Humans ; Mineral Fibers ; toxicity ; Respiratory Tract Neoplasms ; chemically induced

BACKGROUND: Urological complication is one of common surgical complications following transplantation and severely threatens renal function, even patient's lives. Urological complications following renal transplantation mainly contain urinary fistula,ureteral obstruction and ureter backflow.OBJECTIVE: To retrospectively analyze the incidence and management of urological complications following kidney transplantation.METHODS: A total of 1 223 patient times following kidney transplants were selected at the Department of Urology, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University of Chinese PLA from December 1993 to April 2007.According to ureter of donor kidney and the urinary tract of recipients, ureteroneocystostomy was used for urinary tract reconstitution in 948 patient times, and end-to-end ureteroureterostomy in 275 patient times. Urological complications such as urinary fistula, ureteral obstruction and vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) were treated by the different methods on the basis of the different causes, mainly by surgical procedures. Reason of urological complications, surgical management of urologicalcomplications and its clinical outcome, the 3-year survival rate of grafted kidney were measured.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: In a total of 1 223 patients, urological complications were encountered in 92 cases (7.5%), including 43 cases of urinary fistula (3.5%), 35 ureteral obstruction (2.9%), 14 VUR (1.1%). 35 cases of urinary fistula, 29 ureteral obstruction, 6 VUR were cured by surgical procedures including ureteroureterostomy in 35 patients (50%), revision of ureteroneocystostomy in 18 (25.7%), endourology in 11 (15.7%) and other operation in 6 (9.6%). All recipients with urological complications regained normal graft function except one undoing transplanted nephrectomy due to the pelvis and urteral necrosis. There was no grafted kidney and recipient loss secondary to these complications in the present series. The 3-year survival rate of graft with urological complications and without urological complications did not show significant difference (P > 0.05). These indicated that most of urological complications following kidney transplantation request surgical management, and ureteroureterostomy are frequently used. The long-term graft survival is not affected by a correctly treated urological complication.

Objective To investigate the inhibitory effect of vitamin E succinate(VES) on experimental breast cancer in nude mice.Methods MCF-7 human breast cancer cells were inoculated subcutaneously in nude mice.VES was administrated at a dosage of 150mg/kg body weight for 5 weeks.Then,the size of the tumor was measured and cell cycle and cell surface Fas/FasL were detected by flow cytometry.Fas/FasL expression in tumor tissue was detected with immunohistochemistry,and apoptosis index was detected by TUNEL method.Results VES showed obviously inhibitory effect on the growth of graft breast cancer tumor in vivo.VES treatment blocked tumor cells in G_0/G_1 phase.Fas/FasL expression was up-regulated accompanied with a rise of apoptotic index in tumor tissue.Conclusions VES had potent inhibitory effect on MCF-7 breast cancer graft in nude mice.The mechanism involved may be related to the up-regulation of Fas/FasL expression and promotion of apoptosis of tumor cells.

Objective To observe the effects of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 and protein kinase B (Akt) signal pathway in cholangiocarcinoma cells invasion and migration promoted by microRNA-21 (miR-21).Methods The experimental study was adopeted.QBC939 cholangiocarcinoma cells were cultured in vitro,through constructing and synthesizing unrelated sequence,miR-21 mimics and miR-21 inhibitor which were transfected into cells,and these cells were allocated into 4 groups,including growing naturally cells in the cell group,cells transfected by unrelated sequence in the 21-NC group,cells transfected by miR-21 mimics in the 21-M group and cells transfected by miR-21 inhibitor in the 21-Ⅰ group.Besides,cells in the 21-M group were allocated again into the 2 groups,20 μmol/L LY294002 and 10tμmol/L U0126 were respectively added in order to dispose 48 hours for follow-up experiments.Indicatiors of the test:(1) real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to detect the expression of miR-21 in each group of cholangiocarcinoma cells.(2) Werstern blot was performed to detect the relative expressions of PTEN,ERK and Akt proteins in each group of cholangiocarcinoma cells.(3) Scarification assay was executed to test the migration of each group of cholangiocarcinoma cells.Transwell experiment was conducted to examine the migration and invasion of each group of cholangiocarcinoma cells.The measurement data with normal distribution were presented by x-s.The means of the 2 groups were compared by the t test.The means among groups were compared by the ANOVA,and pairwise comparison was analyzed by the Bonferroni test.The repeated measurement data were analyzed by the repeated measures ANOVA.Results (1) The relative expression of miR-21 in the cell group,21-NC group,21-M group and 21-Ⅰ group were 1.010 ±0.010,0.980 ± 0.050,4.900 ± 0.350 and 0.260 ± 0.010,respectively,with a statistically significant difference among the 4 groups (F =78.23,P ＜ 0.05),with no statistically significant difference between the 21-NC group and cell group (P ＞0.05).There was increased expression between the 21-M group and cell group,decreased expression between the 21-Ⅰ group and cell group and significant difference between 21-M group or 21-Ⅰ group and cell group (P ＜ 0.05).(2) The relative expressions of PTEN,ERK,p-ERK,Akt and p-Akt proteins in the cell group,21-NC group,21-M group and 21-Ⅰ group were 0.360 ± 0.020,0.400 ± 0.030,0.140 ± 0.010,0.680 ± 0.110 and 0.045 ± 0.126,0.470 ± 0.140,0.460 ± 0.060,0.440 ± 0.110 and 0.310 ± 0.020,0.380 ± 0.040,0.590 ± 0.060,0.160 ±0.010 and 0.400 ±0.010,0.390 ±0.080,0.410 ±0.090,0.380 ±0.070 and 0.440 ±0.110,0.510 ± 0.120,0.980 ± 0.150,0.190 ±0.010,respectively,showing statistically significant differences among the4 groups (F =10.23,12.78,18.11,P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference in the relative expressions of PTEN,ERK,p-ERK,Akt and p-Akt proteins between the cell group and 21-NC group (P ＞0.05).Compared with cell group,there was decreased PTEN expression and increased p-ERK and p-Akt expressions in the 21-M group,showing statistically significant differences (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with cell group,there was increased PTEN expression and decreased p-ERK and p-Akt expressions in the 21-Ⅰ group,showing statistically significant differences (P ＜ 0.05).(3) The change of migration rate of cells from 6 hours to 48 hours were from 12.0％ ± 3.0％ to 23.0％ ± 5.0％ in the cell group,from 21.0％ ± 4.0％ to 43.0％ ± 7.0％ in the 21-M group,from 6.0％ ±1.0％ to 18.0％ ±4.0％ in the miR-21 + LY294002 group and from 9.0％ ±2.0％ to 26.0％ ± 6.0％ in the miR-21 + U0126 group,respectively.The migration rate of cells in the 21-M group at each time point was higher than that in the cell group (F =16.23,P ＜0.05).The migration rate of cells in the miR-21 + LY294002 group and miR-21 + U0126 group were lower than that in the 21-M group (F =25.21,P ＜ 0.05),and there was the interaction effects between the change of migration rate of cells of the 3 groups and time,with a statistically significant difference (F =35.31,P ＜ 0.05).(4) The numbers of migration cells in the cell group,21-M group,miR-21 + LY294002 group and miR-21 + U0126 group were 198 ± 32,248 ± 39,187 ±23 and 174 ± 28,respectively,with a statistically significant difference among the 4 groups (F =8.48,P ＜ 0.05) and between the 21-M group and cell group (t =4.13,P ＜0.05).Compared with the 21-M group,the numbers of migration cells in the miR-21 + LY294002 group and miR-21 + U0126 group were decreased (F =21.98,P ＜0.05).The numbers of invasion cells in the cell group,21-M group,miR-21 + LY294002 group and miR-21 + U0126 group were 102 ± 22,211 ± 36,55 ± 9 and 67 ± 13,respectively,showing a statistically significant difference among the 4 groups (F =11.32,P ＜ 0.05) and between the 21-M group and cell group (t =6.67,P ＜ 0.05).Compared with the 21-M group,the numbers of invasion cells in the miR-21 + LY294002 group and miR-21 + U0126 group were decreased (F =36.23,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion ERK and Akt signal pathway participate in the cholangiocarcinoma cells invasion and migration promoted by miR-21,PTEN could mediate the process of promoting cholangiocarcinoma cells invasion and migration through ERK and Akt signal pathway promoted by miR-21.

[ ABSTRACT] AIM:To investigate the effect of storage temperature in renal biopsy tissue frozen section on immu-nofluorescence results.METHODS:One hundred renal biopsy samples of Zhejiang Province People’ s Hospital from Janu-ary to June, 2015 were enrolled.Two sets of cutting slices were stored in -70 ℃ low temperature refrigerator as experi-mental group and in -12 ℃ freezing cryostat as control group.The immunoglobulins ( IgG, IgA and IgM) and comple-ments (C3, C4 and C1q) as well as fibrinogen were detected with direct immunofluorescence in the next day.The typeⅣcollagen a3 and a5 chains were also detected by indirect immunofluorescence, and the qualitative and semi-quantitative re-sults were observed under the fluorescence microscope.RESULTS:There were 16 cases of 3+~4+IgG in the experi-mental group, while the corresponding IgG was all 1+~2+in control group, significantly weaker than that in experimen-tal group.There were 99 cases of 3+~4+a3 and 3+~4+a5 in experimental group, white there were 92 cases of 1+~2+a3/a5 and 8 cases negative in control group.The positive intensity was decreased in control group with statistical difference between the 2 groups ( P<0.05) .There were 15 cases of 4+IgA, 19 cases of 3+IgA, 15 cases of 3+IgM, 11 cases of 2+IgM, 13 cases of 4+C3, and 12 cases of 3+C3 in experimental group.The control group were similar to the results of experimental group, and no difference between the 2 groups was observed.CONCLUSION:The immunoflu-orescence results of renal biopsy frozen sections are highly affected by the section storage temperature, which has greater in-fluence on the immunofluorescence positive intensity of IgG and typeⅣcollagen.The renal biopsy frozen section should be stored in -70 ℃low temperature refrigerator.

Objective To explore the treatment experience and surgical strategy in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) patients with parapharyngeal lymph node metastasis. Methods A retrospective review was performed on ten patients with PTC metastasis to parapharyngeal lymph node from January 2005 to August 2014. The treatment experience and surgical strategy were analyzed. Results Three patients accepted initial treatment and 7 patients had a history of surgical treatment prior to PTC. Parapharyngeal lymph node metastasis was diagnosed by imaging examination or fine needle aspiration cytology. Resection of lymph node metastasis was performed via transcervical approach and transmandibular approach. Total thyroidectomy and neck dissection were performed synchronously. All patients received 131I therapy after surgery and did not have recurrence in neck or parapharyngeal space. During follow-up, 3 patients died in 5 years because of lung metastasis, 3 patients survived with tumor , and 4 patients survived without recurrence. The 5-year overall survival rate was 7/10 and the 5-year disease-free was 4/10. Conclusions Parapharyngeal lymph node metastasis from PTC may occur in patients with previous neck dissection or widespread cervical metastases. CT and MRI is helpful for establishing the diagnosis. Surgical resection remains the mainstay of treatment for this disease. PTC patients with parapharyngeal lymph node metastasis have a poor prognosis.

Objective To determine whether the candidates who were disqualified due to skin diseases in PLAAF medical selection of flying cadets are qualified or not according to USAF Medical Standards Directory , and to raise suggestions about revising PLAAF medical standards for flying cadets .Methods All the candidates who participated in the final medical selection of flying cadets received skin examination , and were judged to be qualified or not according to USAF Medical Standards Directory.Results Scar,bromhidrosis, chronic eczema, and vitiligo accounted for the largest proportion of skin diseases in PLAAF medical selection of flying cadets .There was a marked difference between disqualification rates of PLAAF and USAF, and the selection outcome of 34.48% of the candidates disqualified for skin disease were unknown according to USAF Medical Standards Directory .Conclusion There are some differences in medical selection standards of flying cadets between PLAAF and USAF , and we can revise PLAAF standards using USAF standards for reference , such as replacing bromhidrosis with ephidrosis , observing the therapeutic effect of chronic eczema , and adding impact evaluation of scar on military equipment .

ObjectiveTo observe effects of rehabilitation training on behavior and sensory evoked potential of rats with acute cerebral infarction.Methods30 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into sham operation groups (group A), model group (group B), and rehabilitation group (group C). Animal model was made by blocking the middle cerebral artery (MCA). For each group, the Bederson Neural Function was scored and balancing wood, rotating bar, and net screen were tested at the 24 hours, 3rd day and 7th day after operation respectively. The sensory evoked potential (SEP) latency of each group was also tested right after operation and on the 7th day after operation.ResultsComparing with group A, Bederson Neural Function scores of groups B and C indicated significant differences at each time (P<0.01). The ability of grasping, walking and coordinating of all groups handicapped 24 hours after operation, however, with time continuing, every function of group A restored and that of group B or C improved partly, but showed significant difference compared with group A (P<0.01). On the 3rd day after operation, balancing wood test of group C was better than that of group B (P<0.05), on the 7th day after operation, except Bederson Neural Function scores, there were significant difference between groups C and B (P<0.01 or P<0.05). Right after operation, compared with group A, the SEP latency of group B and C showed significant difference (P<0.01), on the 7th day after operation, the SEP latency of group C improved significantly compared with itself right after operation (P<0.01).ConclusionThe rehabilitation training can improve the MCAO rats' ability of equilibrating,grasping and walking and adjust the abnormal latency of SEP after MCAO, and prevent the nerve cells from damage caused by ischemic trauma.

The bioactivities, chemical composition and distribution of aerial parts of Panax species are different from the roots. The present paper summarized the phytochemical and analytical studies of aerial parts of Panax species, including P. ginseng, P. notoginseng, P. quinquefoliun and P. japonicus. This review aims so as to provide scientific evidences for further investigation of chemical profile, quality control and optimal utilization of these resources.
Chemistry Techniques, Analytical ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Panax ; chemistry ; Plant Components, Aerial ; chemistry ; Quality Control ; Saponins ; analysis ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo screen differently expressed proteins for serum biomarkers by studying serum proteome of population with asbestosis, population exposed to asbestos without asbestosis and population never exposed to asbestos, to further understand the mechanisms of asbestosis.

METHODSThe subjects of present study included 37 patients with asbestosis, 254 workers exposed to asbestos and 439 healthy controls. The 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight tandem mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS/MS) were used to screen and identify the differentially expressed serum proteins among all subjects. ImageMaster6.0 software was utilized to analyze the differentially expressed proteins.

RESULTSWell-qualified gel images of serum proteome were obtained, 21, 34 and 32 differentially expressed spots were found between asbestosis and normal controls, between asbestosis and negative controls or between negative controls and normal controls, respectively. Differentially displayed proteins were identified as cytokines, α1-AT, L-ficolin, etc.

CONCLUSIONExposure to asbestos for a long period could interfere with the immune system of workers exposed to asbestos, and some proteins may serve as the biomarkers for early diagnosis and intervention of asbestosis.

Adult ; Asbestosis ; blood ; Biomarkers ; blood ; Blood Proteins ; metabolism ; Case-Control Studies ; Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional ; Humans ; Male ; Proteomics