Objective To investigate the primary target of injury resulting from cold preservation/reperfusion after liver transplantation in rats. Methods Male SD rats were divided into three groups randomly: sham group,UW 1-h group and UW 12-h group. Orthotopic liver transplantation was performed by using the technique described by Kamada with a modification. Survival rate of rats within 168 h postoperation was observed. Liver tissue specimens and blood samples were collected at 8 time points predetermined as 1,6,12,24,48,72,96 and 168 h postoperation. Six animals were used per time-point. The liver function was evaluated by serum ALT,AST and HA levels. Morphology was observed under light microscopy and TEM. Additionally,the incidence of apoptosis (AI) in hepatocytes and sinusoidal endothelial cells (SECs) were measured separately by TUNEL method.Results The survival rate at 168 h in UW 12-h group was 50 %,significantly lower than that in UW 1-h group (F= 6.39 ,P

Animals ; Calcium ; analysis ; physiology ; Cells, Cultured ; Motilin ; pharmacology ; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle ; drug effects ; physiology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Medication has become the first-line option for the management of lower urinary tract symptoms induced by benign prostatic hyperplasia (LUTS/BPH) for its advantages in controlling the symptoms, inhibiting BPH progression, and reducing serious complications and surgical risks. Recent years have witnessed remarkable achievement in the studies of phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (PDE5-Is) in the treatment of LUTS/BPH. PDE5-Is can effectively alleviate LUTS/BPH, with even better efficacy when combined with al-ARAs.
Humans ; Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms ; drug therapy ; etiology ; Male ; Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitors ; therapeutic use ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; complications

Objective To investigate the changes in prevalence of nutritional risk and undemutrition in patients with head and neck cancer during radiotherapy.Methods In this longitudinal observational study,a convenience sampling method was used to recruit patients with head and neck cancer who were receiving radiotherapy in Beijing Cancer Hospital.Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS 2002) was applied to assess the prevalence of nutritional risk in the patients,and Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) and body composition test to determine the prevalence of malnutrition (undernutrition) before,during and after radiotherapy.Results 56 patients finished the three follow-up exams.Along with the progress of radiotherapy,the scores of NRS 2002 increased gradually (1.64±1.09 vs.2.30 ±1.06 vs.3.14 ±1.07,x2 =46.639,P＜0.001),and the prevalence of nutritional risk also increased gradually (21.43％ vs.37.50％ vs.71.43％,x2 =29.700,P ＜0.001);the total scores of PG-SGA [1 (1-13) vs.6 (1-15) vs.12 (1-18),x2 =63.206,P＜0.001] and dimensions of weight [0 (0-4) vs.1 (0-4) vs.3 (0-6),x2 =40.798,P＜0.001],intake [0 (0-2) vs.1 (0-2) vs.2 (0-4),x2=64.707,P＜0.001] and symptoms [0 (0-7) vs.2 (0-10) vs.6 (0-11),x2 =61.562,P ＜ 0.001] all increased gradually with statistical significance.The prevalence of malnutrition in different stage of radiotherapy were significantly different (x2 =64.999,P ＜ 0.001).The body composition analysis in 40 patients showed that all the indicators of body composition decreased significantly along with the progress of radiotherapy.There was a great loss in patients' body weight during radiotherapy,especially the fat-free mass.Conclusions The prevalence of nutritional risk and undernutrition may increase in patients with head and neck cancer during radiotherapy.Lean body mass accounted for most of the weight loss.We should pay more attention to those patients' nutritional status during radiotherapy.

?AlM: To investigate theprotective effect of melatonin against hydrogen peroxide ( H2 O2 )-induced oxidative damage to human lens epithelial cells.
?METHODS: Sub-culture human lens epithelial cells preprocessed with different concentrations of melatonin for 12h and then 100 μmol/L H2 O2 for 24h. The impact of melatonin on H2 O2-induced lens epithelial cell viability was detected by MTT assay, rate of apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry instrument and activity of apoptosis-related factors, Caspase-3 and Caspase-9, were detected by colorimetric method.
?RESULTS: MTT assay showed that melatonin had no effect on the activity of lens epithelial cells, and the drug can inhibit the decrease of H2 O2-induced cell activity, as well as flow cytometry showed that melatonin can inhibit H2 O2-induced apoptosis. ln addition, melatonin can also reduce H2 O2-induced Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 activity in lens epithelial cells, and their activity decreased with effect of melatonin along with extending time.
?CONCLUSlON: Melatonin can obviously inhibit H2 O2 -induced apoptosis of human lens epithelial cells, which provide reliable experimental basis for drug on treatment of cataract.

Adenocarcinoma ; pathology ; surgery ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Signet Ring Cell ; pathology ; surgery ; Cell Differentiation ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gastrectomy ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Paneth Cells ; pathology ; Stomach Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo investigate results of total knee arthroplasty using the long-stem tibial component combined with metallic wedge of knee prosthesis for the treatment of proximal defects.

METHODSFrom January 2011 to May 2013, 10 patients (11 knees) were treated with total knee arthroplasties using the long-stem tibial component with metallic tibial wedge of knee prosthesis. All the patients were female and the average age was 67 years old (ranged, 60 to 77 years old). All the patients were osteoarthritis. All the patients were classified as T2A style. The patients were evaluated according to knee score system (KSS).

RESULTSAll the patients were followed up for 12 months on average (ranged 3 to 29 months). The clinical outcome was assessed using KSS score, including knee pain score, knee stability score, knee range of motion score and knee walking score, knee stairs score. There were significantly differences at 6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months and 12 months between pre-and postoperative KSS score.

CONCLUSIONThe mechanical stability of tibial fixation in primary TKA is significantly increased by using the long-stem tibial component with metallic wedge of knee prosthesis, even in the presence of poor proximal bone.

Aged ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee ; Female ; Humans ; Knee Joint ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Knee Prosthesis ; Male ; Osteoarthritis, Knee ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Tibia ; abnormalities ; physiopathology ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo observe the effects of navel-warming therapy on clinical efficacy in patients with yang-deficiency tympanites based on regular treatment of western medication.

METHODSOne hundred and twenty cases of yang-deficiency tympanites were randomly divided into a navel-warming therapy group and a western medication group, sixty cases in each one. The regular treatment of western medicine was applied in the western medication group, including oral administration of antiviral drug and diuretics as well as intravenous drip of hepatic protector. Based on western medicine treatment, the navel-warming therapy was applied in the navel-warming group. A medical cake was laid on Shenque (CV 8), and then a medical cylinder was placed above the medical cake and ignited. The treatment was given once daily. One month was considered as a treatment session in both groups and totally one session was required. The TCM symptom score, B-ultrasound ascites and temporary use of diuretics before and after treatment were observed in both groups; also the efficacy was evaluated.

RESULTSThe total effective rate was 81.7% (49/60) in the navel-warming therapy group, which was superior to 56.7% (34/60) in the western medication group (P < 0.05). After the treatment, the TCM symptom score and ascites were improved in both groups (all P < 0.05), which was more significant in the navel-warming therapy group (all P < 0.05). The temporary use of diuretics was statistically different between the two groups (P < 0.05), indicating the navel-warming therapy group could obviously reduce or stop the use of diuretics.

CONCLUSIONBased on regular treatment of western medication, the navel-warming therapy could significantly improve therapeutic efficacy, effectively relieve clinical symptoms and ease ascites.

Acupuncture Points ; Adult ; Aged ; Diuretics ; administration & dosage ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Moxibustion ; Yang Deficiency ; drug therapy ; Young Adult

The study is aimed to make the most of available space of Dendrobium officinale cultivation facility, reveal the yield and functional components variation of stereoscopic cultivated D. officinale, and improve quality, yield and efficiency. The agronomic traits and yield variation of stereoscopic cultivated D. officinale were studied by operating field experiment. The content of polysaccharide and extractum were determined by using phenol-sulfuric acid method and 2010 edition of "Chinese Pharmacopoeia" Appendix X A. The results showed that the land utilization of stereoscopic cultivated D. officinale increased 2.74 times, the stems, leaves and their total fresh or dry weight in unit area of stereoscopic cultivated D. officinale were all heavier than those of the ground cultivated ones. There was no significant difference in polysaccharide content between stereoscopic cultivation and ground cultivation. But the extractum content and total content of polysaccharide and extractum were significantly higher than those of the ground cultivated ones. In additional, the polysaccharide content and total content of polysaccharide and extractum from the top two levels of stereoscopic culture matrix were significantly higher than that of the ones from the other levels and ground cultivation. Steroscopic cultivation can effectively improves the utilization of space and yield, while the total content of polysaccharides and extractum were significantly higher than that of the ground cultivated ones. The significant difference in Dendrobium polysaccharides among the plants from different height of stereo- scopic culture matrix may be associated with light factor.
Cell Culture Techniques ; methods ; Dendrobium ; chemistry ; growth & development ; Plant Leaves ; chemistry ; growth & development ; Plant Stems ; chemistry ; growth & development ; Polysaccharides ; analysis

Water soluble extract (WSE) is an important index for the quality evaluation of Astragali Radix (AR). In this study, the WSE of the wild AR from Shanxi province (SX) and the cultivated AR from Gansu Province (GS) were compared. The WSEs of two types of AR were determined according to the appendix of Chinese pharmacopoeia. Then the WSEs were subjected to NMR analysis, and the obtained data were analyzed using HCA, PCA, OPLS-DA, microarray analysis, and Spearman rank analysis. In addition, the Pearson correlation of differential metabolites were also calculated. The results showed that the WSE content of GS-AR (37.80%) was higher than that of SX-AR (32.13%). The main constituent of WSE was sucrose, and other 18 compounds, including amino acids, organic acids, were also detected. Multivariate analysis revealed that SX-AR contained more choline, succinic acid, citric acid, glutamate, taurine and aspartate, while GS samples contained more sucrose, arginine and fumaric acid. In addition, the Pearson correlations between different metabolites of the two types of AR also showed apparent differences. The results suggested that the WSE of two types of AR differs not only in the content, but also in the chemical compositions. Thus, the cultivation way is important to the quality of AR. This study supplied a new method for the comparison of extract of herbal drugs.
Arginine ; analysis ; Aspartic Acid ; analysis ; Choline ; analysis ; Citric Acid ; analysis ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; chemistry ; Fumarates ; analysis ; Glutamic Acid ; analysis ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Multivariate Analysis ; Phylogeography ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Succinic Acid ; analysis ; Sucrose ; analysis ; Taurine ; analysis