Objective To apply the virtual reality training in clinical education of rehabilitation therapy. Methods 26 undergraduate students majored in rehabilitation therapy were randomly divided into 2 groups during clinical education of physiotherapy. The experimental group (n=14) received virtual reality training first, and then with routine teaching, while the control group (n=12) learnt with routine teaching only. Self-assessment and physiotherapy test were conducted after training. Results The experimental group reported more interested, initiative and positive in training than those of the control group. The experimental group achieved higher scores in practical tests than the control group (P<0.05), while no significant difference in the theoretical examination between the groups. Conclusion Application of virtual reality training may improve the teaching of physiotherapy.

AIM To study toxicity of Safflor Yellew (SY) for vascular endothelic cell (VEC) and whether SY has antagonistic effect on platelet activating factor (PAF). METHODS Use light microscopical observation and crystal violet colorimetric method to study morphological and bioactivity change of HVEC and EVC 304 after incubated with PAF, SY, SY+PAF, Ginkolide,and Ginkolide+PAF. RESULTS Cultured with PAF 30 minutes, HVEC had histopathological changes: from fusiform, polygond squamous cell to ellipsoid, circular cell , not binding tightly, but separated by wide gap. As cultured with SY+PAF, cell's morphological changes just as same as PAF's group. And its bioactivity had tendency of decline. Either HVEC was incubated with SY (0.571 g?L -1 ) for 30 minutes or EVC 304 cultured with SY(1 143 g?L -1 ) for 4 hours, their morphology and bioactivity had changes. CONCLUSION SY do not inhibit PAF's injury effect. And high concentration SY has toxicity to cultured endothelic cell.

Objective To explore the regulatory roles of butorphanol on isolated rabbit pulmonary arteries by lipopolysaccharide(LPS)pre-incubation and assay the protective effect of ketamine on clinic sep tic shock patients.Methods Vascular ring tension detection technique was applied to observe the effect of butorphanol on the normal or lipopolysaccharide incubated pulmonaryvascular.Results In normal group, the final concentration of butorphanol(0.1 μmol,1μmol,10μmol,100μmol)were used to make pretreat ment- phenylephrine(PE)pulmonary artery relaxation.In LPS group,the effect of vasodilation of butor phanol was enhanced.Conclusions LPS can enhance the effect of butorphanol on pulmonary artery relaxa tion reaction.And the direct effect of butorphanol on pulmonary arteries was vasodilation.

Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of low-dose remifentanil(RF)on systemic artery tension of baby rabbit with septic shock.Methods Thirty-six systemic artery strips were prepared from 12 baby rabbits and randomly divided into 6 groups:control group,lipopoly-saccharide(LPS)group,RF group,LPS + RF group,NG-nitro-L-arginine(L-NNA)pretreated group,LPS + L-NNA pretreated group.Each group had six rings(n =6).The effect of low-dose RF on the systemic artery tension of baby rabbit with septic shock was observed with isolated vascular ring technique.The change was also obversed after L-NNA pretreatment.Results In control group:the relaxant rates after low-dose RF at the time point of 5 min,10 min,20 min were(18.48±3.96)％,(23.63±4.42)％,(28.33±3.73)％(P＜0.05),compared with NS group.After pretreatment with L-NNA,RF-related relaxant rates of systemic arteries decreased significantly to(8.15 ± 1.01)％,(13.08 ± 1.46)％,(18.54 ±2.94)％(P ＜ 0.05).In LPS group,low dose RF(4 μg/L)did not bring out any response to systemic arteries(P ＞0.05).The tension was not affected with pretreatment of L-NNA(P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion These results suggest that low dose RF has relaxant effect on systemic arteries of baby rabbits,and NO may be involved.Low dose RF has no relaxant effect on LPS-pretreated systemic arteries of baby rabbits,and it has no association with NO.

Objective To evaluate the relationship of the plasma levels of osteopontin(OPN),lipoprotein (a) [Lp (a)] and apolipoproteinA/apolipoproteinB (ApoB/ApoA1) ratio with atherosclerosis.Methods 120 elderly patients with atherosclerosis (observation group) and another 120 healthy elderly subjects (control group) from Health Check Department in Tianjin Third Center Hospital were enrolled from Mar.2014 to Nov.2015.The levels of plasma OPN,Lp(a) and ApoB / ApoA1 ratio were measured and their relationship with atherosclerosis was analyzed.Results In observation group versus control group,the levels of plasma OPN[(33.2±10.1) μg/L vs.(30.6± 9.1) μg/L],ApoB/ApoA1 ratio[(0.8±0.7) vs.(0.6±0.1)]and Lp(a)[(357.6±66.5) mg/L vs.(120.5±35.7) mg/L] were increased with statistically significant differences (t =8.91,8.43,6.01;P=0.021,0.035,0.041).The concentrations of plasma OPN,ApoB/ApoA1 ratio and Lp (a) were increased along with aggravation of artery lesion,with statistically significant differences (F =8.50,7.38,6.41;P=0.031,0.039,0.037).Conclusions The plasma levels of OPN,Lp(a) and ApoB/ ApoA1 ratio are increased in patients with atherosclerosis and increased along with the lesion aggravation.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Bone Neoplasms ; blood ; secondary ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasms ; blood ; pathology ; Osteocalcin ; blood ; Parathyroid Hormone ; blood

This article reviewed classic and variable Stroop effect paradigms applied in clinic medicine research. The researchers mainly focus on two aspects of this area. Fistly, researchers apply classic and variable paradigms of Stroop effect to study special diseases, by which reserachers can enrich the knowledge of patients' cognitive function and get more information about the curative effect or side-effect of some medicine. These studies also can provide more foundation for farther diagnosis and therapy. Secondly, according to the normal participants' brain areas engaged in Stroop task, researchers applied Stroop task to patients with diseases at the same brain areas as the normal ones. By comparing normal subjects and patients, researchers comfirmed which parts of the brain are involved in Stroop task and what are these areas' functions. The final purpose is enriching the theoretical modal of Stroop effect.

OBJECTIVETo explore an optimal anesthesia method with less impact on hemodynamics and electrocardiogram (ECG) of old patients with coronary artery disease (CHD) during abdominal operation.

METHODSThe 133 CHD patients waiting for abdominal operation were randomly divided into continuous epidural anesthesia (EA) group, general anesthesia group (GA) and combined spinal-epidural anesthesia (CSEA) group. Continuous monitoring was carried out during operation and mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), oxygen saturation (SaO2), abnormal ECG were measured respectively at different time for comparison and the differences of the above hemodynamic parameters and abnormal ECG features were compared among the 3 groups.

RESULTSAt the 15 min and 30 min point after anesthesia, SaO2 in GA group was significantly increased compared to that in the EA group (P < 0.05). At 15 min, 30 min and 60 min point after anesthesia, MAP in CSEA group was significantly increased compared to that in the EA group (P < 0.05). At 30 min point after anesthesia, HR in CSEA group was increased significantly compared to the EA group (P < 0.05). At 15 min and 30 min point after anesthesia, SaO2 in the CSEA group was increased significantly compare to the EA group (P < 0.05). Compared with preanesthesia (T0) in EA group, MAP, HR and SaO2 decreased significantly at 15, 30 and 60 min after anesthesia (P < 0.05). The fluctuation of the three parameters in GA and CSEA groups were relatively small (P > 0.05). As well as the comparison of abnormal ECG among the 3 groups was concerned, the incidence of ST-T changes in GA and CSEA groups were significantly lower than that in EA group at the time of 15 min, 30 min and 60 min after anesthesia and at the time of surgery termination (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). The incidence of arrhythmia in GA and CSEA groups were significantly lower than that in EA group at the time of 15 min, 30 min and 60 min after anesthesia (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Compared with T0 in the same group, the incidences of ST-T changes and arrhythmia in GA or CSEA group at the time of 15, 30 and 60 min after anesthesia and at the time of surgery termination were significantly lower than that before anesthesia (P < 0.05, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONGA and CSEA have less impact on hemodynamics and have smaller incidence of abnormal ECG of old CHD patients with abdominal operation.

Aged ; Anesthesia ; methods ; Coronary Disease ; physiopathology ; Electrocardiography ; Female ; Hemodynamics ; drug effects ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Perioperative Period

Objective To determine the impact of PEE with different ethanol concentration extract on the activity of tyrosinase in B16 melanoma and to explore the feasibility of PEE used as skin whitening agent make use of a model organism .Methods 30%, 50%, 70%, 95%, different concentration of ethanol reflux got four kinds of PEE alcohol extract, respectively.And selected the most active inhibition to mushroom tyrosinase ( PEE30、PEE50、PEE70、PEE95).The effect of extracts from the selected on B16 cell model was determined by MTS, NaOH splitting decomposition, L-DOPA oxidation progress.The change in protein expression level after ethanol extract of PEE was determined by Western bolt.Results The capacity of inhibition to mushroom tyrosinase in each concentration of PEE extraction, but PEE70 had the most active inhibition.When challenged with B16 cell model, PEE70 showed the capacity of decrease in tyrosinase activities and melanin synthesis (P<0.01) and had a does dependence ;it also decreased Tyrosinase and TRP-1 expression compared with control B16 cells.Conclusion These data support the idea that PEE can restrain melanogenesis, through its inhibitory effect on the activity of tyrosinase.