Objective AMI is a prevalent global health condition.This study assessed the effects of PLGF and VEGF in a rat model of post-AMI.Methods Wistar rats underwent LAD ligation and injection of VEGF,PLGF,VEGF + PLGF,antiVEGFR1,anti-VEGFR2,anti-VEGFR1 + anti-VEGFR2,IgG2α,or saline,into the infarct border zone.We also set up a pseudo-operation group.Two weeks later,heart function was detected by hemodynamic and geometry,then the hearts were dis sected and HE stained.We assessed vW factor and α-SMA by immunohistochemistry and cardiomyocyte apoptosis rate by TUNEL.Results Rats in the VEGF + PLGF group performed significantly well in cardiac function,had weaker LV remodeling and less cardiomyocyte apoptosis.There were no obvious changes in VEGF group.The use of VEGFR1/VEGFR2 antibody didnt deteriorate the rat's cardiac function.More new-born arteries were seen in PLGF and VEGF + PLGF rats,and change wasnt found in other groups.Lastly,the most angiogenesis,the least left ventricular remodeling and the best heart function were observed in VEGF + PLGF group.Conclusion Earlier intervention with PLGF or VEGF + PLGF can improve heart function in rats with AMI; VEGF alone didnt improve heart function.VEGFR1/VEGFR2 antibody didnt aggravate the rat's heart function.This indicates that left ventricular and coronary remodeling may involve other factors.

Objective To compare and analyze the epidemiological features of adult patients with distal femoral fracture between the east and west areas in China from 2010 to 2011.Methods The data of adult patients with distal femoral fracture treated from January 2010 through December 2011 in 63 hospitals were collected through the PACS system and case reports checking system.The data from 35 hospitals in the east area were classified as group A and those from 28 hospitals in the west area as group B.The analytic items included gender,age and AO classification.Results A total of 2,523 adult distal femoral fractures were collected,involving i,544 males and 979 females,with a male to female ratio of 1.58:1.The adult femoral fractures predominated in an age range from 41 to 50 years (18.94％) and their high-risk type was 33-A (50.18％).In group A of 1,650 cases,there were 1,027 males and 623 females,with a male to female ratio of 1.65:1 and a median age of 48 years;in group B of 873 cases,there were 517 males and 356 females,with a male to female ratio of 1.45:1 and a median age of 45 years.There were no significant differences in the age distribution and gender proportion between groups A and B (P ＞ 0.05).The age distribution showed that the peak ranges were from 31 to 60 years in both groups.The proportion of type 33-A was the most and that of type 33-B the least in both groups.The proportion of type 33-A in group B (53.49％) was significantly higher than in group A (48.42％) while that of type 33-B in group B (16.84％) was significantly lower than in group A (21.39％) (P ＜ O.05).Conclusions Adult distal femoral fractures were common in middle-aged males and their high-risk type was 33-A.Their peak age was from 31 to 60 years in both east and west areas in China.They were more common in men.The predominant fracture type was 33-A in both areas.The east area witnessed a significant higher proportion of type 33-B and a significant lower proportion of type 33-A than the west area.

OBJECTIVETo preliminarily investigate the long-term structural and functional injuries of mitochondria in rat brain caused by sepsis.

METHODSWistar rats were randomly assigned into sepsis and control groups. A rat model of sepsis was prepared by an intraperitoneal injection of 10 mg/kg lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of gram-negative bacteria, and the survival assay was performed. Eight rats in the sepsis group were sacrificed at 12, 24, 48, or 72 hours after LPS injection, while rats in the control group were sacrificed after an intraperitoneal injection of an equal volume of normal saline. Mitochondria were extracted from rat brain tissue. Mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and mitochondrial swelling level were determined by flow cytometry, and the activities of electron transport chain complexes (I-V) were measured using enzyme assay kits. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and electron microscopy were used to observe morphological changes in brain tissue and mitochondria.

RESULTSThe sepsis group had a significantly lower survival rate than the control group (P<0.01). The MMP and activities of electron transport chain complexes (I-V) in the sepsis group, which were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05), were reduced to the lowest levels at 48 hours and partially recovered at 72 hours. The mitochondrial swelling level in the sepsis group, which was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05), increased to the peak level at 48 hours and partially recovered at 72 hours. Hematoxylin and Eosin staining revealed substantial damages in the structure of brain tissue, and electron microscopy showed mitochondrial swelling, and vacuolization in a few mitochondria.

CONCLUSIONSIn the rat model of LPS-induced sepsis, both structural and functional injuries are found in cerebral mitochondria, and achieve the peak levels probably at around 48 hours.

Animals ; Brain ; pathology ; physiopathology ; ultrastructure ; Lipopolysaccharides ; toxicity ; Male ; Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial ; Mitochondria ; physiology ; ultrastructure ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Sepsis ; chemically induced ; mortality ; physiopathology

Cyclic Cushing's syndrome is a special manifestation of Cushing's syndrome, of which the serum cortisol is only periodically increased. The causes include Cushing' s disease, ectopic adrenocorticotropic hormone ( ACTH)-producing syndrome, and primary adrenal disease. It is difficult to diagnose because the cycle length varies from hours to years and the clinical signs may show spontaneous remissions and recurrent attacks. The detection methods include either measurement of serum cortisol, 24 h urinary free cortisol, early-morning urinary cortisol/creatinine, salivary cortisol or hair cortisol. No matter which method to be used, repeated and continuous measurement is essential. Here, we present a female patient who was diagnosed as cyclic Cushing's syndrome due to a pituitary ACTH adenoma. The clinical features, detection methods, diagnosis, and treatment strategies of cyclic Cushing' s syndrome are also reviewed in this article.

Objective To preliminarily investigate the role of Vitamin C in cecal ligation and puncture-induced septic brain injury.Methods Male specific pathogen free (SPF) Sprague-Dawley male rats were randomly assigned into control group,sham operation group,sepsis group and sepsis therapy group.The rats in sepsis group were prepared by cecal ligation and puncture.The rats in sepsis therapy group were injected sodium ascorbate through the tail vein 3 h after the cecal ligation and punature procedure.The animals in other groups were subjected only to subcutaneous bolus injection of 9 g/L saline only.Animals were evaluated by neurologic reflex scores before sacrifice and brain tissues were quickly removed at the indicated time points.Reactive oxygen species (ROS),superoxide dismutase (SOD),malondialdehyde (MDA),nitric oxide (NO),inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and catalase (CAT) were determined by using enzyme assay kits.Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was used to observe morphological changes in brain tissues.Results The survival rate of the sepsis group (30％ at 7th day) was significantly lower than that of the control group (100％ at 7th day)and sham operation group(100％ at 7th day).The survival rate of the sepsis therapy group (45％ at 7th day)was significantly higher than that of the sepsis group(P ＜ O.05).The neurological reflex assessment began to decrease at 6 h in sepsis group and reached the lowest at 24 h (6.00 ± 0.53).The sepsis therapy group (7.62 ± 0.52) was significantly higher (P ＜ 0.05) than the sepsis group and began to recover at 72 h (8.63 ±0.52).ROS,SOD,MDA,NO and iNOS in the sepsis group and the sepsis therapy group reached a peak at 24 h,which decreased at 72 h.The value in sepsis therapy group was significantly decreased than that in the sepsis group,and the difference was statistically significant(P ＜0.05).CAT changed in the opposition.The SOD/CAT in sepsis group was the highest 24 h after the operation,while the ratio in sepsis therapy group was significantly improved.SOD/CAT and MDA were positively correlated(r =0.968,P ＜ 0.05).HE staining showed significant damage to the brain tissue structure in the sepsis group,however some improvement was observed in the sepsis therapy group.Conclusion Vitamin C can significantly improve the survival rate and encephalopathy prognosis in the cecal ligation and puncture SD rat models.The mechanism may be related to the reduction of oxidative stress.

Rheumatoid arthritis(RA) has a high disability rate and is highly harmful. It has a long course of treatment and is prone to adverse reactions or events(ADR/ADE). Selection of drugs in particular shall give consideration to both benefits and risk. Tripterygium Glycosides Tablets(TGT) is one of the important drugs for the treatment of RA. It has a remarkable efficacy, but a strong toxicity, which is controversial in clinical use. The study was oriented to patients, and quantitatively evaluated the efficacy and risk of TGT in treatment of RA, providing an intuitive basis for clinical safety and effective application of TGT. A multi-criteria decision-making analysis(MCDA) model of TGT was built in the treatment of RA, and then benefit and risk indicators were weighted by SWING method. Totally 53 random clinical trials(RCT) in accordance with the evaluation criteria were included by Meta-analysis method. The RCT results were merged by Meta-analysis, indicating that compared with the conventional therapy of chemical immunosuppressant(CISD), TGT could improve the curative effect whether it was used alone or in combination with CISD, but it would increase the incidence of reproductive system damage. The combined administration with CISD would also increase the incidence of liver and kidney damages. Treatment outcomes varied according to the different conditions of the combined administration with CISD. Based on MCDA model and clinical results, the benefit value, risk value and benefit-risk value of different doses, courses and combined administration of TGT in the treatment with RA were compared. The results showed that when the benefit and risk of the drug were equally important to the patient, the benefit-risk value of the single administration of TGT was 59, while that of the combined administration of TGT and CISD was 39. Therefore, the benefit-risk value of the single administration of TGT was 100% better than the combined administration. When the combined administration of TGT and CISD is unavoidable, the benefit-risk value of low-dose TGT(0.10-0.99 mg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)) was 48, while that of high-dose TGT was 36. Therefore, low-dose TGT combined with CISD was more easily accepted by patients. The 2 to 3-month treatment course had a benefit-risk value of 40, while the long treatment course had a benefit-risk value of 38. Based on existing evidences, the single administration of TGT may be better than the combined administration with CISD. If the patients need to combine with CISD to treat RA, low dosage and 2 to 3-month course may be relatively optimal.
Arthritis, Rheumatoid/drug therapy* ; Decision Support Techniques ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use* ; Glycosides/therapeutic use* ; Humans ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; Tablets ; Tripterygium/chemistry*

Objective:To analyze the sexual relationship power and its influencing factors in married couples with single human immunodeficiency virus （HIV） positive spouse， and to provide theoretical support for the development of appropriate HIV prevention and control measures. Methods:Data of HIV single positive couples were collected from the database of AIDS epidemic. Social demographic characteristics， AIDS related knowledge， sexual behavior and sexual relationship power of HIV single positive couples were obtained by self-designed questionnaire. Current situation and influencing factors of sexual relationship power of the negative spouses HIV single positive couples' were analyzed. Results:Among 191 HIV negative spouses， 72.3% had not heard of AIDS， 3.1% had a history of HIV testing， and 38.2% had high sexual power. Single factor analysis found that men （χ² =12.227，P<0.001）， high income （χ² =4.227，P =0.040）， high education level （χ² =18.188，P<0.001）， frequent drinking （χ²= 6.104，P=0.013）， and high-level awareness of AIDS （χ²=10.827，P=0.013） had higher power of sexual relationship. Multivariate analysis showed that men and individuals with college education or above had higher sexual power， with OR （95% CI） 4.102 （1.757-9.578） and 7.403 （2.810-19.503）， respectively. Conclusion:The low awareness rate of AIDS knowledge and the disharmonious relationship between husband and wife will increase the risk of AIDS transmission in the spouses. Male， economic income， education level and AIDS awareness rate are the important influencing factors of sexual relationship power.