Primary open angle glaucoma ( POAG) is one of the eye diseases which can lead to blindness. The early symptom of POAG is unconspicuous, however, it will result in irreversible optic never damage and visual field defect with the disease progress. As an index for diagnosing and evaluating the therapeutic effect of POAG, intraocular pressure ( IOP ) is simple and important. Clinically, although some treated patients have a target IOP at clinic time, the optic never damage still get worse. Researches indicate that higher nocturnal IOP and 24h IOP variation and lower nocturnal ocular perfusion pressure ( OPP) may be the reasons for this phenomenon. The following essay will give an overview of POAG,IOP and OPP according to the relevant literatures so that we can have a better understanding.

Adolescent ; Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic ; immunology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic ; diagnosis ; immunology ; Male ; Nucleosomes ; immunology

From the perspective of compound type,the bioactive metobolites from Gliocladium are reviewed,and the research advancement in future are proposed.

Acupuncture Points ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Meridians ; Radiculopathy ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Spondylosis ; diagnosis ; therapy

Objective:To compare the accuracy and timeliness of 3-lead electrocardiography (ECG) and pulse oximetry (POX) in neonatal heart rate (HR) monitoring after birth.Methods:This prospective study recruited 42 high-risk newborns with gestational age ≥37 weeks and birth weight >1 500 g who were born through cesarean section without resuscitation requirement in Xi'an People's Hospital (Xi'an Fourth Hospital) from October 2019 to August 2020. 3-lead ECG electrodes and POX sensors were attached to the neonates immediately after drying to continuously monitor the HR within 10 min after birth. All procedure was recorded by video camera, and data were independently analyzed by a clinician after the procedure was completed. Differences in time required to connect the devices, time to obtain a reliable HR and the interval between them, the time needed for obtaining a reliable HR after birth, the proportion of neonates with reliable HR obtained within 5 min after birth and the consistency in the reliable HR readings between the two devices were compared using Wilcoxon signed-rank test, McNemar test, Spearman's correlation coefficient, intraclass correlation coefficient or Bland-Altman bias analysis.Results:The median time required to connect POX and 3-lead ECG and to acquire a reliable HR were 13.0 s (10.0-17.0 s) vs 23.0 s (18.0-28.3 s) ( Z=-5.050, P<0.001), and 79.5 s (56.2-128.0 s) vs 11.0 s (10.0-13.3 s) ( Z=-5.646, P<0.001), respectively. The total time from the beginning of connecting the devices and birth to acquiring a reliable HR were both longer for POX than those for 3-lead ECG [92.0 s (71.3-139.0 s) vs 35.0 s (30.0-39.5 s), Z=-5.579, P<0.001; 110.5 s (85.8-153.5 s) vs 52.0 s (45.0-66.3 s), Z=-5.579, P<0.001]. Reliable HRs were obtained in 69.1% (29/42) and 2.4% (1/42) of the infants by 3-lead ECG and POX within 1 min after birth, respectively. The percentage of infants for obtaining a reliable HR detected by 3-lead ECG within 5 min after birth were more than those by POX, but with statistically significant differences only at the first 60 s, 90 s, 120 s and 150 s (all P<0.001). The median HRs obtained by 3-lead ECG and POX within 10 min after birth were 161 beats/min (147-175 beats/min) and 160 beats/min (146-176 beats/min), respectively ( r=0.966, P<0.001). The mean difference of HR detected by the two devices was 0.56 beats/min (95% CI:-4.3 to 5.4 beats/min). The intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.961, showing good internal consistency. Conclusions:Neonatal HR can be assessed accurately by 3-lead ECG within 1 min after birth, which is far earlier than that by POX. Therefore, 3-lead ECG can be an option for continuously HR monitor in neonatal resuscitation.

Objective To study the renal damage of patients with juvenile primary Sjgren's syndrome (pSS)and its clinical manifestations,pathologic characteristics with biopsy,treatment and prognosis.Methods Ten patients with juvenile pSS complicated with renal impairments were retrospectively analyzed.Data of these 10 patients were compared with those without renal impairments.Results Ten patients complicated with renal impairments in 24 patients with juvenile pSS,9 of them presented with type I renal tubular acidosis(RTA), 5 with hypokalemia paralysis,3 with calcification of the renal tissue,3 with positive urine protein.1 with dia- betes insipidus.There was no significant difference between patients with renal impairments and those without. Three patients underwent kidney biopsy that showed chronic interstitial nephritis(CIN)with extensive lymp- hoplasmie cell infiltration.Two patients had glomerular lesions and one of them was diagnosed as pSS over- laped with systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE).Steroid and immunosuppressive agents had significantly alle- viated symptoms and the hypergammaglobulinemia was significantly improved.Conclusion Renal impairment may be the major complication in juvenile pSS.The major clinical manifestations are RTA and the glomeruli are involved occasionally.Treatment with steroid anti immunnsuppressive agents should be given to those who have evidence of systemic involvement.

Objective To investigate the relationship between anti mutated citrullinated vimentin (MCV) antibody, anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (CCP) antibody with disease activity and bone erosion in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), so as to provide evidence for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods The anti-CCP antibody and anti-MCV antibody were detected using the enzyme-linked immune adsorption method (ELISA) for 634 patients with RA. At the same time, the clinical and laboratory data were collected, and the X-ray images of hands or feet were taken. Disease activity score (DAS)28 score was calculated, and all patients were divided into high disease activity group, moderatedisease activity group, low disease activity group and stable disease group on the basis of the DAS28 score. We analyzed the relationship between the degree of anti MCV, anti CCP antibodies, and disease activity of patients by Spearman correlation. And anti CCP, anti MCV antibodies, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C reactive protein (CRP) of these patients were compared at different period of bone erosion and disease activity by the Wilcoxon rank sum test and nemenyi. Results ① Positive correlation could be detected between anti-MCV antibody and ESR, CRP, number of tender joint, DAS28 score (r=0.115, P=0.004; r=0.120, P=0.003; r=0.124, P=0.002; r=0.085, P=0.032), and anti CCP antibody had no correlation with these index. The anti MCV antibodies in high disease activity group [694 (156, 1 000)] U/ml, and moderate activity group [911 (190, 1 000)] U/ml were higher than that of the low disease activity [248(150, 731)] U/ml or stable group [275(62, 928)] U/ml (U=2.29, P=0.023;U=2.25, P=0.024; U=2.45, P=0.014; U=2.4, P=0.018), and anti CCP antibody in the moderate disease activity group [499(180, 1 370)] U/ml was higher than low disease activity group [297(83, 574)] U/ml and stable group [187(67, 1 153)] U/ml (U=2.53, P=0.012; U=2.22, P=0.026). ②The anti MCV, anti CCP antibody in the bone erosion group were higher than those without bone erosion group (U=4.64, P<0.01;U=2.69, P=0.007). The anti MCV antibodies in stage Ⅱ[722(259, 1 000)] U/ml and Ⅲ group [714 (216, 1 000)] U/ml was significantly higher than that in stage Ⅰ [316(98, 1 000)] U/ml(U=3.46, P<0.01; U=4.28, P<0.01). The anti CCP antibody level in stage Ⅱ [394(180, 1 000)] U/ml and Ⅲ[391(181,1305)] U/ml was higher compared with stage Ⅰ[277 (98,898)] U/ml (U=1.99, P=0.046; U=2.92, P=0.004), and that in phase Ⅲ was higher than Ⅳ [218(71, 911)] U/ml (U=2.06, P=0.041). Conclusion Compared with anti-CCP antibody, anti-MCV antibody is closely related with disease activity, and has a better predictive value for bone erosion. Patients with higher ESR and CRP are more susceptible to bone erosion.

Objective To study the protective role of pre-resolving mediator lipoxin A4(LXA4) in the NA+ -K+-ATPase in alveolar type Ⅱ (AT Ⅱ ) epithelial cells of rats exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Method The AT Ⅱ cells were isolated and purified, and divided randomly into control group (PBS), vehiculum (alcohol 0.7 μL/mL) group, LPS (1 μg/mL) group, LXA4(1/10 mol/mL) group and LPS (1 μg/mL LPS) + LXA4(1/10 mol/mL) group. After exposure to LPS and/or LXA4 for4 hours, NA+-K+ -ATPase and β1-subunits mRNA in AT Ⅱ epithelial cells were detected by using RT-PCR, and ATP, ADP, AMP, total adenine nucleotides (TAN) and energy charge (EC) were measured by using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and then the activities of Na+-K+-ATPase were calculated accordingly. Results The NA+-K+-ATPase α-subunit and β-subunit mRNA were significantly decreased in LPS group ( P ＜ 0.05 vs. control group). However, the expressions of NA+ -K+-ATPase mRNA were significantly enhanced by application of LXA4 to AT Ⅱ epithelial cells exposed to LPS (P ＜0.05 vs. LPS group). The activities of NA+ -K+ -ATPase were enhanced in LPS group (P ＜0.05 vs. control group). Compared with control group and LPS group, the activities of NA+-K+-ATpase in LPS + LXA4 group were significantly increased (P ＜0.01 vs. control group; P ＜0.05 vs. LPS group). The EC of AT Ⅱ epithelial cells were higher in LPS group ( P ＜ 0.01 vs. control group). There were no significant differences in EC between control group and LPS + LXA4group(P ＞0.05). Conclusions The pro-resolving mediator LXA4 can enhance the expressions of NA + -K + -ATPase α-subunit and β-subunit mRNA, and the activities of NA + -K + -ATPase in AT Ⅱ epithelial cells or rats exposed to LPS, and ca also balance the metabolism of AT Ⅱ epithelial cells. These findings suggest that LXA4 plays an important role in lung edema clearance in lung injury induced by endotoxin, and the role is likely associated with the enhancement of the expressions of Na+ -K+ -AT-Pase α-subunit and β-subunit, and the activities of Na+ -K* -ATPase, maintaining the balance of metabolism of AT Ⅱ epithelial cells.

Objective To observe effect of Jintong capsule on model mice of tourette syndrome (TS).Methods TS models of mouse were established by intraperitoneal injection of amphetamine (AMP) or subcutaneous injection of apomorphine (APO). The animals were randomly divided into the normal control group, model group, Jintong capsule large dose group, Jintong capsule small dose group and haloperidol control group. The spontaneous movements and grasping action of model animals were observed and the contents of dopamine and its products of metabolism in striatum of animals were detected.Results The abnormal hyperactivity and the content of dopamine of Jintong capsule groups in striatum of AMP model mice were lower than that of the model group ( P< 0.05 ), and the grasping time of Jintong capsule groups in APO model mice shorten compare with the control group ( P<0.05).Conclusion Jintong capsule can ameliorate hyperactivity behaviors of these two animal models, and decrease the content of dopamine in striatum.

Objective:To investigate association of the new polymorphism G352A in the dopaminetransporter gene(DAT1)exon 15 with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD)in Han Chinesechildren.Methods:The new mutant polymorphism G352A in the dopamine transporter gene(DAT1)ex-on 15 was found by the fluorescently-labeled dye-terminators assay.The study samples were comprised of337 ADHD children,207 unrelated controls and 201 integrated ADHD trios(included proband and bio-logical parents).Associations of polymorphisms with ADHD and its subtypes were examined by:(i)comparing cases and controls;and(ii)using family-based association study in transmission-disequilibri-um test(TDT).Results:The allele frequencies at the DAT1 G352A locus in the control samples were79.5% for 352G and 20.5% for 352A respectively.Association studies revealed no association betweenG352A in exon 15 of DAT1 and ADHD.But after a stratification by gender,there was possible associationbetween G352A and ADHD girls:the 352G allele had a tendency to be preferentially transmitted toADHD girls.Conclusion:There is no association between G352A,the new polymorphism,in exon 15 ofDAT1 and ADHD.The 352G allele has a tendency to be preferentially transmitted to ADHD girls,but thefindings require replication before drawing a definitive conclusion.