Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of absolute alcohol in hemostasis in surgical resection of giant meningiomas with rich blood supply. Methods Twelve patients with giant meningiomas with rich blood supply were injected with absolute alcohol (8.5-27 mL, mean 11.2 mL) in the operations, and the tumors were resected under microscope. Results The tissues in the injection areas turned white and the tumors became hardened after the injection. The bleeding of the tumor surface and section was obviously decreased or even stopped. The quantities of bleeding were 48-154 mL in the operations, with an average of 67 mL. Total tumor resection was achieved in 11 patients (91.6%) and partial resection in 1 patient. No complications associated with the surgery were found in these cases. Conclusion Injection of absolute alcohol for hemostasis in surgical removal of giant meningiomas with rich blood supply is convenient and effective and can be widely applied in clinical practice.

Objective To assess the relationship between the BMI and the brain DAT, and the influence of BMI on the brain SPECT imaging with 99Tcm-TRODAT-1. Methods MRI and 99Tcm-TRODAT-1SPECT imaging were performed in 31 healthy volunteers(16 males and 15 females), and then the three-dimensional reconstruction of SPECT images were completed. Based on the MRI images, right striatum (RST) and the left striatum (LST) were drawn as ROI on the 4 most clearly consecutive transverse slices.The cerebellum (CB) was taken as the background reference area and the corresponding uptake ratios of ST/CB, LST/CB and RST/CB were calculated. The Pearson correlation tests for radio-uptake ratios (ST/CB, LST/CB, RST/CB), BMI and age were performed, Then multiple linear regression analysis using ST/CB as dependent variable and BMI and age as independent variables was performed. SPSS 15.0 was used in data analysis. Results The ST imaging was symmetrical. The radioactivity was higher in the ST front area than that of the back area. The average uptake ratios of ST/CB, LST/CB, RST/CB were 1.71±0.16,1.70 ± 0. 16 and 1.72±0.17 respectively, in which the three ratios of the female were 1.74 ± 0. 18, 1.71±0. 19 and 1.76 ± 0. 19 respectively and those of the male were 1.68 t 0. 14, 1.68 ± 0. 13 and 1.69± 0.15respectively. ST/CB, LST/CB and RST/CB were negatively correlated with patients'BMI (r = -0. 53,-0.57,-0.47, all P＜0.05). The ST/CB was negatively correlated with patients' age(r=-0.39, P=0. 03). The multiple linear regression analysis showed that the BMI was significant independent variable (β=-0.53, t= -3.36, P=0. 002). Conclusions TheSTDAT,evel may decrease as patients' BMI and age increase. Females' DAT level is slightly higher than males'. For ST DAT imaging, age, gender and BMI should be all taken into consideration.

Objective To explore the distribution of arsenic speciafion and to estimate the effect of arsenic on glutathione(GSH)levels in the blood and liver of mice exposed to different concentrations of inorganic AsⅢ through drinking water.Methods Mice drank water containing arsenite at concentrations of iAsⅢ of 0(contr01),25,50,100 ms/L for 6 weeks.Blood and liver were sampled to asses$the levels of inorganic arsenic(iAs),monomethylarsenic acid(MMA),dimethylarsenic acid(DMA)by the method of hydride generation trapping and ultra-hypothermia coupled with atomic absorption spectrometry,and the level of GSH by the method of 5,5'-Dithio-bis (2-Nitrobenzoic acid).Results Leveh of iAs.MMA and DMA in blood and in liver increased along with the increase of iAs concentrations in drinking water.Primary methylated index(PMI)and secondary methylation index (SMI)of liver and blood were significantly higher in exposed groups than those in control group(P＜0.05).SMI of liver in 50 mg/L exposed group[(50.45±2.94)%]was significantly higher than those in 25 mg/L and 100 mg/Lgroups[(41.68±7.09)%and(41.19±8.87)%,respectively],the difference being statistically significant(P＜0.05).The ratio of iAs.MMA and DMA in blood and liver in exposed group were 2:3:5 and 4:3:3,the percentage of level of organic arsenic(MMA+DMA)were 80%and 60%.GSH in blood and liver in exposed group decreased along with iAs concentrations in drinking water and had significant differences compared with those in control group (P＜0.05).However,levels of GSH in liver and blood did not differ significantly between exposed groups and control group(P＞0.05).Conclusions Membolism of iAs in liver is maximized when the iAs concentrations in drinking water increases to a certain level.However,the percentage of arsenic speciation in blood is different from that in liver,suggesting that other organs and tissues may be capable of methylation of inorganic arsenic.The level of GSH in liver and blood in mice is a good mark tO reflect the toxicity of arsenic.

Objective To explore the mechanism of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) induced endothelial injury and the efficacy and mechanism of ginsenoside Rg1 on the inhibition of endothelium injuries in human endothelial cells exposured to PM2.5.Methods Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were stimulated with various concentrations PM2.5 (0.1,0.2,0.4,0.8 mg/ml) and PM2.5 at concentration 0.8 mg/ml induced significant endothelial injury and was chosen for the main study in the presence or absence of Rg1 (0.04 mg/ml).After 24 h treatment,cell growth A value was detected through MTT,intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level through fluorescence labeling probe method and HO-1,Nrf2 mRNA expression was detected by RT-PCR.Results The cell A value was significantly lower while the ROS fluorescence gray value and the average optical density ratio of HO-1 were significantly higher in PM2.5 group than in the control group (all P ＜ 0.05).The average optical density ratio of Nrf2 was similar between PM2.5 group and control group (P ＞ 0.05).The A value and the average optical density ratio of HO-1 were significantly higher while the ROS fluorescence gray value was significantly lower in co-treated PM2.5 (0.8mg/ml) + Rgl (0.04 mg/ml) group than in the PM2.5 (0.8 mg/ml) group (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion PM2.5 could induce human endothelial cells injury by increasing oxidative stress which could be attenuated by ginsenoside Rg1.

AIM To observe the changes of serum ROS,MDA,SOD levels in chronic renal failure (CRF) patients with damp-heat syndrome and to explore the intervention effect of Qingshen Granules (Hedyotis diffusae Herba,Salviae miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma,Artemisiae scopariae Herba,etc.) on oxidative stress.METHODS Seventy cases of CRF patients with damp-heat syndrome were randomly and equally divided into control group and treatment group.Sixty cases completed the study,thirty-one cases in the treatment group,twenty-nine cases in the control group.Twenty other cases served as the normal group.The treatment group and the control group were given the basic treatment of western medicine and retention enema of TCM.The treatment group was added Qingshen Granules for eight weeks.The levels of U-Pro/24 h,Scr,BUN,estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR),serum ROS,MDA and SOD were measured before and after the treatment,and were compared with the normal group.RESULTS Both total effective rates on disease and on traditional Chinese medicine syndrome in the treatment group were 83.87％,significantly higher than those in the control group (51.72％ and 48.28％),respectively.The levels of U-Pro/24 h,Scr and BUN were obviously lower in the treatment group after the treatment,and eGFR was obviously higher as compared with those in the control group.Before the treatment,the levels of ROS and MDA in the treatment and control groups were significantly higher than those in the normal group,and the level of SOD was significantly lower;the levels of ROS and MDA were reduced in the treatment group after the treatment,and the level of SOD was increased;these changes in the treatment group were more significant than those in the control group.CONCLUSION Qingshen Granules can ameliorate clinical symptoms in CRF patients with damp-heat syndrome,decrease the levels of U-Pro/24 h,Scr and BUN,increase eGFR level,inhibit oxidative stress,and enhance antioxidant capacity,ultimately delay the development of renal fibrosis.

Objective To investigate the clinical outcome of patients receiving stereotacticcannula placement for hypertensive intracerebral hematoma drainage and the relationship between thedrainage cannula and the cerebral angioarchitecture. Methods Sixty-three patients with hypertensiveintracerebral hematoma underwent operations for stereotactic placement of a soft tube for hematomadrainage. CT angiography and CT venography were performed prior to cannula withdrawal after thepatients' condition was stabilized or complete hematoma drainage. The relationship between the drainagecarmula, cerebral angioarchitecture and the entry route of the cannula were observed. ResultsPostoperative CT angiography and CT venography showed that the entry route of the cannula allowedsafe passage of the cannula along the cerebral arteries and veins, and the position of the cannula wasaccurate in all the patients. Satisfactory hematoma drainage and good postoperative recovery wasachieved in all the patients, and no significant injuries to the adjacent cerebral arteries or veins occurredin these cases. Conclusion Stereotactic cannula placement with the minimally invasive technique forhemotoma drainage causes minimal injury and is safe, effective, cost-effective and convenient fortreatment of hypertensive intracerebral hematoma.

Objective To observe the changes in serum and spinal cord nitric oxide (NO) levels after spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury in rabbits. Methods The Zivin method was used to induce spinal cord IR injury in rabbits, in which the NO levels in the serum and spinal cord tissues were observed dynamically. Results In rabbits with spinal cord IR injury, the serum NO levels increased gradually after spinal cord IR injury and reached a peak level at 2 h, showing significant difference from the levels of before ischemia (P<0.05), and followed by obvious reduction at 6 and 12 h after the injury (P<0.05). In the spinal cord tissue homogenate, the NO levels increased significantly to reach the peak level at the end of the ischemia (P<0.05), and then decreased obviously at 2 and 6 h to the level comparable to that in the sham-operated group (P>0.05). Conclusions NO is over-expressed in the serum and spinal cord tissue in rabbits following spinal cord IR injury, and may play a role in neuronal damage and repair in the event of spinal cord IR injury.

Objective To investigate the oncolytic effect of E1B mutant adenovirus (d11520) on human malignant gliomas. Methods Ad-βgal vector was used to investigate the infectibility of dl1520.U251,Hep3B (positive control) and T24 (negative control) cell lines were infected with dl1520respectively at 50,5,0.5,0.005 and 0 pfu of multiplicity of infection (MOI).The replication efficiency of d11520 in host cells was assessed by plaque assay.The cytopathic effect (CPE) was assessed by crystal violet staining in a panel of tumor cells. Results Crystal violet staining showed the Hep3B cell line was the most sensitive to dl1520 and had the fastest CPE,followed by the U251 cell line,while the T24cell line had no CEP.The replication and infection rates ofdl1520 in the U251 cell line were lower than in the Hep3B cell line but significantly higher than in the T24 cell line (P＜0.05). Conclusion The E1B mutant adenovirus (dl1520) has a significant oncolytic effect on human malignant gliomas.

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of health education on iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) in Hebei, and to provide basic information for development of control strategies. Methods A total of 34 project counties were selected in Hebei province, and 3 townships were chosen in each project county. Heath educational activities were carried out in the classes of grade 5 in the central primary school of each selected township. In the meantime, 3 villages were chosen in each selected township where the health education for women of childbearing age in the community was carried out. Sureys on knowledge of IDD control were conducted in the 34 project counties before and after the health educational activities. Results The knowing rates of IDD control among pupils in all 34 project counties increased from 71.10%(7835/11 019) to 94.84%(10 840/11 430) after health education, with a average increase of 23.74%. The knowing rates of IDD control among housewives increased from 77.02%(4531/5883) to 95.32%(5902/6192), with a average increase of 18.30%. Of which, the knowing rates of IDD control among pupils in Hengshui city increased from 55.56% (750/1350) to 94.89% (1281/1350),with a average increase of 39.33%. The knowing rates of IDD control among housewives in Handan city increased from 65.68%(532/810) to 96.50%(909/942), with a average increase of 30.82%. Conclusions The knowing rates of IDD control among pupils and housewives are remarkably increased after implementing the health education projects. They have better life and health habits, and the project achieves desired effect.

Objective To observe the exercise single photon emission computed tomograpby (SPECT)myocardial perfusion imaging of patients with myocardial bridge and assess the association between myocardial ischemia and extent of myocardial systolic compression.Methods Seventeen patients with myocardial bridge diagnosed by coronary angiogram were included and underwent exercise SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging.Results Abnormal SPECT perfusion imaging was evidenced in 12 out of 17 patients with myocardial bridge(2 out of 6 patients with systolic compression induced stenosis＜50%,3 out of 4 patients with systolic compression induced stenosis between 50%-75%and 7 out of 7 patients with the systolic compression induced stenosis between 75%-100%).Conclusion Exercise stress SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging could detect myocardial ischemia in patients with myocardial bridge and abnormal perfusion is positively related to the extent of systolic compression induced stenosis.