodes, Implanted ; Humans ; Robotics