Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Phytotherapy ; methods ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive ; drug therapy

Medication has become the first-line option for the management of lower urinary tract symptoms induced by benign prostatic hyperplasia (LUTS/BPH) for its advantages in controlling the symptoms, inhibiting BPH progression, and reducing serious complications and surgical risks. Recent years have witnessed remarkable achievement in the studies of phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (PDE5-Is) in the treatment of LUTS/BPH. PDE5-Is can effectively alleviate LUTS/BPH, with even better efficacy when combined with al-ARAs.
Humans ; Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms ; drug therapy ; etiology ; Male ; Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitors ; therapeutic use ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; complications

Objective To report 11 cases with the tissue defects of their upper or lower limbs repaired with the anastomsed medial sural artery perforator flaps.Methods The free medial sural artery perforator flaps,with length of 8 cm to 15 cm and width of 6 cm to 14 cm were used for tissue defect reconstruction of the distal upper or lower limbs in 11 cases,including 6 females and 5 males.The flap was harvested from the ho- mo-lateral calf,confined between the posterior-medial edge of the tibia and the middle line of the calf and a- bove the distal half part of the medial sural muscle,with a same axis of this muscle.Results Ten cases survived very well,which was relatively thin,and the donor site can be acceptable.One case resulted in a complete flap necrotized and covered with a split skin graft.No obvious motor function defect was observed of the donor leg.Conclusion The anastomsed medial sural artery perforator flap is alternative donor flap for the upper or lower limb tissue defect repair,especially for the defect in the hand or foot.

Objective To explore the expression of nemo-like kinase (NLK) in primary hepatic carcino-ma (HCC) and its clinicopathological significance. Methods The expression of NLK was detected in 136 HCC samples by Immunohistochemistry. Results NLK expression was significantly up-regulated in HCC specimens compared to corresponding normal liver tissues. High expression of NLK was significantly associated with Ed-mondson-steiner grade, tumor size and number of tumor nodules (all P < 0.05). There was positive correlation between NLK and proliferation marker Ki-67 (P < 0.01). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed the high expression NLK group was significantly associated with poor overall survival and disease-free survival (all P < 0.001). Univariate analysis showed that the high expression NLK was associated with poor prognosis (P < 0.001). Multivariable Cox regression analysis suggested that the expressions of NLK and Ki-67 , Edmondson-steiner grade , metastasis , tu-mor size and number of tumor nodules were independent prognostic indicators for HCC. Conclusions NLK was markedly upregulated in HCC specimens, and it might be an independent prognostic marker for HCC. NLK might play an important role in tumorigenesis, progression and prognosis of HCC.

Objective To study the effects of Alternariol(AOH) on DNA polymerase ?(DNA POL?)expression in NIH3T3 cells.Methods RT-PCR,Immunocytochemistry and Western blot were used to detected mRNA and the protein levels of DNA POL? in NIH3T3 cell line induced by AOH.Results The expression of DNA POL? in NIH3T3 cells contaminated by AOH was significantly higher than that in the control group(P

Objective To evaluate the effect of propofol on interleukin-1β (IL-1β)-induced increase in monolayer permeability of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs).Methods Primary HUVECs were cultured and purified by immuno-magnetic separation.The expression of VE-cadherin in endothelial cells was determined by immunofluorescence.The HUVEC monolayer permeability was detected by the Transwell system.The cells were seeded on the upper chamber (2 × 105 cells/well) and cultured for 3 days after confluence.The cells were treated in two ways.The cells were randomly divided into 6 groups (n =36 each) and 5 of the 6 groups treated with 1,2,5,10 and 20 ng/ml IL-1β for 24 h except for control group.The cells were also randomly divided into 5 groups (n =30 each) and 4 of the 5 groups were pretreated with 0,10,50 and 100 μmol/L propofol for 30 min,and then treated with 10 ng/ml IL-1β for 24 h except for control group.The cells were radomly divided into 3 groups (n =18 each) and 2 of the 3 groups were pretreated with 50 μmol/L propofol for 30 min,and then treated with 10 ng/ml IL-1β for 24 h or 30 min.The expression of occludin protien,p38 mitogen activiated protienkinase (p38 MAPK) and phosphorylated p38 MAPK (p-p38 MAPK) was determined by Western blot.Results Compared with control group,5,10 and 20 ng/ml IL-1β significantly increased HUVEC monolayer permeability in a concentration-dependent manner (P ＜ 0.05 or 0.01).10,50 and 100 μmol/L propofol inhibited IL-1 β-induced increase in the permeability of HUVEC monolayer permeability in a concentration-dependent manner (P ＜ 0.01).IL-1β could down-regulate HUVEC occludin protein expression,and activate p38MAPK signaling pathway,and propofol inhibited IL-1β-induced down-regulation of HUVEC occludin protein expression and activation of p38 MAPK signaling pathway (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion Propofol can alleviate IL-1β-induced increase in the permeability of HUVEC monolayer via inhibiting activation of p38 MAPK signaling pathway.

Objective To study the expression level of thyroid insulin-like growth factor-Ⅰ (IGF-Ⅰ) in iodine deficiency and excess mice and the effect of thyroid gland IGF-Ⅰ in the thyroid morphological change. Methods Forty-eight Balb/c mice were chosen as studied objects,weighing about 16 g. They were divided into three groups: low iodine(LI,iodine content of 50 μg/kg in feed,drinking deironized water) group,normoi(NI,iodine content of 300 μg/kg in feed,drinking deironized water) group and high(HI,iodine content of 300 μg/kg in feed,iodoine of content 14 700 μg/kg in drinking) group,16 mice in each group. Mice were put to death after 12 weeks and taken out of their thyroid gland. The body weight,absolute and relative weights of thyroid gland were measured and the morphological change of thyroid gland were observed under microscope. The expression levels of thyroid gland IGF-Ⅰ mRNA and protein were detected by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry,respectively. Results There were statistical significances between groups of thyroid absolute and relative weights(F = 315.881,405.921,all P < 0.01). LI group [(10.71±4.03) mg,(44.98±15.39)mg/100 g body weight]and HI group [(3.42±1.17)mg,(13.50± 3.89)mg/100 g body weight]had heavier thyroid absolute and relative weights than NI group[(2.11±0.53)mg,(8.35±1.98)mg/100 g body weight,all P < 0.01]. Under microscopy,the thyroid follicle capacity grew down and the follicle quantity grew up in LI group,the epithelium was stylolitic,the colloid diminished or absence in follicular cavity,while HI group presented colloid accumulation without follicular hyperplasia. The expression level of thyroid gland IGF-Ⅰ mRNA in LI group(1.03±0.32) was more than that in NI(0.65±0.19) and HI(0.59± 0.20) groups(F= 7.518,P< 0.01). In contrast to NI,there was no difference in the expression level of thyroid gland IGF-Ⅰ mRNA in HI group(P > 0.05). The brownish particles of LI group were more than NI and HI groups in the thyroid follicle epithelium by immunohistochemistry,while HI group was less than NI group. Conclusions The mice of iodine deficiency presented follicular hyperplasia goiter,the mice of iodine excess presented colloid accumulative goiter. The change of IGF-Ⅰ mRNA and protein expression may participate morphologleal change,indicating autocrine IGF-Ⅰ of thyroid gland may play an important role in regulating goiter formation.

To study the association between penetration enhancement effect of essential oils and drug properties of traditional Chinese medicines. Through literature research, 34 kinds of essential oils with the penetration enhancement effect were collected. The methods of frequency analysis and variable crosstab were used for intuitive analysis and association analysis. The association between penetration enhancement effect of essential oils and drug properties (four natures, five flavors, channel tropism) were analyzed by a general linear model. According to the findings, the essential oils with penetration enhancement effect were all sourced from acrid traditional Chinese medicines, because their positive drug nature contributed to the enhancement of the penetration effect of essential oil; five flavors had little effect on penetration enhancement (P = 0.6982), but four natures and channel tropism showed significant effects (P = 0.011, 0.077). In conclusion, there were obvious association and regularity between penetration enhancement effect of essential oils and drug properties of traditional Chinese medicine.
Data Mining ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacokinetics ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Oils, Volatile ; chemistry ; pharmacokinetics ; Permeability ; Skin ; metabolism

Objective To study effect of excessive iodine intake on sodium-iodide symporter(NIS)mRNA and protein expression of breast in lactating rats.Methods60 Wistar rats,having been weaned for one month,were randomly divided into three groups according to their body weights,I.e,①normal iodine(NI,30 rats);②ten fold high iodine(10 HI,15 rats);③one hundred fold high iodine(100 HI,15 rats).Eating food containing iodine of 300μg/L and drinking water of iodine at 5,1845,20 295μg/L,respectively.After fed for 3 months,the rats mated and had offspring,and urine and milk iodine of lactating rats were determined by As-Ce-catalytic spectrophotometric method.Their marmnary glands were sampled at lactation day 10.Then NIS mRNA expression by RT-PCR was determined and NIS protein by immunohistochemistry(SABC)was observed.Results The urine iodine of 10 HI group(3597.5μg/L)and 100HI group(25 404.3μg/L)increased obviously compared with that of NI group(344.7μg/L).The milk iodine of 10HI group(27.1×103μg/L)and 100HI group(191.0×1μg/L)was higher than that of NI group(6.0×103μg/L),but the increased fold of milk iodine was not paralleled with that of urine iodine.Difference of NIS mRNA expression was significant(F=24.19,P＜0.01)among the groups,and the NIS mRNA expression in 10HI(1.250±0.034)and 100HI(1.272±0.039)group were less than that in NI (1.532±0.044)group(P＜0.01).The breast NIS mRNA expression in lactating rats(1.532±0.044)was significantly higher than that in unlactating rats(0.879±0.018,P＜0.01).With the increasing iodine uptake,NIS protein expression decreased.Conclusions The NIS mRNA and protein in rat breasts is down-regulated by excessive iodine intake.So increasing extent of milk iodine concentration is inhibited,which is important to prevent off-spring from getting excessive iodine intake from parental generation.

OBJECTIVETo study the clinical feature and alpha II b beta 3 gene mutations of three Glanzmann thrombasthenia (GT) pedigrees.

METHODSPlatelet counts (BPC), blood film, bleeding time, platelet aggregation and flow cytometry were used for phenotype diagnosis of all the patients. All the exons of alpha II b and beta 3 genes were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and direct sequencing was performed for mutational screening. One hundred and three healthy blood donors were as normal controls.

RESULTSThree probands showed normal BPC, defective platelets aggregation, prolonged bleeding time and significantly reduced platelet aggregation to ADP, epinephrine, and collagen, while relatively normal aggregation to ristocetin. Flow cytometry showed platelet surface expressed alpha II b beta 3 was strongly reduced in proband 1 and proband 3 and mildly reduced in the amount of surface expressed alpha II b beta 3 (63%) in proband 2. Sequencing results showed that proband 1 had a G10A homozygous mutation in alpha II b, and a G1412T homozygous mutation in beta3. Compound heterozygous mutations in beta3, G1199A and 1525delC were identified in proband 2. No mutations in alpha II b beta 3 gene were identified in proband 3.

CONCLUSIONSCompound homozygous mutations, GI0A in alpha II b and G1412T in beta3, lead to GT in proband 1. Compound heterozygous mutations in beta3, G1199A and 1525delC, lead to GT in proband 2. The mutations of G10A, G1412T and 1525delC were reported for the first time in GT patients.

Exons ; genetics ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mutation ; Pedigree ; Platelet Membrane Glycoprotein IIb ; genetics ; Thrombasthenia ; genetics