Objective To assess the economic efficiency of glycated haemoglobin(HbA1C)determination in screening the undiagnosed diabetes among hospitalised patients. Methods Exclusive criteria were made based on the information of the electronic patient history,including age<18 years,hospitalization for diabetes treatment, and having received a transfusion within half a year. Pathology samples from participants were collected for blood routine analysis and HbA1C screening test. Screening the undiagnosed diabetes was based on the level of HbA1C. Results In this study ,1012 patients were enrolled ,78 patients with diabetes ,and 934 patients haven′t been diagnosed before. Among the 934 patients ,HbA1C level of 51 patients was over 6.5%(48 mmol/mol). These 51 patients (5.46%) were determined to have previously unknown diabetes. The prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes was 5.46% during the study period. The cost of HbA1C test was ￥1098 per new diagnosis of diabetes. Conclusions HbA1C is a simple ,inexpensive screening test for diabetes ,which can significantly improve the diagnostic efficiency,and the early detection of diabetes can slow the progression of complication and reduce the medical care expenditures.

Objective:To evaluate the correlation between the polysomnographic findings and the degree of obstruction caused by adenoid and tonsillar hypertrophy in children with clinical history of apnea. Method: Retrospectively studied the children who were diagnozed clinically of, obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS) and underwented polysomnograph and endoscopy. Patients were divided nto OSAHS and non-OSAHS group according to polysomnographic findings. Result: Ninty-four children were involved in the study population, and 63 children of them were male. The mean age of the children at the time of inclusion in the study was 6.7 years. 36 children(38.3%) diagnosed OSAHS clinically had normal polysomnographic findings. No differences were found between children with PSG-documented OSAHS and others. Tonsillar and/or adenoid hypertrophy were not correlated to more severe apnea among enrolled children. Conclusion-There was no significant correlation between polysomnographic and clinical findings in children with OSAHS.

BACKGROUND:Usual mechanics experiment approach cannot be applied directly to human body and the inter-comparability of models is low.Therefore finite element numerical simulation to mechanical behavior of human body has become an effective method for better understanding of the human body.OBJECTIVE:To establish a three-dimensional finite element model of femoral osteoporosis.METHODS:According to the average Chinese femur parameters,1 male patient with severe osteoporosis,aged 86 years,with no hip joint diseases,was selected.The data of femoral osteoporosis was obtained by means of spiral CT scanning.The graphical data were processed by the Mimics 11.1 (a graph processing software),and the outline curve data of femoral bone cortex inside and outside surface were obtained.The curve data were imported into the Unigraphic NX4.0 for solid modeling.The femur three-dimensional model composed of the cortical bone,cancellous bone and medullary canal was obtained.The model data were imported into the Ansys 11.0 for operations such as assigning,meshing,and contact interactions to establish three-dimensional finite element model of osteoporotic femur.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Three-dimensional finite element model of femur of osteoporosis was successfully established,which provides a reliable method for the construction of finite element model of femoral osteoporosis,and creates conditions for investigating femoral osteoporosis fracture fixation method and joint replacement.

Objective: To develop an HPLC-ELSD method for the simultaneous determination of six saponins constituents including notoginsenoside R1, ginsenoside Rg1, ginsenoside Re, ginsenoside Rb1, ginsenoside Rc and ginsenoside Rd in Xinling pills.Methods: HPLC-ELSD was used, and the chromatographic separation was performed on an Agilent Eclipse XBD-C18 column (150 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm) with acetonitrile-water as the mobile phase with gradient elution at the flow rate of 1.0 ml·min-1, the column temperature was maintained at 20℃, the drift tube temperature was 60℃, and the gas pressure was 4.00 bar.Results: Notoginsenoside R1, ginsenoside Rg1, ginsenoside Re, ginsenoside Rb1, ginsenoside Rc and ginsenoside Rd was linear within the range of 0.30-6.00μg(r=0.999 5), 1.14-22.80μg (r=0.999 6), 0.17-3.40 μg (r=0.999 7), 0.81-16.20 μg (r=0.999 7), 0.08-1.60 μg (r=0.999 8) and 0.07-1.40 μg (r=0.999 8), respectively.The average recovery was 98.23%, 97.98%, 99.14%, 99.15%, 98.72% and 98.37%, and the RSDs were 1.56%, 1.31%, 1.16%, 1.07%, 0.73% and 0.92%(n=6), respectively.Conclusion: The method is convenient, accurate and reproducible in the quality control of saponins components in Xinling pills

As an important part of Chinese medicinal materials, uncommon-territorial herbs are also the most complex parts in the herbal medicine markets. Through years of investigation on the key markets of Chinese herbal medicine, the meaning of uncommon-territorial herbs, their historical evolution, origin and characteristics were clarified in this paper, and some countermeasures were put forward for its development.
Biological Evolution ; China ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; history ; Herbal Medicine ; history ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; History, Ancient ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; history ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; growth & development

Objective To explore the clinical features and repositioning maneuver effects of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo ( BPPV ).Method The clinical features of 326 patients with BPPV from August 2009 to July 2011 were analyzed retrospectively.Different types of BPPV were compared.Results BPPV was more common in female and the peak period of onset was between the ages of 50 and 60.The average latency of vertigo attack was ( 1.52 ± 1.22) s and 43 patients ( 13.2％ ) had no obvious latency.The median duration of vertigo attack was 10 s,with less than 60 s in 312 patients (95.7％) and between 60—180 s in 13 patients (4.0％).The latency of vertigo attack of posterior semicircular canal-BPPV ( ( 1.74 ± 1.21 ) s) was longer than that of horizontal semicircular canal-BPPV ( ( 0.96 ± 1.06 ) s,t =5.546,P ＜0.01 ).But there were no differences in the gender,the course of disease and the duration of vertigo attack.The patients with posterior semicircular canal-cupulolithiasis were younger than those with posterior semicircular canal-canalithiasis.The duration of vertigo attack of posterior semicircular canalcupulolithiasis was longer than that of posterior semicircular canal-canalithiasis.The latency and the duration of vertigo attack of horizontal semicircular canal-cupulolithiasis were longer than that of horizontal semicircular canal-canalithiasis and the age was older.Conclusions The posterior semicircular canal is more involved in BPPV.The latency of vertigo attack of posterior semicircular canal-BPPV is longer than that of horizontal semicircular canal-BPPV.The latency and the duration of vertigo attack of horizontal semicircular canal-cupulolithiasis are longer than that of horizontal semicircular canal-canalithiasis and the age is older.

Objective To investigate the clinical significance of piatelet activity in patients with chronic cor Dulmonale.Methods PAC-1 and CD62p was measured with flow cytometry in whole blood samples from 40 patients and 30 normal controls.The pulmonary arterial pressure was detected through Doppler echocardiography.The arterial partial pressure of oxygen and the carbon dioxide were also analyzed.Results PAC-1 and CD62p increased significantiy (P<0.01).Conclusion Platelet activity is positively related to pulmonary artrial systolic pressure,CO2 partial pressure,and negatively related to O2 partial pressure.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the synergistic effect of transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) and platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) on the expression of integrin beta3, in periodontal membrane of rat orthodontic tooth.

METHODSAn orthodontic tooth movement model was established. Up to 32 experimental rats were randomly divided into four groups according to a random number table. The four groups were injected with 1% PBS, TGF-beta1 (5 ng), PDGF-BB (10 ng), and combined TGF-beta1 (5 ng) and PDGF-BB (10 ng) in the buccal submucosal, respectively. The volume injected in each group was 0.1 mL. The animals were then sacrificed on the 10th day. The left maxillary first molar and periodontal tissue were taken. Different expressions of integrin beta3 were detected in periodontal tissues through immunohistochemistry. Mean optical density (OD) values of the positive fields were examined. The data obtained were analyzed through ANOVA. The data followed normal distribution, and were compared via t-test.

RESULTSCompared with the control groups, the expression of integrin beta3 was higher in the experimental groupin tension sides (P < 0.01). Significant differences in tension sides between the single-injection groups and the combined group were observed (P < 0.01). Compared with the control groups, the expression of integrin beta3 was higher in the experimental group in compression sides (P < 0.05). In addition, there was no significant differences in compression sides between the single-injection groups and the combined group (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONIn terms of local regulatory factors, TGF-beta1 combined with PDGF-BB enhance the expression of integrin beta3 in the periodontal membrane and accelerate periodontal remodeling. The synergistic effect of the two growth factors is better than the single growth factor.

Objective To examine the effect of fibronectin connecting segment-1 (CS1) peptidefacilitated blockade of inflammatory cells-fibronectin adhesion on a rat liver transplantation model of prolonged ex vivo cold ischemia.Methods A model of liver transplantation in Wistar→Wistar rat was established.The donors of the CS1 treatment group received CS1 peptides through the tail vein for 3 days before operation.Another two doses of CS1 peptides were administered into the liver intraportally during procurement and before transplantion.Recipients received an additional 3-day course of CS1 peptides after transplantation.Rats in control group received scrambled peptides.Rats were sacrificed at 6,24 and 72 h after transplantion,and plasma transaminase activity and hepatic pathological changes were studied.The inflammatory cells and liver sinusoidal endothelial cells were visualized histochemically.Real-time PCR was used to detect tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α),interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) mRNA expression in the liver.Results The plasma transaminase activity and hepatic necrosis areas in CS1 treatment group were significantly lower than in control group (P＜0.05).CS1 peptides treatment significantly decreased the number of Kupffer cells after transplantation and greatly inhibited the recruitment of neutrophils to the graft liver as compared with control group (P＜0.05).After prolonged cold ischemia,only a few hepatic endothelial cells exhibited positive staining of hepatic sinusoidal endothelial cell biomarker SE-1.Lots of hepatic sinusoidal endothelial cells positive for SE-1 staining could be detected in CS1 group at 72 h after transplantation,while much less SE-1 positive cells presented in the control goup.Prolonged cold ischemia caused a significant increase of TNF-α,IL-1β and VEGF mRNA expression in the graft liver of control group after transplantation.The expression of TNF-α mRNA at 6 and 24 h and VEGF mRNA expression at 24 h were significantly lower in CS1 group than in control group (P＜0.05).Conclusion Peptide-mediated blockade of inflammatory cells-fibronectin interaction decreased the mRNA expression of inflammatory cytokines,prevented hepatic sinusoidal endothelial cells from injury and subsequently protected against severe ischemia/reperfusion injury of the graft liver after transplantation.

Objective To explore the clinical features of vestibular paroxysmia (VP).Methods The clinical features of 51 patients with VP from January 2009 to April 2011 were analyzed retrospectively.The treatment effectiveness of antiepileptics was evaluated.Results The ratio of male to female was 1 ∶ 1.55 in the 51 patients with VP and the course of disease was 10 days to 20 years.In 46 patients (90.2％) the attacks occurred at rest,whereas 37 patients (72.5％) were precipitated by a head turn or a body turn.Three minutes hyperventilation-induced vertigo was found in 13 patients (25.5％) and Fukuda test was positive in 15 patients (29.4％).Forty patients (78.4％) were abnormal in brainstem auditory evoked potentials (BAEP) and the interpeak latency of wave Ⅰ-Ⅲ was prolonged than 2.2 ms in 26 patients (51.0％).There were 47 ears had neurovascular cross-compression (NVCC),which were unilateral in 37 patients and bilateral in 5 patients,with type Ⅰ in 23 ears(48.9％),type Ⅱ in 5 ears(10.6％),type Ⅲ in 17 ears(36.2％) and type Ⅳ in 2 ears(4.3％).Three month-treatment led to a significant reduction in the attack frequency(3 (2,7) per month vs 15 (9,30) per month,Z =-6.156,P ＜ 0.01),in the attack duration(2(1,4) s vs 12(6,20) s,Z =-6.066,P ＜0.01),and a reduction in the visual analogue scale of vertigo (1.86 ±0.57 vs 5.83 ± 1.12,t =1.984,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions Briefvertigoattacksatrestis the character of VP.Three minutes hyperventilation-induced vertigo is helpful for the diagnosis of VP.The prolongation of the interpeak latency of wave Ⅰ-Ⅲ in BAEP is the character of VP.NVCC widely existed in the patients with VP and types Ⅰ and type Ⅲ was more common.Using antiepileptics,a better treatment effectiveness can be obtained.