Objective To investigate the primary target of injury resulting from cold preservation/reperfusion after liver transplantation in rats. Methods Male SD rats were divided into three groups randomly: sham group,UW 1-h group and UW 12-h group. Orthotopic liver transplantation was performed by using the technique described by Kamada with a modification. Survival rate of rats within 168 h postoperation was observed. Liver tissue specimens and blood samples were collected at 8 time points predetermined as 1,6,12,24,48,72,96 and 168 h postoperation. Six animals were used per time-point. The liver function was evaluated by serum ALT,AST and HA levels. Morphology was observed under light microscopy and TEM. Additionally,the incidence of apoptosis (AI) in hepatocytes and sinusoidal endothelial cells (SECs) were measured separately by TUNEL method.Results The survival rate at 168 h in UW 12-h group was 50 %,significantly lower than that in UW 1-h group (F= 6.39 ,P

?AlM: To investigate theprotective effect of melatonin against hydrogen peroxide ( H2 O2 )-induced oxidative damage to human lens epithelial cells.
?METHODS: Sub-culture human lens epithelial cells preprocessed with different concentrations of melatonin for 12h and then 100 μmol/L H2 O2 for 24h. The impact of melatonin on H2 O2-induced lens epithelial cell viability was detected by MTT assay, rate of apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry instrument and activity of apoptosis-related factors, Caspase-3 and Caspase-9, were detected by colorimetric method.
?RESULTS: MTT assay showed that melatonin had no effect on the activity of lens epithelial cells, and the drug can inhibit the decrease of H2 O2-induced cell activity, as well as flow cytometry showed that melatonin can inhibit H2 O2-induced apoptosis. ln addition, melatonin can also reduce H2 O2-induced Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 activity in lens epithelial cells, and their activity decreased with effect of melatonin along with extending time.
?CONCLUSlON: Melatonin can obviously inhibit H2 O2 -induced apoptosis of human lens epithelial cells, which provide reliable experimental basis for drug on treatment of cataract.

Objective To investigate the changes in prevalence of nutritional risk and undemutrition in patients with head and neck cancer during radiotherapy.Methods In this longitudinal observational study,a convenience sampling method was used to recruit patients with head and neck cancer who were receiving radiotherapy in Beijing Cancer Hospital.Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS 2002) was applied to assess the prevalence of nutritional risk in the patients,and Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) and body composition test to determine the prevalence of malnutrition (undernutrition) before,during and after radiotherapy.Results 56 patients finished the three follow-up exams.Along with the progress of radiotherapy,the scores of NRS 2002 increased gradually (1.64±1.09 vs.2.30 ±1.06 vs.3.14 ±1.07,x2 =46.639,P＜0.001),and the prevalence of nutritional risk also increased gradually (21.43％ vs.37.50％ vs.71.43％,x2 =29.700,P ＜0.001);the total scores of PG-SGA [1 (1-13) vs.6 (1-15) vs.12 (1-18),x2 =63.206,P＜0.001] and dimensions of weight [0 (0-4) vs.1 (0-4) vs.3 (0-6),x2 =40.798,P＜0.001],intake [0 (0-2) vs.1 (0-2) vs.2 (0-4),x2=64.707,P＜0.001] and symptoms [0 (0-7) vs.2 (0-10) vs.6 (0-11),x2 =61.562,P ＜ 0.001] all increased gradually with statistical significance.The prevalence of malnutrition in different stage of radiotherapy were significantly different (x2 =64.999,P ＜ 0.001).The body composition analysis in 40 patients showed that all the indicators of body composition decreased significantly along with the progress of radiotherapy.There was a great loss in patients' body weight during radiotherapy,especially the fat-free mass.Conclusions The prevalence of nutritional risk and undernutrition may increase in patients with head and neck cancer during radiotherapy.Lean body mass accounted for most of the weight loss.We should pay more attention to those patients' nutritional status during radiotherapy.

Animals ; Calcium ; analysis ; physiology ; Cells, Cultured ; Motilin ; pharmacology ; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle ; drug effects ; physiology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Medication has become the first-line option for the management of lower urinary tract symptoms induced by benign prostatic hyperplasia (LUTS/BPH) for its advantages in controlling the symptoms, inhibiting BPH progression, and reducing serious complications and surgical risks. Recent years have witnessed remarkable achievement in the studies of phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (PDE5-Is) in the treatment of LUTS/BPH. PDE5-Is can effectively alleviate LUTS/BPH, with even better efficacy when combined with al-ARAs.
Humans ; Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms ; drug therapy ; etiology ; Male ; Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitors ; therapeutic use ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; complications

Adenocarcinoma ; pathology ; surgery ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Signet Ring Cell ; pathology ; surgery ; Cell Differentiation ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gastrectomy ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Paneth Cells ; pathology ; Stomach Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo investigate results of total knee arthroplasty using the long-stem tibial component combined with metallic wedge of knee prosthesis for the treatment of proximal defects.

METHODSFrom January 2011 to May 2013, 10 patients (11 knees) were treated with total knee arthroplasties using the long-stem tibial component with metallic tibial wedge of knee prosthesis. All the patients were female and the average age was 67 years old (ranged, 60 to 77 years old). All the patients were osteoarthritis. All the patients were classified as T2A style. The patients were evaluated according to knee score system (KSS).

RESULTSAll the patients were followed up for 12 months on average (ranged 3 to 29 months). The clinical outcome was assessed using KSS score, including knee pain score, knee stability score, knee range of motion score and knee walking score, knee stairs score. There were significantly differences at 6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months and 12 months between pre-and postoperative KSS score.

CONCLUSIONThe mechanical stability of tibial fixation in primary TKA is significantly increased by using the long-stem tibial component with metallic wedge of knee prosthesis, even in the presence of poor proximal bone.

Aged ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee ; Female ; Humans ; Knee Joint ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Knee Prosthesis ; Male ; Osteoarthritis, Knee ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Tibia ; abnormalities ; physiopathology ; surgery

Objective To analyze the differences of biochemical and immunological indicators in gender or Lee′s classification of IgA nephropathy ( IgAN) to provide laboratory evidence for clinical diagnosis and treatment of IgAN.Methods Retrospective cohort study.The information of biochemical and immunological indicators of 213 in-hospital patients which were admitted in Chinese PLA General Hospital in June to December, 2012.The data were collected and analyzed with t-test, non-parameter analysis, Pearson correlation analysis, ROC curves analysis and Logistic regression analysis according to gender or Lee′s classification ( Lee′s≤3 group and Lee′s>3 group).Results In this study, the average age and sex ratio of patients with IgAN was ( 35.0 ±10.6 ) years old and 2.04∶1.00.T-test and non-parameter analysis indicated homocysteine(HCY), immunoglobulin E (IgE), immunoglobulin M (IgM), prealbumin (PA), ceruloplasmin ( CP) ,α1-acidoglycoprotein(α1-AGP) , albumin ( Alb) ,α2-globulin(α2-G) andγ-globulin (γ-G) had significant difference in gender (P<0.05).And cystantin-C (CYS-C), HCY, complement 4 (C4),β2-microglobulin(β2-MG), PA, α1-AGP, α1-globulin(α1-G), immunoglobulin G (IgG), IgM and transferrin ( TF ) had significantly different in Lee′s classification ( P<0.05 ).ROC curves analysis showed that the areas under curves of CYS-C andβ2-MG were 0.891 and 0.839 respectively;the sensitivity was 90.2%and specificity was 75.3% when cutoff value of CYS-C was 1.56 mg/L; the sensitivity was 80.3%and specificity was 78.8% when cutoff value of β2-MG was 0.275 mg/dl.Logistic regression analysis showed that CYS-C ( OR: 31.380, 95% CI: 10.808 -91.113, P=0.000 ) and HCY ( OR:1.035, 95%CI:1.002-1.069, P=0.040) were introduced into the model after twice variable selections.ROC curve of CYS-C combined with HCY for classifying Lee′s classification showed that the sensitivity, specificity, Jorden index and AUC were 0.843, 0.862, 0.705 and 0.894 ( P=0.000 ) , respectively.Conclusions CYS-C,β2-MG, PA and HCY were valuable indicators for Lee′s classification.CYS-C andβ2-MG had high correlation with Lee′s classification, which indicated that these two tests were related to the severity of IgAN.CYS-C combined with HCY could improve the diagnostic efficiency of IgAN Lee′s classification.Combination of biochemical and immunological indicators could improve the accuracy of Lee′s classification and provide effective laboratory evidence for clinical treatment of IgAN.

Objective To study the expression level of thyroid insulin-like growth factor-Ⅰ (IGF-Ⅰ) in iodine deficiency and excess mice and the effect of thyroid gland IGF-Ⅰ in the thyroid morphological change. Methods Forty-eight Balb/c mice were chosen as studied objects,weighing about 16 g. They were divided into three groups: low iodine(LI,iodine content of 50 μg/kg in feed,drinking deironized water) group,normoi(NI,iodine content of 300 μg/kg in feed,drinking deironized water) group and high(HI,iodine content of 300 μg/kg in feed,iodoine of content 14 700 μg/kg in drinking) group,16 mice in each group. Mice were put to death after 12 weeks and taken out of their thyroid gland. The body weight,absolute and relative weights of thyroid gland were measured and the morphological change of thyroid gland were observed under microscope. The expression levels of thyroid gland IGF-Ⅰ mRNA and protein were detected by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry,respectively. Results There were statistical significances between groups of thyroid absolute and relative weights(F = 315.881,405.921,all P < 0.01). LI group [(10.71±4.03) mg,(44.98±15.39)mg/100 g body weight]and HI group [(3.42±1.17)mg,(13.50± 3.89)mg/100 g body weight]had heavier thyroid absolute and relative weights than NI group[(2.11±0.53)mg,(8.35±1.98)mg/100 g body weight,all P < 0.01]. Under microscopy,the thyroid follicle capacity grew down and the follicle quantity grew up in LI group,the epithelium was stylolitic,the colloid diminished or absence in follicular cavity,while HI group presented colloid accumulation without follicular hyperplasia. The expression level of thyroid gland IGF-Ⅰ mRNA in LI group(1.03±0.32) was more than that in NI(0.65±0.19) and HI(0.59± 0.20) groups(F= 7.518,P< 0.01). In contrast to NI,there was no difference in the expression level of thyroid gland IGF-Ⅰ mRNA in HI group(P > 0.05). The brownish particles of LI group were more than NI and HI groups in the thyroid follicle epithelium by immunohistochemistry,while HI group was less than NI group. Conclusions The mice of iodine deficiency presented follicular hyperplasia goiter,the mice of iodine excess presented colloid accumulative goiter. The change of IGF-Ⅰ mRNA and protein expression may participate morphologleal change,indicating autocrine IGF-Ⅰ of thyroid gland may play an important role in regulating goiter formation.

Objective To explore the effect of different processing and drying methods of corn and hot pepper on fluorine content in coal-burning type of the endemic fluorosis areas, and to screen food processing and drying methods which meet the quality requirements of grain drying and able to effectively reduce the total fluoride intake of local population. Methods Farmers of endemic fluorosis area in Bijie, Guizhou province were divided into 3 groups: sun-baked drying group, stove drying group with air-tight cover and stove drying group with no cover, 10 households in each group. Corn and fresh hot pepper and samples dried for 2 weeks, or 1, 3, 6-month were collected, and water and fluoride content were detected, and the total daily fluoride intake were calculated in accordance with the "Determination of Water in Food" (GB/T 5009.3-2003) and "Determination of Fluorine in Foods"(GB/T 5009.18-2003). Results Fluoride content in fresh corn and dried for 2 weeks, or 1, 3, 6-month [of sunbaked drying group: (1.40 ± 0.16), (1.56 ± 0.14), (2.15 ± 0.47), (2.70 ± 0.64), (4.06 ± 1.75)mg/kg, stove drying group with air-tight cover: (1.41 ± 0.16), (2.39 ± 0.56), (4.60 ± 0.97), (8.46 ± 5.55), (11.36 ± 3.60)mg/kg,stove drying group with no cover: (1.40 ± 0.13), (4.69 ± 3.97), (4.47 ± 2.77), (9.65 ± 6.47), (26.12 ± 14.52)mg/kg] and pepper[sun-baked drying group: (5.41 ± 1.61), (16.60 ± 7.62), (32.60 ± 7.88), (50.26 ± 17.60),(240.20 ± 272.49)mg/kg, stove drying group with air-tight cover: (754 ± 2.95), (3238 ± 11.50), (119.18 ± 156.45),(224.00 ± 196.58), (495.70 ± 417.29)mg/kg, stove drying group with no cover: (4.82 ± 1.25), (44.30 ± 13.48),(122.89 ± 66.43), (334.23 ± 166.05), (531.01 ± 397.40)mg/kg] increased with elongation of drying time, and the group difference was significant(F = 44.77, 128.71, 126.87, 41.61, 53.63, 170.63, all P ＜ 0.05), with the largest rate of increase in stove drying group with no cover, and the lowest in sun-baked drying group;fluoride was significantly lower (t = 7.93,63.07,5.36,11.98,55.76,7.45, all P ＜ 0.05) after sample washing;total fluoride intake per person per day was 2.57 mg in local adult when ate washed and sun-baked corn, peppers, the total fluoride intake were 5.92, 8.14 mg when ate the food processed by other two drying methods and washed corn, peppers,respectively. Conclusions In the coal-burning type of fluorosis endemic area, should take appropriate health education measures, and instruct local residents to use sun bake their edible corn and pepper for human consumption, and cultivate a habit of washing corn and pepper before cooking, which can reduce the population total fluoride intake, and control endemic fluorosis.