Female ; Humans ; Integrative Medicine ; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ; therapy

The new generation cyclooxygenase (COX-2) inhibitor could reduce the gastrointestinal side effect of NSAID drugs, but eventually increase the cardiovascular risk, because its selective inhibition of COX-2 induces the imbalance between PGI2 and TXA2 and the reduction of vasodilatory NO. Under pathological conditions, active oxygen species (O2-*2, etc) were used to induce endo- thelial dysfunction, activate NF-κB to induce expressions of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and TNF-α, increase ET-1, TXA2 with vasoconstrictor effect, reduce PGI2 and NO with vasodilatory effect, generate further oxidative damage together with NO, and reduce the bioavailability of NO. NO-NSAIDs and NO-Coxibs drugs raised the level of NO by introducing NO-donor (ONO2). NSAIDs drugs enhanced the anti-inflammatory activity of COX-2 and reduced gastrointestinal side effects by inhibiting selectively COX-2. If antioxidant structures with active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicines were introduced to improve the antioxidant activity of NSAIDs, they could scavenge the active oxygen species to protect the normal function of vascular endothelia and enhance the bioavailability of NO, which is conducive to enhance the cardiovascular safety of cyclooxygenase (COX-2) inhibitor.
Anti-Inflammatory Agents ; therapeutic use ; Biomarkers, Pharmacological ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; drug therapy ; enzymology ; immunology ; Cyclooxygenase 2 ; immunology ; Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; NF-kappa B ; immunology ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; immunology ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; immunology

Objective To evaluate the value of real-time three-dimensional echocardiography(RT-3DE)in diagnosing congenital tricuspid valve anomaly.Methods Eighteen patients with congenital tricuspid valve anomaly were studied by RT-3DE,the spatial framework and neighboring structures of the tricuspid valve were analyzed and compared with result of the operation.Results The anomaly of tricuspid,chorda tendineae,the papillary muscle and their connection with neighboring structures could be displayed clearly from different directions.The diagnose accordance rate of RT-3DE was 83%.Conclusions RT-3DE may provide more information on congenital tricuspid valve anomaly than 2DE.

Objective To observe the effect of autophagy on paclitaxel-induced CaSki cell death through the regulation of the expression of autophagy gene Beclin1, and to explore the interaction and relationship between autophagy and apoptosis. Methods Eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3.1-Beclin1 and RNA interference vector pSUPER-Beclin1 were transfected into human cervical cancer CaSki cells in vitro and screened for stable expression cell lines. The formation of autophagic vacuoles was observed with an electronic microscope. The expression of Beclin1 and LC3 was measured by Western blot. After being treated with paclitaxel, the change of cell proliferation was assessed by MTT assay, the percentage of apoptotic cells and autophagic cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. Results A lot of autophagic vacuoles were observed in pcDNA3.1-Beclin1 cells by electronic microscopy. Beclin1 and LC3 protein expression was up-regulated in CaSki cells transfected with pcDNA3.1-Beclin1, and was inhibited in cells transfected with pSUPER-Beclin1. MTT assay revealed the survival rate of CaSki cells was significantly decreased after being transfected with pcDNA3.1-Beclin1. After being treated with paclitaxel, the percentages of apoptotic cells and autophagic cells were both increased in pcDNA3.1-Beclin1 group compared with that of the blank control group especially the increase of apoptosis was particularly evident. Conclusion Autophagy and apoptosis have different roles in the process of paclitaxel-induced cervical cancer CaSki cell line death. Overexpression of Beclin1 in CaSki cells may enhance the apoptosis induced by paclitaxel.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility and safety of embedding the totally implantable venous access port (TIVAP) via the access of right brachiocephalic vein (BCV).Methods The clinical data of 493 patients,who underwent the placement of TIVAP by using right BCV route during the period from March 2013 to December 2015,were retrospectively analyzed.The patients included 137 males and 356 females,with a mean age of (47.3±13.2) years old (ranging from 29 to 78 years old).The puncture success rate and TIVAP indwelling procedure-related complications were analyzed.Results The technical success rate was 100％,the success rate of initial puncturing was 99％ (488/493).The mean operation time was (22.5± 8.3) minutes (range of 18-35 minutes).Mis-puncturing of artery happened in 3 patients (0.61％,3/493);and no severe complications such as hemothorax or pneumothorax occurred.After implantation,the patients carried TIVAP for 124-986 days,with a mean of (271.1±53.8) days.The incidence of complications was 2.25％ (11/488),including hemorrhage at port site (n=2),catheter-related infection (n=l),partial thrombosis (n=2),and formation of fibrous protein sheath (n=6).No serious complications such as displacement or rupture of catheter,or catheter pinch-off syndrome (POS),etc.were observed.Conclusion The implantation of TIVAP by using right BCV route has high puncturing success rate,the technique is safe and reliable,and it can provide another option of catheter access for the clinical performance of TIVAP implantation.

Objective To explore the clinical value of guide-wire shaping in subclavian vein catheter-ization.Methods Totally 400 patients requiring right subclavian vein catheterization were equally divided into two groups according to the clinic date: intervention group ( with guide-wire shaping , n =200 ) and control group (without guide-wire shaping, n=200).The catheterization was carried out by the same doctor .The rates of ectopic wire were compared between the two groups .Results The overall success rate of catheteriza-tion was 98.25%(393/400) [98.5% (197/200) in intervention group and 98.0% (196/200) in control group, P=0.500].The incidence of catheter displacement was 1.02%(2/197) in intervention group, which was significantly lower than that [7.14% (14/196)] in control group (P=0.002).Conclusion As a sim-ple procedure , guide-wire shaping can effectively prevent catheter displacement during catheterization .

Objective To investigate the expression of Nogo-66 receptor (NgR) in primary cultured rat astrocytes.Methods RT-PCR and Western blot were applied to verify mRNA and protein expression of NgR in primary cultured and purified astrocytes. Indirect immunofluorensence and confocal microscopic technique were used to study the distribution of NgR. Results Specific NgR cDNA product could be amplified from the total RNA of primary cultured astrocytes by RTPCR; Western blot of the extracts of astrocytes demonstrated a specific NgR band at about 64 kD. Indirect immunofluorescence and confocal scanning further revealed the intracellular localization of NgR protein in astrocytes. Simultaneously,the NgR protein was detected in C6 rat glioma cells by western blot and immunofluoresence staining. Conclusion NgR is expressed in primary cultured astrocytes, which offers strong and direct support for the expression of NgR in astrocytes in vivo.

BACKGROUND:Titanium and titanium aloy are used mostly in artificial joints, fracture fixation, and oral transplantation, while there are complex cases of insufficient bone mass in these areas. The deepened research of stem cels offers a solution for bone injury to promote new bone formation. The biocompatibility of titanium and stem cels and optimization of titanium surface modification have aroused people's attention. OBJECTIVE:To investigate whether the biocompatibility of titanium and human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cels can be improved by type I colagen modification of titanium sheets. METHODS:The experiment was divided into two groups. Modification group: titanium sheet was modified with type I colagen; control group: titanium sheet was not modified with type I colagen. Human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cels at passage 6 were implanted into titanium sheet in two groups. Then we calculated the number of adherent cels in two groups at 1, 2 and 4 hours after implantation, and compared the celladhesion rate. MTT assay was used to observe the proliferation of cels on titanium sheet at 2, 4, 6 and 8 days after implantation. DNA and protein content of cels were detected at 3, 6, 9 days after implantation. The growth of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cels seeded upon the titanium sheets was observed under scanning electron microscope at 6 days. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:When the cels were cultured for 1 hour and 2 hours, the number of adherent cels in the modification group was higher than in the control group (P < 0.05). The absorbance of cels in two groups was increased as the culture time, as detected by MTT assay. The modification group had a significantly higher absorbance value than the control group at 4, 6, 8 days (P < 0.05). DNA and protein contents of the cels in the modification group were higher than that in control group at 6 and 9 days (P < 0.05). At 6 days, the number of adherent cels and secretion of adherent stromal cellmatrix in the modification group were significantly better than that in control group, observed by scanning electron microscopy. Type I colagen modified titanium sheets have good surface activity and biocompatibility, and can promote the proliferation of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cels.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: This study was performed to determine whether adding coenzyme Q10 (CoQ(10)) to metformin (MET) has a beneficial effect as a treatment for sirolimus (SRL)-induced diabetes mellitus (DM). METHODS: DM was induced in rats by daily treatment with SRL (0.3 mg/kg, subcutaneous) for 28 days, and animals were treated with CoQ(10) (20 mg/kg, oral) and MET (250 mg/kg, oral) alone or in combination for the latter 14 days of SRL treatment. The effects of CoQ(10) and MET on SRL-induced DM were assessed with the intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test (IPGTT) and by determining plasma insulin concentration and the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-R) index. We also evaluated the effect of CoQ(10) on pancreatic islet size, apoptosis, oxidative stress, and mitochondria morphology. RESULTS: IPGTT revealed overt DM in SRL-treated rats. The addition of CoQ(10) to MET further improved hyperglycemia, decreased HOMA-R index, and increased plasma insulin concentration compared with the SRL group than MET alone therapy. While SRL treatment induced smaller islets with decreased insulin staining intensity, the combination of CoQ(10) and MET significantly improved insulin staining intensity, which was accompanied by a reduction in oxidative stress and apoptosis. In addition, co-treatment of CoQ(10) and MET significantly increased the levels of antiperoxidative enzymes in the pancreas islet cells compared with MET. At the subcellular level, addition of CoQ(10) to MET improved the average mitochondrial area and insulin granule number. CONCLUSIONS Addition of CoQ(10) to MET has a beneficial effect on SRL-induced DM compared to MET alone.

Aim To investigate the protective effect of astragaloside IV (AS-Ⅳ) on human retinal pigment epithelium injury induced by methylglyoxal (MGO), and explore its molecular mechanism.Methods The injury of ARPE-19 cells was induced by MGO and the cell viability was measured by CCK-8 method.The morphology of cell nucleus was analyzed by Hoechst 33342 staining and the cell apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry to detect labbled Annexin V-FITC/PI.JC-1 staining and fluorescence probe DCFH-DA were employed to evaluate the change of mitochondrial membrane potential and reactive oxygen species (ROS).The levels of SOD, MDA, caspase-9 and caspase-3 were determined by respective kits.Western blot was used to analyse the expression of Bcl-2, Bax and PARP.Results AS-Ⅳ could significantly inhibit the decrease of cell viability induced by MGO, improve the morphology of cell nucleus, reduce the ARPE-19 cell apoptosis rate and the level of ROS and MDA, and increase the activity of SOD.Furthermore, AS-Ⅳ could enhance mitochondrial membrane potential, the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax and the expression of PARP, and inhibit the activation of caspase-9 and caspase-3.Conclusion AS-Ⅳ may protect ARPE-19 cells from the injury induced by MGO by increasing the antioxidant ability of ARPE-19 cells and inhibiting cell apoptosis.